Do-it-yourself band saw. Blueprints. Video.
To make a saw yourself is a painstaking and difficult, but quite feasible task. The easiest way to make a homemade band saw is on a wooden frame. you don’t have to cook anything, and almost everyone has carpentry tools.
Frame assembly
For the frame, it is better to choose strong and solid wood, otherwise the design will turn out to be unreliable and will vibrate. Some elements, such as the desktop, can be made of plywood, and ribs for rigidity are edged with rails. The cheapest option is to disassemble the old furniture by placing the plywood on the pulleys and table. For a support bar, a maple beam is suitable.
First of all, you need to decide on the drawings, according to which the frame will be assembled in the future. So, the size of the band saw itself will depend on the height of the working room. It is necessary to think over in advance the convenient table height, the length of the rod and the diameter of the pulleys. Drawings can be both conditional, reflecting only the general dimensions, and detailed, as in the photo.
Mounting rods and pulley bearings
The simplest do-it-yourself band saw is on a wooden C-shaped frame, where the support rod is made of a bar with a thickness of at least 8×8 cm, to which two supports are attached from one (conditionally back) part.
Pulleys will be supported on them. Such supports are best made of strong material, multilayer plywood with a strong core is allowed.
The distance between the supports must be selected so that the logs needed for sawing fit there. In any case, it is recommended to make the distance "with a margin" so that there are no problems in the future.
Desktop Assembly
The height of the table should be comfortable for working on it, and at the same time accommodate the lower pulley and drive pulley, motor and a large number of chips. The form itself can be any, often it is made in the form of a closed cabinet, serving as a container for sawdust.
It is advisable to provide a simple way to open the table and the waste tray. so it will be much more convenient to clean the saw.
The table top can be installed directly on the lower support. If the height of the lower support is not enough, they make a simple stand for the entire structure, lifting it to the desired height.
Cutting pulleys and securing them to supports
The diameter of the belt drive pulleys can be chosen arbitrarily, but the larger the pulley, the longer and better the saw works. In this case, you need to choose the right blade, the ideal ratio is 1/1000 of the blade to the diameter of the pulley. Thus, for forty centimeter pulleys, the tape should be 4 mm. But with proper operation, even on narrow pulleys, you can safely work with 6 mm canvases.
The diameter of the belt drive pulley must be selected depending on the diameter of the main pulleys, belt length and engine speed.
1. The circumference of the saw pulley is calculated: D = 3.14 pulley diameter.
2. On average, the speed of the web should be 30 m / s.
3. The number of revolutions is determined: O = 30 / D;
4. The ratio (C) of engine revolutions (OM) to the belt drive pulley revolutions is calculated: C = OM / O;
5. The diameter of the drive pulley = D / C.
The edge of the blade pulleys is made convex, with an angle of 5-10 degrees. thanks to this, the saw blade is self-centered and does not fall.
But on the belt drive pulley it is better to make a shallow groove in which the belt will be located. The pulleys can be covered with ordinary cameras from a bicycle or a wheelbarrow.
The diameter is selected one to two sizes smaller than the pulley. Such rubber covering prevents slipping of a cloth.
The upper pulley is mounted on a movable block, which must move horizontally, providing tension to the belt.
For this, a special lifting mechanism is provided. The simplest option is a beam located under the block and attached to the lever with a very tight spring. By pressing the lever, the beam lifts the block with a pulley, providing the required tension.
It is necessary to provide a method of securing the lever in a predetermined position, for example, by several bolts located at different levels. The spring will provide the necessary pressure and at the same time it will extinguish the voltage, preventing the tape from breaking.
The lower block consists of two pulleys fixed on the axis. driven and driven.
It is important to correctly balance the upper and lower pulleys in the same plane, minimizing the “eight” when the wheels move.
It is convenient to use self-aligning bearings to fasten the upper pulley, which allows you to quickly remove and put on the wheels.
But they need to be attached to the pulleys as tightly as possible, otherwise the bearings will loosen very quickly. After fastening the wheels on the frame, a trial run of the saw should be carried out, observing maximum caution.
Installation of guides of a cloth
In order for the band saw on the tree to make an even cut and the blade not to be “squeezed” by the sawed tree, guides are mounted along the blunt end of the saw on a narrow beam.
The easiest option is to screw three roller bearings to the beam. The flat side of the canvas rests on one, the other two hold the tape tightly on the sides.
It is necessary to perfectly align the guides at the attachment point on the support, otherwise even a microscopic deviation in the vertical direction can result in 3 mm at the opposite end. It is best to note the position of the beam with the canvas stretched as far as possible and the guides already mounted. This ensures their exact position relative to the saw blade.
Instead of two bearings on the sides, wooden stops can be made. Also, it will not be superfluous to install additional guides under the countertop, and not just from above.
Keep in mind that the guides should be as close as possible to the workpiece, ideally at a distance of 3-4 cm from the log. Therefore, if you plan to saw pieces of different thicknesses, it makes sense to adjust the height of the guides.
