Brush Or Brushless Screwdriver Which Is Better

Brushless screwdrivers: features, advantages and disadvantages
What is a brushless motor and how does a screwdriver with such a motor differ from where the collector version is located? The principle of energy generation in a brushless screwdriver. Disadvantages and advantages of a brushless screwdriver. How to choose a tool and what parameters should you pay special attention to?

Brushless screwdriver: energy principle

The brushless screwdriver has a motor of the type described, its difference is that the current is switched not in the rotor, but in the stator windings. There are no coils on the armature, and the magnetic field is created by means of magnets installed in the structure of the instrument.

The moment when the power supply is needed is determined by special sensors. Their work is based on the Hall effect. DPR pulses and the signal of the speed regulator are processed in the microprocessor, as a result of which they are formed. In professional language, they are also called PWM signal.

The created pulses are sequentially fed to inverters or, more simply, amplifiers, which increase the amperage, and their outputs are connected to the winding located on the stator. These current amplifiers are designed to switch the current occurring in the coils according to the signals that come from the microprocessor unit. As a result of this interaction, a magnetic field is formed, which enters into connection with what is around the rotor, as a result of which the armature begins to rotate.

Advantages and disadvantages

Among the advantages are:

  • The ability to adjust the speed. At the same time, the user has a wide range of settings for this indicator, depending on the work performed and the working surface.
  • There is no collector-brush assembly in the design of such a unit, so the tool breaks less often when used correctly, and maintenance does not cause problems.
  • The screwdriver is better able to handle heavy loads associated with increased torque.

brush or brushless screwdriver which is better

  • Battery energy is consumed economically.
  • The efficiency of such equipment is 90%.
  • The ability to use the screwdriver in a hazardous environment with the presence of an explosive gas mixture, since there is no arcing.
  • Miniature dimensions and low weight.
  • In both directions of operation, one power is maintained.
  • Even an increased load does not cause a decrease in speed.

Disadvantages:

  • Impressive value.
  • The large size of the screwdriver, which makes it difficult to work with an outstretched arm and in hard-to-reach places.

Brushless screwdrivers: features, advantages and disadvantages

  1. What is a brushless motor
  2. Brushless screwdriver: energy principle
  3. Advantages and disadvantages
  4. Comparison of collector and brushless tools
  5. How to choose

Cordless screwdrivers have become in demand due to their mobility and capabilities. The lack of dependence on a power source allows you to solve much more construction problems.

Comparison of collector and brushless tools

As already noted, the efficiency of brushless motors is higher and amounts to 90%. In comparison with them, collectors have only 60%. This means that with the same battery capacity, the brushless screwdriver will work longer on a single charge, which is very important if the charging source is far away.

In this regard, we can say that the described equipment is much more efficient, but the user is often stopped by its cost. Since any, even the most expensive, tool breaks down sooner or later, most prefer to work with cheap Chinese products. But if you want to take a unit that will last a long time, then you should know the main selection criteria that a modern user should rely on.

Advantages and disadvantages

Among the advantages are:

  • The ability to adjust the speed. At the same time, the user has a wide range of settings for this indicator, depending on the work performed and the working surface.
  • There is no collector-brush assembly in the design of such a unit, so the tool breaks less often when used correctly, and maintenance does not cause problems.
  • The screwdriver is better able to handle heavy loads associated with increased torque.
  • Battery energy is consumed economically.
  • The efficiency of such equipment is 90%.
  • The ability to use the screwdriver in a hazardous environment with the presence of an explosive gas mixture, since there is no arcing.
  • Miniature dimensions and low weight.
  • In both directions of operation, one power is maintained.
  • Even an increased load does not cause a decrease in speed.

Disadvantages:

  • Impressive value.
  • The large size of the screwdriver, which makes it difficult to work with an outstretched arm and in hard-to-reach places.

What is a brushless motor

The development of semiconductor electronics in the 1970s led to the realization that the commutator and brushes should be eliminated in DC motors. In a brushless motor, an electronic amplifier replaces the mechanical switching of the contacts. An electronic sensor detects the angle of rotation of the rotor and is responsible for monitoring the semiconductor switches. Elimination of sliding contacts reduced friction and increased the life of the screwdrivers.

Such a motor provides higher efficiency and less susceptibility to mechanical wear. Brushless motors have several advantages over brushed motors:

  • Higher torque;
  • Increased reliability;
  • Noise reduction;
  • Long service life.

The insides of the motor can be completely closed and protected from dirt or moisture. By converting electricity into mechanical force, brushless motors are more efficient.

The speed depends on the voltage, but does not depend on the centrifugal force, and the motor operates in the set mode. Even with current leakage or magnetization, such a unit does not reduce performance, and the rotation speed coincides with the torque.

When using such a motor, there is no need to use a winding and a commutator, and the magnet in the design is characterized by a small mass and size.

Brushless motors are used in devices whose power is in the limit of up to 5 kW. It is irrational to use them in equipment of higher power. over, the magnets in the design are sensitive to magnetic fields and high temperatures.

Operating modes

The main mode of operation for a screwdriver is tightening and unscrewing the fasteners. But, in addition to the main one, you can find a tool with:

  • Impulse – designed to break a tightly seated or rusted screw from its place;
  • By blow – helps to carry out light finishing operations, but cannot fully replace the punch, in most cases it is used to screw self-tapping screws into solid materials;
  • Drilling – allows you to get holes of a certain diameter, which corresponds to the diameter of the drill.

Mains or battery

Depending on the method of obtaining power, all screwdrivers are divided into mains and cordless. The first option receives power supply via a power cord, they are much more efficient due to constant power and due to the absence of the need to monitor the amount of charge. But, in comparison with cordless screwdrivers, they cannot be used in places where there is no 220 V electrical network; they are also quite heavy. A separate drawback of network screwdrivers is power supply from a dangerous voltage level, while rechargeable ones are powered by low voltage and do not pose a threat to the worker in case of breakdowns.

Cordless screwdrivers are distinguished by their mobility – they can be used in places where there is no power supply at all or where it is impractical to carry a bulky tool with you. Such models are relatively light in weight and dimensions, but they are more expensive and can be discharged at the most inopportune moment. The main parameter that you should pay attention to when choosing a cordless screwdriver is the type of its battery and its capacity.

Technical specifications

In addition to the above differences, each screwdriver should be selected according to a number of technical parameters. To do this, carefully study each of them, and decide which one is best for you.