Coulter for power tillers, what is it and how to install it correctly, how to adjust and regulate the opener with your own hands
Besides a good cultivator the gardener will need to buy a variety of additional attachments, which are also presented in a wide range, so everyone can pick up the necessary mechanism, from the plow and tillers and ending with a trailer and snow blower.
Let’s look at the varieties of plow and tiller on such a popular among consumers motor-block, such as the Neva.
Single-axle tractor Neva MB-1 is equipped with an American engine Briggs Stratton RS950, the capacity of which is 6.5 liters.с., or a Japanese Subaru EXR16 with 6 hp.с. Suitable for sandy, sandy loam and loam soil treatment, it can be used for cargo transportation and territory cleaning. Allows for plow, tiller and other attachments. It is desirable to buy a support wheel on this tiller, the presence of which will facilitate the work on loosening the soil, as it will not allow “bury” the unit in the ground. For its weight of 70 kg it is quite maneuverable and qualitatively performs its tasks.
Neva MB-2 has a mass of 98 kg, as additional equipment it has an electric starter and a headlight. Included in the kit of milling machines consists of 8 mechanisms.
MB-23 is the most powerful machine, which is included in this group of power tillers. Its mass of 105 kg allows to perform the heaviest works with a plough.
MB-23SD. a modification of the previous model, but with a weight of 115 kg and capacity depending on the installed engine. It is equipped with power tillers and a plow.
The Neva with a gearbox Multi AGRO, which has more gears, the engine has less power, but it handles traction functions perfectly, it has a smaller turning radius, the body of the walking tractor has internal ribs.
MB-1 has either a Japanese Honda engine of 5.8 liters.с., either American Briggs Stratton with a capacity of 6 and 6.5 hp.с. It has 1 reverse and 3 forward gears.
The MB-2 is equipped with a Briggs Stratton or Honda engine rated at 6.5 and 5.8 liters.с.
Every Neva power tiller described above can be fitted with a plough, tillers and other attachments.
Plow for the Neva power tiller
Varieties of plow for the Neva motoblock. To save the cutters and keep them in working order for a long time you will need to buy a plow.
Next, let’s look in more detail at what plows can be installed on the single-axle tractor Neva.
The plough has a geometrically shaped steel ploughshare and a so-called heel for loosening virgin soil. After using it, it will be necessary to additionally pass over the ground with a cultivator.
Today, the plow market presents 3 main groups of this attachment equipment for the Neva motoblock:
- Single-hulled. Equipped with one share and designed for light soil. In the process of working with such equipment the soil is thrown to one side, so to move to the next row you will need to go to the beginning of the furrow.
- Reverse plow for power tillers. The plough blade is made in the form of a feather, so this model is suitable for heavier soils. One popular model is the Zykov reversible plow, which has a left- and right-sided body, equipped with a ploughshare and a mouldboard that allows you to turn and crush the soil.
- A rotary plough with several working curved plowshares, all on the same axis. In the process of plowing it rotates and throws the soil.
In order to determine which plow is best, you should assess the quality of soil on the site.
In order to properly hitch a plow to a single-axle tractor Neva, you will need to refer to the instructions for use of the power tiller.
Let’s look at how the plow is adjusted. It must be connected to a hitch and then attached to a single-axle tractor. In order to start using the cultivator with the plough attached to it, it is necessary to change the wheels to the tines. The coupling system has a special base plate, so no additional tools are needed. It is worthwhile to install the plowset so that in the end, its narrow sections are located in the direction of travel of the cultivator.
After attaching the plow to the powerpack. under no circumstances should the plow move or tilt. You may need to change the depth of the plow, which can be adjusted through several holes on the stand.
Adjust the plow before beginning to use it. To do this, align the longitudinal axes of the cultivator with the plough, and position it strictly vertically. You can adjust this position of the attachment after the hitch has been installed. Adjust plow position. To do this, you need to position its heel parallel to the ground and fix this position with a bolt
It is important to remember that when carrying out such an action, the motorized rudder should be positioned in the center from the adjusting screw
You can build an alternative to the plow on a single-axle tractor Neva on your own hands. The feedback of those farmers who made it on their own, the most positive. You will need a ploughshare made of steel, the thickness of which is 3-5 mm, and the mouldboard, as which you can use a pipe with a diameter of about 50 cm and a wall thickness of at least 3 mm. The subsequent assembly of the plow is carried out in the same way as described above.