Finishing finish
A saw made of wood is ready for use after assembly, but it is better to make a casing covering the upper pulley.
This does not so much pursue aesthetic goals as it serves security. even if the tape slides off the pulley, it will linger in the casing.
It will not be superfluous to make a chip container, which is easy to remove and empty.
It is better to remove the belt drive from under the table so that sawdust does not fall on it. To protect the engine, it is also recommended to arrange a casing to prevent the ingress of dust and other particles.
Finishing wood with varnish or paint will not only extend the service life, but also protect your hands from unpleasant rolling pins and slivers of unprocessed wood. Previously, all surfaces need to be sanded and treated with antiseptics that prevent decay.
The video provides an overview of a homemade wooden saw and describes the benefits of such a solution:
You’ll like it
drawings and description of all elements
Owners of suburban areas and summer residents who like to engage in craftsmanship and manual work often have to deal with wood. It has always been considered one of the most popular DIY materials. Even today, when manufacturers around offer various composite, synthetic materials, wood remains relevant.
If a large construction project is planned, then the band saw will “untie” its hands when working with wood and lumber.
Frame
In order to make a band saw with your own hands, you will first have to master the frame construction scheme. For its construction, it is worth choosing a fairly hard wood.
The main components of the frame:
To make a makeshift frame more stable and stronger, you must first prepare a drawing, according to which the entire structure will be produced. Drawings are best done in detail, but with some knowledge you can get by with a schematic representation of the design. It is important first of all to calculate the optimal length of the canvas, the remaining dimensions can be adjusted.
It should be borne in mind that the finished band saw is quite high and requires certain conditions in the room where it will be installed.
Therefore, you need to calculate the optimal height with the possibility of installation in the workshop or other place where it will stand. It is also recommended to choose a tabletop height convenient for a particular master. The working surface (countertop) can be made from ordinary plywood.
Hardwood is taken for the frame.
The main structural support bar can be made of a solid beam, for example, maple or other wood.
In order to give additional stability to the frame, it is edged with rails. In some cases, even parts from old furniture can be used.
The diameter of the pulleys should be selected so that the structure is not too bulky, but at the same time provides a sufficient speed of movement of the canvas.
Pulley bar and bearings
The support bar must support 2 pulleys. bottom and top. Therefore, it is better to make it from a bar with a section of 80×80 millimeters or thicker. The wood must be strong, dry enough.
Bottom and top of the rod are mounted supports under the pulleys. Such supports can be made of different materials. One option is reinforced plywood of several layers. Both supports should be at a sufficient height from each other so that the largest logs with which the work will take place can pass through this distance. It is better to leave some stock with the prospect of future use. The axles of the pulleys are selected based on the characteristics of the blade and the motor, as described below.
Desktop
The main requirements for a work surface are its optimum height. Work at the countertop for the master should be convenient, so it should be high enough, but not too much.
You can also know to make a countertop in the form of a closed cabinet, then it will be able to accumulate sawdust remaining after processing the logs. To make cleaning the sawdust collector easier, you need to make the table in such a way that access to accumulated waste is open, for example, using the door.
The wood worktop in a band saw is usually installed on the lower support of the rod and additional supports, in some cases you can do with a simple additional support or supports connected to the rod. The main thing is that the weight distribution is optimal and the countertop does not roll over.
Pulleys
Pulley selection guidelines generally relate to their diameter. It is better to use large pulleys, as this guarantees a longer life for the saw. The thickness of the web will also depend on the diameter of the pulley. Typically a web is used that is 1000 times smaller than the diameter of the pulley.
Pulley for circular
Thus, for a 35-centimeter pulley, a canvas 3-4 mm thick is suitable. Experts say that in some cases it is possible to take thicker canvases (for example, up to 5 millimeters in this case), subject to proper operation.
In addition, you need to choose the right pulley for a belt drive, and this depends on the size of the main pulleys, the engine speed in revolutions per minute and the length of the blade itself. Calculate it as follows:
- First, calculate the length of the outer side of the circle C, for which its diameter D is multiplied by the Pi number (3.14): C = 3.14D.
- It is taken into account that the optimal speed of the saw should be about 28-32 meters per second (take an average value of 30).
- The number of required full revolutions per second is determined by dividing the number 30 by the obtained circumference O = 30 / C.
- After that, you need to calculate the number of gears that are received by dividing the engine speed W by the desired number of revolutions of the pulley O: K = W / O.
- The gear ratio K serves as a divider to determine the diameter of the drive pulley, that is, the diameter of the drive and working pulleys is related to the same number K: d = D / K.
Pulley rims should be convex with a curvature of up to 10 degrees. This allows the canvas not to fly, focusing on the circles. On the contrary, a small depression is prepared on the drive pulley so that the rubber does not slip out.
The manufactured pulley and its edge are usually tightly fitted with rubber, for example, from a bicycle wheel (camera).
In order for the web tension to be optimal and adjustable, the upper pulley is usually mounted on a block capable of moving in the horizontal direction. To do this, use the mount using a spring and a lever that acts on the unit, lifting it. This ensures proper depreciation and lack of returns. In this case, the lever must be fixed, for which use bolts at a certain height.
In the lower block there are two pulleys at once. the so-called driven and leading, which are located on 1 axis and are rigidly fixed. If their diameters differ, then the diameter of the driven pulley must be taken into account in calculating the number of gears instead of the drive, because since the number of revolutions is the same for them, the gear depends on the diameter of the pulley directly interacting with the motor.
When installing the upper and lower blocks, it is extremely important to install the pulleys under the canvas in the same plane. In this case, imbalance in the movement of each of them should be avoided. They should spin softly and smoothly.
Sometimes a bearing is used for the upper block, which helps to center, making it easier to put the circle in place and remove it.
Guides
To ensure that the homemade band saw does not break, and the tape does not slip out and pulled out of the pulley under pressure, guides are installed under the blunt edge of the saw. This is usually done using roller bearings that are mounted on wooden slats or bars. In this case, the bearings must both guide the tape from the sides and keep it behind.
The installation of a bar of guides is best done at the highest tension of the tape, choosing the best place for fastening the bar itself. This will avoid deviations in the course of work.
Sometimes, instead of bearings, wooden bars are used. For any type of rail, a good addition would be duplication of the rails from below under the countertop.
To avoid even the smallest deviations during the operation of the saw, the guides should be installed as close as possible to the workpieces. The best option for guides is a design with removable bars and their adjustable height.
End of work
From above, the pulley should be closed with plywood, which will save the canvas when it falls. Due to this, the saw lingers in the case and does not injure those working at the installation.
Belt drive must be protected by a protective cover.
If the bottom is equipped with a collection box for sawdust and shavings, then it is better to place a bucket in it or make a separate container to make it easier to get rid of waste.
It is imperative to protect against the transmission of various wastes on the transmission belt. In order to do this, it should be brought out, away from the table, while closing it with a protective casing. The same must be done with the engine to prevent its pollution.
Wooden surfaces can be treated with paints and varnishes. This will help the tree be in operation longer, and will save the hands of the master from splintering. Impregnation pretreatment, grinding and antiseptic are welcome.
Such a band saw will last a long time and help to perform a wide range of work. The main thing is to comply with safety rules, do not drink AL-Kol before work and so on. Then the woodwork will turn into a useful, effective and enjoyable activity for any craftsman.
How does a do-it-yourself band saw
Band Saws relate to high-performance equipment that allows you to cut curly and straight contours. The working tool is a flexible tape made of steel, closed in a ring, equipped on one edge with a series of teeth.
Aggregates began to be widely used only at the end of the XIX century, despite the fact that first patent for a saw was received back in 1808 by an English designer. Then in the coming years, such inventions were registered in France and the United States. The reason for this dislike for the band saw was the inability to accurately connect the cutting blade.
Description of Band Saws
Two rotatable wheels supporting the belt are placed on the bed. They are driven by a drive coming from an electric motor. Cutting tape it is fixed by two rollers and an emphasis near to a desktop, its adjustment is provided. The size of the teeth on the saw blade determine the size of the unit and the type of operation, as in hand saws. Teeth are sharpened in the shape of a universal profile.
To close the strip of the cutting blade into the ring, use soldering copper solder, so fasten the ends together and connect the gap in the repair. In the factory, the soldering is carried out by electric welding, small workshops use a torch or special tongs.
Varieties of aggregates
They are available in three types:
- units with a gear canvas;
- toothless friction machines;
- electric spark saws.
From a hacksaw blade, a strip of a gear saw differs in size in length and is made in the form of a ring, but they do not differ in appearance when open. Toothed strips are used for installation in tape machines for metal or wood, they are used in meat and fish production for cutting carcasses, in industry foam concrete, mineral insulation, polystyrene and other building materials are cut with their help.
The principle of tape toothless friction is applied according to the same principle as the circular friction saws. The teeth are also located on the working blade, but their shape does not contribute to cutting, but to the heating of the treated layer. Heat generation in this case increases the performance of the unit. The cutting blade in friction saws is made with a thickness of 0.6-1.7 mm, with a width of 6 to 26 mm.
The electric spark action of the saw is used when cutting workpieces with a thickness of 150-400 mm, which are not amenable to processing with circular saws due to the diseased pitch and diameter, causing a strong beating.
Types of material for paintings
Strips of steel made of high carbon are most often used for cutting wood, carbide-tipped blades and bimetallic strips. The bimetallic option provides a flexible canvas and hard teeth, for which two types of metal are used. The base of the strip is made of a springy material, with it using an electron-beam type of welding, an instrument quick-cutting wire is welded, from which a gear profile is subsequently milled.
They produce canvases that are universal in application and special saws used for specific steels. The area of use is selected taking into account the parameters of the teeth:
- fineness;
- hardness;
- geometry;
- wiring.