Getting to know how to make an arrow
For simplicity of parsing how to make a hinged rocker on the machine, first let’s understand how to make a manual rocker for potatoes.
As you can see from the drawing, to facilitate the work without a motor, you should also try to. But not as much as it seems. First of all, you need tools for the job:
- hammer;
- vise;
- Welding machines, preferably both electric type and autogenous type;
- caliper;
- Taps for tapping internal threads;
- screwdriver for taps;
- grinder with replaceable discs;
- a gas torch for heating metal when it needs to be bent;
- workbench;
- all kinds of auxiliary tools.
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Types of planter
You can buy the tool in an agricultural machinery store or assemble it yourself. It can be used for planting potatoes, beets, carrots and turnips. The most famous varieties of this equipment:
What kinds are there?
There are two kinds of disk hoes for hoeing potatoes and other crops: manual and for power tillers. If the plot is small, then usually a manual version is used, if the potato plantation is planted with a whole plantation. a rocker with a power tiller. Now more details about each of them.
Mechanisms for power tillers have almost all metal parts. They rarely break if properly maintained, and always do a good job. Such mechanisms are attached to the power tiller with special nuts, which are included in the assembly. When the tiller moves the discs start to rotate. They grab the soil and sprinkle it under the plant, thus making a slide. However, these devices are quite expensive. Iron construction, reliability, sound brand. everything requires money, so more often gardeners use manual disc mowers.
The manual planter is cheaper, and what’s more, it can be made on your own, as discussed below. The method of action of the manual counterpart is the same as for the motoblock, only in this case the mechanism is pulled not by a machine, and a man. To do this, the mechanism of such designs is a T-shaped tube with a diameter of 2-5 cm, which you pull or push the tool.
How to mount a planter on a single axle tractor?
Installing and adjusting the potato handler to the tiller is not very difficult. With bolts and washers it is attached to the hitch. When working with a simple rocker, you need to adjust its angle and depth into the ground. The tilling depth of the planter is smaller than that of the plough, so there is no need for the one-axle tractor to be in an elevated position for adjustment. Simply adjust the bar vertically. The desired angle of attack is determined by how deep the rake goes into the ground in the working position. This depth should be about 15 cm.
If you notice during work that the rocker bar is sinking too far into the ground, swivel the bar forwards. Otherwise, if the working angle is not deep enough, the tine bar will on the contrary be tilted back.
The setting and adjustment of the disc planter is a little more complicated. First, the distance between the bottom points of the hinge discs must be adjusted. It will be 40-70 cm, depending on the work to be done. Next, the angle of the discs in relation to the horizontal axis should be adjusted.
The settings of both discs must be identical, because otherwise the single-axle tractor may skid to the side.
PLANTING POTATOES WITH A POWER TILLER WITH A TWO-ROW HOE
So, we have prepared the garden, and now we can start planting potatoes with a power tiller. To do this, instead of the cutter bar, we put the spike, having previously put the iron extensions on them.
On the Neva-MB2 it is necessary to remove the fenders. Let’s take the central spike off the power tiller, and in its place let’s hang the hitch.
Everything is done very simply, just insert the metal pins into the holes. Let’s attach the two-row rocker to the hitch. Before that, we make the distance between the pegs equal to 65 cm, this will be the width between the beds.
Let’s mark the garden with a special marker, which we will make with our own hands.
To do this, to the long wooden handle screwed with self-tapping short pegs, so that they resemble a rake. We need 3 pegs in total, and we will make the distance between them 65 cm. Let’s take a marker and draw stripes with it. In order to maintain the distance, it is necessary to let the outermost peg along the already drawn line.
Let’s get the cultivator to the marking line and cut the furrows at first speed.
The share can be used to reposition the scarifier, thereby increasing the working depth. To do this, you need to twist the adjustment knob. When we’ve reached the end of the garden, we turn around and go in the opposite direction.