For cutting large workpieces, strips with large teeth are used, in particular, blades with oversized elements are used to process sheet metal of significant sizes. To avoid runout of the web and resonance phenomena, teeth of different sizes are fixed on the same strip (variable pitch).
Hardness of cutting elements Depends on this indicator of steel. Most often, in the manufacture of teeth, metal with the designation M42 is used (this means the hardness of the edge according to the Vickers category. 950 units). To process tool steel, this indicator is not enough, therefore, it is taken tooth hardness M71 (100 units according to Vickers), work of medium complexity require hardness M51.
The geometric shape is determined by the angle of sharpening and the profile of the cutting element. To cut the profile (channel, corner, tee, I-beam, pipe) in size, it is necessary to form teeth with reinforced backs. This is dictated by the special shape of the profile, when cutting which there is a shock and vibration, leading to the occurrence of chips and cracks. To process a viscous stainless steel or other materials with similar indicators, the teeth are sharp, a significant gap is left between them.
The wiring of the cutting elements is done depending on the size and massiveness of the processed material. For example, to prevent pinching when cutting solid solid material, strips are used on the saw with alternating narrow and wide wiring.
Types of saws depending on the work with the material
The following categorization is based on the processing material:
- for stone;
- for metal;
- for wood;
- for synthetics.
Work with solid materials (metal, stone) is carried out by a tool, in which the working saw blade is reinforced with heavy-duty teeth from the corresponding alloys. Wrong choice of saw blade leads to its rupture and damage to the edges on the workpiece. Before buying saws determine the front of further work.
The device and assembly of the tape machine
The unit for sawing various materials can be made independently; in the workshops, band saws work perfectly. With your own hands, you can assemble a saw at the lowest cost and provide all the details of the work.
Video: How Many Turns Should Be On A Band Saw
Joinery units for sawing tape-type wood have a working table at the base, working and additional elements are located on it, a cutting blade supported by two wheels is fed in a circular motion. Adequate space is required for the device and installation of full-fledged equipment, since the equipment along with the supply line is large.
You can make a portable tabletop machine for manual sawing with your own hands, but in a small space of the workshop you can not dissolve the logs on the boards.
Frame device
For the bed, solid wood is chosen to avoid vibration. The surface of the desktop can be made of thick plywood, and the side ribs are edged with slats or metal. The support bar is made in the form of a beam. Preliminary, a schematic drawing is made, the dimensions of the details on which depend on the horizontal dimensions and the height of the workshop. Indicated in advance the height of the frame, the diameter of the pulleys and the length of the rods. You can make an accurate detail drawing, which is more convenient for assembly.
The height of the table for work is provided in a comfortable size, while a place is provided for accommodating the drive and lower pulley, waste chips and the engine itself. The shape of the table can be any, but often the bed is made in the form of a curbstone with closed sides, at the same time serving to accumulate chips. Easy opening for easy cleaning.
The countertop is located directly on the frame. Sometimes the height of the lower bed is not enough, in this case, make a strong extension to raise the surface of the desktop to the desired height.
Mounting the boom and pulleys
The support rod is made of a bar profile with a cross section of at least 8 × 8 centimeters. Two supports are attached to it from the side taken as a conditionally rear surface, on which pulleys (wheels) will be located. The supports are made of strong material, glued plywood with a solid skeleton is allowed. The distance between the wheels is chosen so that the sawn log passes with a margin on the sides.
Pulley diameter chosen arbitrarily, an increase in the indicator leads to better work. There is an unwritten rule for selection, according to which the ratio of the cutting blade to the diameter of the pulley is 1/1000. For example, for a 4 mm wide belt, the wheel diameter should be 400 mm.
The diameter of the wheel for tensioning the belt drive is selected depending on the length of the cutting tape, the diameter of the main pulleys and the engine speed.
The edge of the pulleys for the fabric is made slightly convex, about 5-10˚, which contributes to the self-centering of the tape, which is why it does not go to the side and does not fall. A shallow groove is provided on the drive pulley to locate the belt there. Usually for pulley tightening use bicycle cameras, the rubber of which prevents the ribbon from jumping off.
The upper pulley is mounted on a horizontally moving block to select a belt tension. To do this, you need a lifting mechanism, a simple version of which is a beam connected by a spring to the lever and located under the block. The lever is fastened with several bolts at different levels, and the spring provides the required pressure.
The lower pulley is composed of two wheels (master and driven) located on the axle. It is important to balance the lower and upper pulleys in the plane, minimizing the appearance of "eights". The upper pulley is conveniently mounted with self-aligning bearings, firmly fixed to the wheels. After completion of the assembly of the indicated stage, a test run of the unit is carried out for a short time.
Installation of guides for cloths
In order for the saw to cut the material evenly and the tape not to be pressed, guides are installed on a narrow beam along the blunt saw end. A common version of the device is three bearings located on a beam, one of which lies on the flat side of the sheet, the other two support it from the sides. Sometimes on the sides instead of bearings, limiters are made of wood.
The guides are aligned at the reference point, so that there is no vertical deviation at the opposite end, for convenience, the position of the beam is noted with the canvas laid out stretch.
The process of soldering the cutting tape
Soldering in the workshop is as follows:
- places at the junction of the blade are ground at both ends, a brass strip is placed between the surfaces;
- for the manufacture of strips cut a piece of brass (0.3-0.4 mm) across the width of the saw blade, moisten and sprinkle powder on both sides with borax powder;
- mite sponges are heated in an accessible way (gas burner or hearth) to a bright red color, applied to the adhesion site and pressed;
- the strip is heated by hot sponges, the brass melts and spreads, and the drill works in the form of a flux, which prevents the oxidation of the solder when heated;
- the mites do not remove until the joint is completely cooled and the solder solidifies; after they are removed, the adhesion site is moistened with a wet sponge for hardening;
- inspect the joint, its hardness should correspond to the canvas;
- if the junction is solid, the mite heating procedure is repeated until a straw-colored adhesion occurs, gradually cooled;
- soft adhesion requires another hot mite heating and sharper cooling;
- so that the sponges of the mites in the process do not solder to the saw strip, a chalk solution with liquid glass is applied to their contact surfaces;
- for installation and tension on the lower and upper pulley use the handle, the correct location on the discs and rollers emphasis checked by rotation, adjust the correct passage;
- briefly turn on the unit and additionally adjust if necessary.
Installation of additional guides
The ideal position for the guides is considered to be a distance of 30-40 mm from the log, no longer recommended. If wood of different widths will bloom on the band saw, it is better to consider the possibility of adjusting the guide elements.
After these assembly steps, the band saw is ready for use, but for safety reasons, a protective cover is required to be installed on the upper pulley. This is done in case the fast-moving belt slides off the pulley. so it lingers on the casing.
The chip storage container is easy to reach and clean. Since waste collection is usually carried out in the lower part of the bed, the belt drive is brought into the lateral space so that it does not become clogged with chips. The engine is also covered by a casing of dust and waste processing.
So that the wood of the machine does not deteriorate for a long time, it is treated with varnish, previously applying antiseptic preparations.
Do-it-yourself band saw on wood: drawings, diagrams, tips
The inhabitants of their own houses, who prefer to do everything on their own with their own hands, often need to cut wooden blanks. Buying a finished device for these purposes is quite expensive. Making a band saw on wood with your own hands is not an easy task, but for a hardworking person it is quite feasible. The main motivation is to save money, since old disassembled furniture and other improvised material can be used to create structural elements.
Design and scope of band saw
A band saw assembled using the provided technology can be used both at home and for industrial purposes, for example, at a private sawmill or a small woodworking enterprise.
Depending on the specific application, the design of the tape apparatus may vary somewhat, but the basic elements are always the same:
Band Saw Design
- Stable frame. predominantly wooden, since welding is not necessary for its manufacture, which greatly facilitates the assembly process.
- Electric motor. ensures the functioning of the apparatus (for a home band saw, a drill connected to the pulley shaft is suitable).
- Pulleys. rotating mechanisms that are installed on the frame of the apparatus, provide fastening and movement of the saw blade.
- Cutting tape. a sharp saw blade moving quickly and sawing a wooden workpiece (there are types for metal and polypropylene).
- Other structural elements. belts, countertops, guides, a protective casing, a container for collecting sawdust and others.
The main advantages of a wood saw
Compared to other types of sawing machines, a band saw on wood has a number of significant advantages:
Band Saw Work
- High performance and low heat dissipation.
- High speed, precision and cut quality.
- Excellent maneuverability, allowing you to cut not only straight, but also curly blanks.
- Safety. the use of a tape saw is much safer than its disk or chain variety.
For a homemade band saw, the main advantage is the low cost of manufacture and use.
The process of making a do-it-yourself band saw on wood
Making band saws with your own hands is a responsible and time-consuming process, but the cost savings, availability and quality of work performed compensate for this.
Frame Requirements and Preparation
Homemade Band Saw Drawing
For the manufacture of the supporting frame, you should choose a thick beam of hard wood (maple is perfect). This is necessary so that the design of the machine withstands future loads and does not vibrate during the sawing operation.
Initially, you need to develop a drawing of the future band saw. It can be schematic or detailed, indicating the dimensions of each element of the apparatus. The height of the frame directly depends on the size of the room and the features of the planned use. It is necessary to consider the height of the table, its dimensional characteristics, the diameter of the pulleys and the length of the supporting beam. After all the calculations, individual elements are made from improvised material.
Frame mounting
The band saw frame is a C-shaped base, consisting of a supporting beam and two pulley bearings fixed on it, for the manufacture of which thick multilayer plywood can be used. The supports should be installed at a sufficient distance from each other, taking into account the specifics and dimensions of the materials planned for cutting on the machine.
Tooth profile and designation
Table assembly
The dimensions and height of the desktop are selected individually for each master. An important requirement is that two pulleys (driven and driven), an electric motor and a chip box should be placed under the table. Often the workplace is performed in the form of a closed cabinet, which contains all the described details. The countertop must have a slot for the cutting tape.