It is possible to insert the hoe into an existing furrow or, if the soil is soft, to use the marked line. After cutting as many furrows as necessary,
let’s start planting potatoes. Throw the pre-sprouted tubers in the ridge, keeping the distance between them 35-40 cm.
Before that, it would be good to treat them in a special compound from the Colorado beetle, it is called Prestige. Getting ahead of the story, we should say that this method works, and for a long time there is no beetle on the leaves. But when the drug stops working, some larvae do appear.
Having planted potatoes in the furrows, let’s start piling them up. Before doing so, increase the width of the wings on the headstock by extending the mouldboards as much as possible, if the design of the equipment allows it. Put our machines in front of ridges and cover potatoes with earth at first speed.
This operation requires a certain skill, because you have to control two ridges.
To make it easier, you can remove one fingerboard, and put the second in the center.
Instead of groundhooks, we will install rubber wheels. Guide the cultivator to the middle of the ridge and roll the potatoes in the same way, row by row. If you do not have a two-row ridger, all the work of planting potatoes with a power tiller can be done with a one-row. But to do this, the width between the rows needs to be 70 cm. This is the right size. At the end, if there are any irregularities, correct the beds with an ordinary hoe.
POTATO HOEING WITH A POWER TILLER
After some time after planting the potatoes will come up, grow.
At this period it should be dipped, that is, sprinkled to the tubers of soil. Again, we’ll use the double row hoe. As written earlier, we will put on a cultivator grottozateli, maximize the working width and let the single-axle tractor between the seedbeds at first speed.
Since the distance between the beds and the hoe is the same, the wheels run exactly along the beds, without touching the potato stalks, and the hoe piles the soil on top of the tubers.
This way we’ll mow the whole vegetable garden. If you use a single row planter, it should be fitted with rubber tires and pushed between the rows.
It’s only 70 cm wide, so it won’t touch the potato bushes
Important note: to mow potatoes with a power tiller should be after rain, when the soil dries out and becomes a little wet. The benefit of this operation is enormous: the potatoes get air access, the weeds are removed and the soil falls to the tubers. https://www.YouTube.com/embedded/9ePujfITePM
How to set up an arrow on a single axle tractor?
Installing and adjusting the potato perch to the power tiller is not very difficult. Bolts and washers are used to attach it to the hitch. When working with a simple tiller, it is necessary to adjust its angle of work and depth of immersion into the ground. The tilling depth is shallower with the planter than with the plough, so you do not need to put the single axle tractor on an elevated surface for adjustment. Simply adjust the share bar vertically. The necessary angle of attack is dictated by how deep the share goes into the ground in the working position. This depth should be about 15 cm.
If you notice during work that the mouldboard is sinking too far into the ground, swivel the bar forwards. Otherwise, if the packer bar does not go deep enough, the bar will be tilted backwards.
The adjustment and setting of the disc coulter is a little more complicated. First, the distance between the lower points of the share discs must be adjusted. It will be 40-70 cm, depending on the work to be done. Next, the angle of the discs against the horizontal axis is adjusted.
The settings of both discs must be identical, because otherwise the single axle tractor could start to turn sideways.
Hiller for power tillers with his hands
To make a homemade planter for the tiller is not so difficult. It will consist of basic components such as 2 discs, 2 uprights, 2 screw adjusting turnbuckles, a T-bar for attaching the structure.
Before starting work, prepare the necessary blanks:
- Metal sheets for making discs (or already prefabricated discs);
- square metal profile for making the boom;
- Parts for making the adjustment rams.
The photo below shows exactly how to adjust the vertical axes of the headstock with the help of a tarlep. The letter “B” indicates the adjustment screws, the letter “C”. the posts:
If you have the necessary workpieces, use the drawings below to make the rocker arm. Do not forget to keep to the dimensions in order to obtain a quality product.
The arm will be attached to the power tiller, and the leash is attached to the arm by bolts with a stopper.
We also suggest you read the video, which tells about the subtleties of making a homemade planter for a power tiller:
This kind of planter will be compatible with such models of power tillers as Neva MB-1, MB-2, Agro, MTZ, etc. д.