Pulley installation
The diameter of the pulleys can be any, but it must correspond to the dimensions of the entire apparatus. To work with wide webs, you should choose wheels with a large diameter and thickness. The ends of the driven wheels should be convex, which ensures self-centering of the cutting blade, and the lead (belt pulley) with a recess, which ensures reliable fastening of the belts.
The method of installation of the guide band saw
It is necessary to pull bicycle chambers on the ends of the wheels to protect the tree, or you can wrap them in several layers of electrical tape, but this method is suitable only for small devices.
To adjust the belt tension, the upper pulley must be mounted on a movable unit equipped with a handle, during rotation of which the wheel is pulled up, as well as a special screw that loosens or fixes the structure. The lifting mechanism can be any that is left to the discretion of the master. Instead of a bar, a handle and a screw, a lever, a very tight spring and bolts provided at different levels can very well be used.
The lower part of the apparatus consists of two wheels mounted on one shaft. The cutting blade is pulled onto the first wheel parallel to the top, and the second acts as a drive and is connected by belts to the electric motor.
Canvas selection
The main parameters of the canvas
Machine Settings
Before starting work, the band saw is carefully prepared and tested at idle. It is necessary to check that:
Scheme for adjusting the position of the tape on the band saw pulley
- the wheels are located strictly parallel to each other, and their rotation is easy, smooth, without jerking and beating;
- the cutting tape is well stretched and is located strictly perpendicular to the working plane.
Failure to comply with these requirements can lead, at best, to a curvature of the cut, and in the worst case, to the slipping of the tape off the wheels, which is dangerous for the health and life of the master. An excellent constructive solution is the installation of guides made in the form of a bar and three roller bearings holding the tape (instead of two side bars, wooden bars can be used. limiters). The safety of the entire structure will be ensured by a special casing consisting of two separate parts covering the pulleys.
Possible problems
In the manufacture of a tape saw machine, some difficulties may arise:
- You need to be able to prepare drawings and work with them.
- You will need a variety of equipment, such as a jigsaw, a circular saw, a drill, a screwdriver and more.
- It is necessary to ensure the stability of the entire structure in order to subsequently process heavy materials.
List of drawbacks of a band saw for wood
The do-it-yourself band saw for wood, in addition to the advantages, has several disadvantages:
- This sawing machine can only be stationary and unsuitable for transportation to different places.
- It is large and takes up a lot of space.
- During operation, the device makes a loud noise.
- The sawing area is limited.
Schemes for installing workpieces and determining the maximum cutting length
Related video: DIY band saw
Do-it-yourself band saw on wood: diagram, drawings
Making a band saw on wood with your own hands is a complex and painstaking process, but it is quite doable. The most affordable option is such a saw, assembled on the basis of a wooden frame. This avoids the use of welding, you only need a set of necessary carpentry tools.
See also: What is the smallest chainsaw
Beginning of work
Armed with tools, we can proceed to the initial stages of the general process, and we will begin by assembling the frame of the band saw. To do this, it is desirable to give preference to hard and strong wood species, which will ensure the reliability of the structure and prevent vibrations.
See also: Why the chainsaw stalls when you press the gas
If you approach the issue from the point of view of economy, you can use the old furniture, just sorting out unnecessary items. over, plywood is ideal for pulleys and tables. It is necessary to make appropriate drawings taking into account the height of the room where the work will be carried out. They can reflect conditional or detailed data.
See also: Step-by-step sharpening of the chainsaw chains on the machine
Pay attention to the following points:
- The frame is most practical to do with a C-shape.
- The vertical support rod should be made of timber with dimensions not less than 8 by 8 cm, to which 2 supports and pulleys will later be attached.
- To manufacture the supports themselves, you need a strong material or multilayer plywood with a strong core. Be sure to calculate the distance between them. Logs for cutting should be placed in it without problem, so it is better to do everything with a margin.
Next, we proceed to the assembly of the work surface and table. Dimensions, and in particular height, are selected individually, taking into account the fact that pulleys, a drive, an engine and partially waste (chips) will be placed on it. Experts advise installing the tabletop on the lower support, but if there is not enough height, then a simple stand is made over the entire area of the structure, which will make it possible to adjust this parameter.
Now you can proceed to cutting the pulleys and their further fastening. The diameter is chosen arbitrarily, but do not forget that the larger it is, the higher the productivity and duration of the homemade saw. This stage also has important points:
- You need to choose the right blade, where its normal ratio to the diameter of the pulley is 1 to 1 thousand, for example, if there is a 40 cm pulley, the tape will be 4 mm. As for the pulley for a belt drive, its diameter depends on several data. the same indicator of the main pulley, engine speed and the length of the belt itself.
- Do not lose sight of the convenience and ease of opening the table, as well as the waste tray.
- A small ditch needs to be done on the belt drive pulley. the belt will be located there.
- So that the canvas does not slip, it can be wrapped with rubber from bicycle cameras.