The technology of planting potatoes with the use of a power tiller
Planting scheme depends to a large extent on the model of power tiller and the type of potatoes itself. It is recommended to adhere to the following criteria:
It is important to make sure that the furrows are straight and the distance between the rows is the same. This will make it easier to carry out subsequent work on the plot, especially if a single-axle tractor will also be used in the future.
For convenience, you can mark the plot with ropes stretched at the required distance, or use a homemade marker for marking.
Using a marker you can mark rows for planting potatoes
The soil should preferably be slightly moist before planting. Working on dry and hard ground takes extra physical effort and leads to higher fuel consumption, but in the mud the tiller‘s wheels will simply get stuck.
Let’s look at the features of each of them.
They have a fixed width of the soil and are used on very lightweight power tillers with up to 4 horsepower. Able to till seedbeds 25-30 cm wide, equipped with two side wings and a thin leg. The stand protects the implement against overloading and mechanical damage.
This tool can be used only on dry ground, because the clinging soil will interfere with the mobile elements of the design. Lister devices with adjustable working width are available. They are installed on motor vehicles of higher power. from 4 horsepower. These units can also be used on wet ground without any problems.
Propeller
The functioning principle is based on propeller parts. They work firstly to dig out and remove weeds and then to loosen seedbeds. These designs are mainly used on front-drive, two-speed rotary cultivators. This is due to the fact that at the second speed the power increases to 180 rpm.
Double (2-row)
Makes two furrows before planting, but can also be used for ducking and loosening the soil. Includes a frame that holds two spuds. saves a considerable amount of time when cultivating the soil, since it is equipped with two working elements. Mounted on a power tiller by means of a hitch. Due to the fact that this kind of device requires a lot of resistance to work, it is used in conjunction with the ground shoes.
Rotary Active
Instead of wheels, this tool is equipped with rotors with screw-type tines. Demonstrates high productivity in the creation, loosening and hoeing of potatoes. Suitable for use with 3-speed units (two forward and one reverse). In first gear the tool mounds the crop and in second gear it throws the soil back from between the rows.
Single row
The most common type. Applicable for operation with light types of soil. Ditching is carried out after the preparatory loosening of soil by means of a cultivator.
Effectiveness of using a power tiller to hoe the potatoes
The potato hoe makes hoeing much easier. For example, if one person can cultivate 10 hectares of plantation with his own hands at least one day, with the help of technology he will cope with this task in a few hours.
The growing season for potatoes is one of the most important. This is when the plant needs a lot of attention. One of the main requirements is to ditch as quickly as possible. Otherwise the potatoes might not take root and die.
The main advantages of the power tiller are
- less time required to carry out the mowing procedure, even on large areas
- Creation of a deeper furrow so the potatoes won’t go sideways;
- Creating a loose soil structure that encourages a better exchange of air and water. In this way, the potato roots are saturated with air and begin to grow faster;
- maintaining the required soil temperature for comfortable plant growth
- parallel uprooting of weeds, which negatively affect the growth of vegetable crops;
- no strong physical force is needed for mowing.
Despite all the advantages of an engine block, it has one major disadvantage. its price. Of course, you can buy a second-hand machine or a cheap equivalent of a brand-name device, but in this case you cannot guarantee the performance of the power tiller and its durability.
Design and principle of a power tiller
A single-axle tractor is a device with a steel wedge, equipped with elements for the ridging, installed on the frame. They can be discs or wedges, depending on the type of equipment. Hillers are mounted on a single-axle tractor with special mountings. The mowing process is facilitated by making a furrow as it passes in one direction, and when it returns in the opposite direction, it is evenly covered with earth to a specified height.
There are different types of motor cultivators, with different design and operating principles. To determine what kind of hoe is better, you need to consider the most common devices.
Single-row
The single-axle tractor is of the plough type and cannot be adjusted. It consists of two, arranged in a wedge plates. With such a machine one can make one furrow in one pass. The advantage of the single-row machine is its simple design. It can be assembled even by an agricultural novice. This version of the power tiller is preferred by gardeners and is often used in areas with light soil.
Two-row
The double-row planter is an advanced device that can be used to make furrows on both sides of the plantation. Adjustable settings on the scarifier to match the width and depth of the hoe. This makes tillage of potato bushes with the double row set much easier.
An important point is that if the implement is on a level, horizontal surface, it can still be adjusted. But this is no longer possible once the trowel has been lowered into the ground. The plough must not lift up out of the soil and onto the soil surface when mowing the potato plants. If this happens, you need to tilt the stand back a little so that the disc tip goes back down.
The disc-shaped
The single-axle tractor mounted disc coulter is made up of a T-shaped linkage, screw adjusters and two equally angled discs. The discs are attached to the frame and during the dip, they lift the earth, heating it to the plants. Thanks to the fact that you can set the angle and width of the furrow, within the range of 50-60 cm, ridges are obtained necessary height. Disc type ridgers have a lot of advantages:
So the disc unit achieves even better root crop mowing results because it spreads the soil evenly on both sides.
Propeller
Unlike other models, this kind of planter is made up of other elements for potato cultivation. The unit consists of propellers with parallel tines mounted on a crossbar. They play a key role in mowing the bushes. They can be used to plant, loosen and dip root crops. In addition, the propeller single axle tractor allows you to harvest and cultivate the soil. Particularly effective as an addition to the two speed front attachment.
Lister
Lister unit is the simplest design, with no adjustment of the rocker arm. The width of the furrow is given initially, about 25-30 cm. A plow with level plow wedges is mounted on thin stakes, which reduces the load on the single-axle tractor when it sinks into the ground. It can also be fitted with concave wedges, which prevent the soil from turning out and drying out too much.
Maker of a self-improving hoe
Of course, making a mower is not easy. Skill in welding and locksmithing work will be needed here. But it will allow you to save a pretty decent amount of money and make the device most convenient for the user.
The following tools may be needed for the work:
- Arc welder.
- An electric drill with a set of reliable drill bits of different diameters.
- angle grinder and a few tools and discs in the kit.
- Electric plow.
- Gas burner, designed for heating the metal during its hardening.
- A workbench with a vice.
- Various files.
- Consumable fasteners (bolts, nuts, rivets).
Making a lister-type planter
To make this device you need to cut two equal parts from a sheet of steel 2 mm thick. Then you bend these plates so that the bending radii coincide. After that, these surfaces are welded and the seams are processed to get a perfectly flat plane. The quality of stripping significantly affects the easy running of the device and the absence of clogging of bad joints with soil.
Particular attention should be paid to the strength of the buttstock, as it bears the main load during the operation of the device.
By making two of these devices and connecting them in a peculiar way, we will obtain a device for two-row tillage.
If you make such a device with an adjustable system of wings, based on the hinge connection and installing movable rods on the end of the device, which regulate the angle of the structure, you get an adjustable two-row rocker.
Disc coulter for power tiller
Making a disc device can be made with improvised material, which will significantly reduce its cost.
The basic steps in making a disk device:
- Cut two circular disks from 2 mm thick steel sheet and sharpen their edges to reduce resistance during plunge cuts into the ground.
- Use the hammer to bend the elements: one side should be concave, the other is convex. This shape of disc makes it easier to rake up the soil and cover the plants with it.
- Using special fastening bolts and welding connect the legs, turnbuckles and the T-shaped lead.
- Connect the wheels of the disc device with adapters.
- keep the discs spaced at the same distance as the row spacing.
- The angle of the discs is vertical, thanks to the turnbuckle.
- Then the entire device through the leash is attached to the arm of the power tiller with bolts and locking elements.
Advice on operation
Even if the steps of manufacture of the opener have been followed and everything is done correctly, it is important to learn how to use it, properly adjust and sharpen the parts. After assembly, the machine is tested on the plot. The quality of work will depend on the condition of the soil, climate and weather on the day of plowing.
Adjust the mechanism as follows:
- Pass the nozzle on the ground, set the angle of the elements and the depth of plunge. It must not exceed the total length of the product.
- The implement should not throw the soil to the sides, worsen the appearance of the furrow.
It is forbidden to use the equipment if animals and children are nearby. Do not use the machine in a defective state, leave it unattended.