Mounting on a movable block awaits the upper pulley. A fairly simple way is the presence of a beam, which will be located under the block and will be connected directly to the lever with a special tight spring. The process is simple. press the lever, and the beam will lift the entire block without losing tension.
Final stages
Having passed the first stages, we pass to the series of final ones. Let’s talk about installing the guide web. If you do not complicate your life, then it is possible to apply the following method: attaching 3 roller bearings to the beam. One holds the flat side, the other two fix the tape on the sides. The function of two bearings can also be performed by wooden stops. It is worth paying attention to the installation of guides of an additional type, which are located under the countertop itself, then the desktop design will become more versatile.
Consider at this stage the nuance that the location of the guides should be as close as possible to the workpiece. An ideal distance is about 3 or 4 cm from the intended log. Those who plan to cut / sharpen material with a completely different thickness should consider creating guides that will adjust the height.
The final process is finishing. Since the saw made by hand after assembly is ready for operation, you need to think about creating a casing for the upper pulley in advance, this will save it from the influence of various external factors. According to experts, this step greatly contributes to security. If the tape slides off the pulley, it will be in this casing and will not harm you.
At the final stage, it is advisable to open the saw with varnish or paint. This will not only increase the service life, but will also become a kind of protection against the effects of chips and rolling pins that arise in the process of working with raw wood. Do not forget to sand the surface first, as well as apply antiseptics and anti-decay agents.
drawings and manufacturing tips
For a good host, having all the necessary equipment is happiness. It is especially important to have various devices for people who live in their own home. For example, a home-made band saw will greatly facilitate the work with wooden products. At the same time, as is already clear, the device can be built from improvised materials.
Areas of application and unit design
In principle, the device is used at sawmills in industrial or domestic conditions. It has certain advantages and disadvantages, but it is used very widely.
The device of this unit is quite simple. An electric motor and pulleys are mounted on a stable frame. The cutting blade joins them. Thanks to the engine, the operation of the apparatus is ensured. Depending on the type of blade, you have the opportunity to cut not only wood, but also metals, alloys, polypropylene.
Advantages and disadvantages of the device
Do-it-yourself band saw is fast enough. Naturally, in this case, you must follow all the requirements of the drawing and be accurate. However, you should first decide whether to do it. To do this, you must definitely consider all the pros and cons of the unit. So, among the advantages we can distinguish the following:
Naturally, a band saw, which you can do with your own hands in a few days, is not without drawbacks. For example, with such a device you can only make longitudinal cuts, since its design will not allow you to do something else. During operation, the machine can emit strong noise and vibration. In addition, the device is large. If you decide to make such a machine yourself, then you will have to use special equipment.
If you are not afraid of flaws, then such an apparatus can bring a lot of benefit to the owner.
Which canvas should I choose?
Do-it-yourself band saw can be made from those materials that can be found at home. However, the canvas will have to buy. Before this, it is worth deciding what exactly it should be. To do this, you need to know what you are going to cut. So, there are such canvases:
1. Bimetallic. They are used for cutting sufficiently strong alloys, stainless steel. In this case, you can be sure that the tape does not burst.
2. Diamond. They are used if it is necessary to process marble, granite, quartz and other hardest materials.
3. Carbide. They can be used for cutting alloys that are quite difficult to work with.
4. Made of tool steel. Such canvases are most often used at home or in small workshops. They are most suitable for working with simple materials.
Varieties of machine tools
Before you start making band saws, you should understand their types. There is such a classification of devices:
What materials are needed for manufacturing?
It should be noted that not all construction can be built from improvised means. Therefore, before making a band saw, you need to collect the necessary details:
1. Wooden boards, chipboard, MDF or plywood. A frame and a stand for saws, as well as pulleys, are made from these materials.
3. Channel and steel bar. These parts are used to make the support frame and the axis on which the pulleys will be mounted.
4. Sheet rubber. It is used to protect wood.
5. A durable belt that will ensure the rotation of the wheels on the machine.
6. Polyurethane adhesive for joining some parts.
7. Fasteners: self-tapping screws, brackets, bolts, washers and rubber gaskets.
9. The electric motor. You should not buy a very expensive model. Just decide what power the machine should have.
In this way, a do-it-yourself band saw can be constructed. Drawings of this design should be done, calculating each step as accurately as possible. Naturally, all the schemes you can find are ready-made.
Essential tool
In order to start making a band saw with your own hands, you need to prepare. You need these tools:
Naturally, other tools may be needed. For example, a milling machine.
Instructions for the manufacture and assembly of the apparatus
Now we should start the production of the presented unit. To do this, you will have to carry out several stages:
1. If you decide to make such an assembly as a band saw with your own hands, you should already have drawings. They are the key to success. It’s worth starting with the construction of a table and a pedestal on which the mechanism will be fixed. To do this, you need a furniture panel or wood.
2. Next, plywood pulleys are made, which are subsequently glued with sheet rubber. Wooden elements must be sanded and coated with epoxy.
3. Now you can make a frame for assembling the entire device. It can have a C-shape, which provides good retention of the tape. The supporting frame is made of a channel on which a steel axis is worn.
4. Now we will deal with the pulleys. They must be worn on the axis with the help of bushings, and at its different ends. Naturally, both pulleys must be balanced.
5. To prevent the tape from vibrating, a damper must be used.
6. All movable parts should be connected to the electric motor.
7. You can also build a guiding mechanism by which the processed material will be fed. For this, metal corners are used.
Features of setting up the device
Homemade wood band saw should be carefully prepared for work. To do this, it should be tested and tuned. The cutting tape must be strictly at right angles. Any slight skew can stop the machine and become life threatening.
Note that the cutting tape should be as tight as possible. Use a driven pulley for adjustment. It is with his help that you can properly adjust your machine. It should also be noted that the welding of band saws used in the manufacture (do it yourself with your own hands is quite simple) will provide good strength and stability of the machine.
Sharpening a saw
Naturally, any equipment needs periodic repair and inspection. For example, sharpening band saws with your own hands is quite simple. The main thing is to know its technology. A special machine is used for work. All work consists of several stages:
1. Initial sharpening (eliminates cracks that appear, restores the symmetry and profile of the teeth).
2. Cleaning the cloth from sawdust and dust.
3. Wiring (to restore the rear and front corners).
4. Final sharpening. It eliminates all distortion and sharpens the teeth.
If you do not have experience sharpening saws, then all actions should be done as carefully as possible. The quality of the device depends on this procedure. If you are not confident in your abilities, then invite an experienced specialist.
What problems can arise during the manufacture of the apparatus?
First of all, for some work you will need sophisticated equipment. For example, not every master knows how to use a welding machine. Not everyone has milling machines. Keep in mind that the entire structure must be stable. In this case, one should not forget about the mass of the material that will be processed.
Not everyone can figure out a drawing. Note that the disadvantage of this device is a fairly wide cut. In general, if you want to build such a unit yourself, stock up on the necessary tools, materials and patience.
Features of the saw
Even after you can make the presented design, you should learn to use it correctly. For example, try to comply with all necessary safety rules. Please note that in some cases the blade may burst, so if you are not sure of the strength of its fastening, then you are not too close to the machine.
Observe the following rules for operating the device:
That’s all the features of making and using a band saw. Please note that this device requires proper care. If you see that it does not work correctly, then it is better to wait a while with the start of its operation. Be careful and careful.
bimetal, desktop, vertical, video DIY installation instructions, how to choose, technical specifications, repair, tension, drawings, photos and price
All photos from the article
The photo shows a vertical band saw in action.
As for the machines, the canvas in them can be located both vertically and horizontally. The positive and negative qualities of the products are described below.
Pros and cons of the device
List of Important Benefits
- The economical use is primarily due to the relatively small thickness of the cut.
- A high level of productivity is achieved thanks to a sufficiently high cutting speed.
- The low price of products provides an opportunity to significantly expand the range of key consumers.
- A long period of operation of the device is provided due to the special design.
- When used, excessive noise is not created, which means that the work takes place in comfortable conditions.
It looks like a band saw on a tree.
Some disadvantages
- When setting up, inexperienced users may experience problems, since this process is quite complicated.
- In connection with the presence of a closed system on the opposite side, a protective mechanism must necessarily be arranged.
- Due to design features, the product is more suitable for longitudinal cutting.
Note! The choice between a manual and a stationary device is made depending on the type of work being carried out. Small tools are convenient in operation, but cannot be used for cutting volumetric elements.
The products involved are of manual type.
Selection of finished products
There are not many people who know how to choose the right band saws for wood. Therefore, those who are not up to date are invited to familiarize themselves with the main recommendations and criteria. In the acquisition process, the technical characteristics of the model should be taken into account first.
General points
The accuracy of the cutting mode is determined by the feed and cutting speeds. There are recommended ranges in which the operation should be performed.
With increased productivity, the durability of the canvas decreases. This must be taken into account when choosing.
Particular attention should be paid to the device manufacturer. If he has a good reputation and has been operating for a long time, then in most cases his products are of high quality.
Carefully inspect the main components: a portal, a moving mechanism, guiding elements, rollers and pulleys.
For sawing timber, a portal made of square pipes with reinforcing profiles should be selected. Lack of additional rigidity can lead to deformation of the main body. However, minor work can be done without additional amplification, which will positively affect the cost of the product.
The model Bison ZPL-350-190 is demonstrated.
Reliable manufacturers make guiding parts from solid metal. When using conventional pipes, bends can be detected after some time, and this leads to additional difficulties in the maintenance of the device.
In terms of safety, it is recommended to purchase products with double insulation or a separate grounding plug. Around the area intended for work, there should be good visibility. An additional plus can be considered the presence of a special locking switch.
Wood band saw specifications can vary greatly depending on the type of device. For comparison, a table is presented, which shows the parameters for the three models of the stationary type.