Making a bar with your own hands
- Features of the
- What can be done?
- Step-by-step instruction
- Using a hand router
- Using the saw
- Modification of a rectangular bar
- Helpful hints and tips
Today, you can find many different materials on sale that make good houses, outbuildings and even pieces of furniture. For these purposes, profiled timber is often used. It is ideal for a wide variety of applications. In this article, we will learn how you can make this material with your own hands..
Features of the
Currently, profiled timber is used literally everywhere. Both inexpensive and elite dwellings, house buildings and other structures of similar types are built from it. Many people use timber to make homemade eco-friendly furniture. All this speaks about the relevance of the material under consideration, its relevance. But few of the users know that it is quite possible to make a timber with your own hands..
The timber is made using special tools. Such works cannot be called too difficult or inaccessible, therefore many people resort to them..
There are several most common reasons why users decide to make quality timber on their own..
- At the head of the “table” is the financial issue. In fact, in many cases, users can seriously save money if they make a timber with their own hands, rather than buying it ready-made. But at the same time, we must not forget about the time factor – you will have to spend some time on making homemade products..
- Often people need a beam that has dimensions that are far from standard. It can be very difficult (or impossible) to find such materials on sale. In such a situation, the solution to the problem can only be the independent production of such an environmentally friendly material with suitable dimensional parameters..
- The reason for the independent production of timber can be the presence of a large amount of leftovers, for example, edged boards, which are no longer profitable to put up for sale. From such components, you can make a high-quality timber and put it into action..
- If you really need powerful and sturdy bearing beams, then a beam made of thick boards will be a good solution. Very good designs are obtained that do not crack, twist, rot or mold.
It should be borne in mind that walls built from homemade profiled beams can be left without auxiliary finishing. Without paint, wallpaper and other materials, such bases look no less impressive and attractive..
There are several different ways in which users can make a high-quality timber with their own hands. Each home craftsman chooses the optimal technology for himself.
How to properly saw boards and bars?
For the manufacture of various elements of the construction of a bath, it is useful not only to be able to properly cut a log, to be able to cut it or build it up, but also to saw various wooden parts – boards, bars.
Sawing, depending on the situation, can be carried out along the wood grain or across. In order for the cut to be quite smooth, it is advisable to securely fix the material in a clamp..
the cutting line is preliminarily marked with the help of marking and only after that they start sawing.
If the material to be sawn is securely fixed in a horizontal position, then saw, holding the saw with both hands. If the material is not fixed too securely or is located vertically, then saw with the right hand, and hold the material with the left.
The marked line must always be to the left of the cut.
If it is necessary to cut a board or a bar at an angle, it is convenient for this to use a special device in the form of a box with guiding grooves in the walls. Such a device is called a miter box..
You can make a miter box yourself. To do this, it is enough to connect three strong boards so that one serves as the base, and the other two serve as side walls with cuts made in them, as shown in the figure below.
Milliards of various types are offered today by a wide variety of manufacturers of construction tools. The photo below shows the Stayer miter box.
Depending on the thickness of the material being cut, the angle of inclination of the saw blade to the plane of the material is selected. The thinner the material, the sharper the angle should be formed by the cutting edge of the hacksaw blade to the plane of the material being cut and vice versa.
For cutting along a curved mowing line, special circular saws are used. The circular saw is characterized by a narrow blade and such a sharpening of the teeth, which allows cutting along complex curved lines, which is almost impossible to do with an ordinary hacksaw.
For sawing a large number of boards, it is more convenient to use modern hand-held electric and chainsaws. Such a saw does not require significant physical effort and allows you to quickly make an even cut.
You can see how to work with a chainsaw in the below
Now you know how to properly saw boards and blocks. In the following articles, we will learn how to plan boards correctly and how to make a groove..
Logs to Lumber
Types of working attachments
The choice of attachments for work depends on the volume and type of work being done. The following devices are used with a chainsaw:
- drum debarker, which is necessary for removing bark from logs;
- lightweight nozzle for sawing logs;
- standard nozzle used for making boards.
Features of sawing logs when using a chainsaw
It is quite simple to create additional equipment for sawing logs:
- To create a support, a frame is used, which can be created from the legs of a school desk. The most suitable are pipes with a square section of 20 × 20 mm..
- When constructing the frame, it is necessary to create 2 clamps, and fix the cross member at one end. This element should have holes for the tie bolts. A protrusion for the tire is created in the middle.
- In order to cut a log lengthwise, it is necessary to design a support frame, the width of which should be at least 8 cm in length..
- For the convenience of work, a handle should be welded to the frame.
- Before carrying out work, it is necessary to carefully check whether the frame is securely attached to the tire..
Using a homemade tool is easy enough. Before sawing, you need to install 2 trestles – they will be used as a support for the log. In addition, a metal rail or flat board is prepared, which will serve as a guiding element..
Lighter
The nozzle for removing bark from logs is applied due to the wedge transmission. Attachment takes place with belts – special pulleys are used for this. It should be noted that the performance of the nozzle can be changed, since the speed of rotation of the shaft depends on the size of the pulleys..
Cross cut features
Cross-cut is used only for creating firewood or interior elements. The work is carried out according to several principles:
- Before carrying out work, the log is placed in a horizontal position on supports. Its height should be 0.5 m.
- After that, it is necessary to completely clean the log from bark..
- At the next stage, it is necessary to make marks on the entire log, located at an equal distance from each other..
- Then, according to the created marks, you can cut.
No special tools required for cross-cutting.
Rip saw attachment
When using such a nozzle, the sawing occurs in the horizontal direction. It is fixed to the rail with special clamps and allows you to create boards of equal thickness. After the work, the boards are dried, and after that they can be used in construction.
Lightweight nozzle
Such devices are often used, but they should only be used when boards are being created for fences or sheds. This is due to the fact that the attachment of the nozzle on the tire occurs only on one side..
Sawing technique along
The most difficult step in the process is making the first cut. For this you need:
- install a guide ruler, which consists of two boards that are fastened together at an angle of 90 degrees;
- after that, it is necessary to place the log to be sawn on the supports and fix it;
- then it is important to check if the log is level;
- at the next stage, it is necessary to fix the leading ruler on the supports using self-tapping screws;
- after that you can start creating the first saw cut.
On a band sawmill – the fastest!
There are a huge number of techniques that can help you cut logs. To study them, I recommend reading my books on woodworking..
Now I will tell you the technique of performing on a band sawmill. First you need to form a carriage.
To do this, you need to make cuts from two sides, or from four, but this is in special cases! The next step is to create a map, which is needed in order to accurately prepare the process of cutting the workpiece, it is at this stage that we indicate the dimensions of the board.
The defining parameter in this work is the direction of log processing, it is especially important to pay attention to the movement of the edge that cuts the tree relative to the annual rings! It is by this criterion that various lumber with unique properties are formed. The aesthetic qualities and the price of the board depend on the performance of the work at this stage..
There are several types of cuts you need to know about: radial, cross, rustic and tangential..
Radial is the highest quality, because in the end you get an almost perfect board: uniform in color and texture! It does not deform under any conditions, it is clear that the price of such a product is quite high!
The tangential method is already a little worse, because the boards are not as strong anymore, but the drawing remains good, sometimes weird patterns come out! The radical is also not bad, but it already differs significantly from the radial and tangential in the quality and beauty of the pattern! Rustic is the most unreliable, because boards of this type are heterogeneous and fragile.
It is more expedient to talk about the simplest way of sawing. It is called circular. They remove the first croaker, then turn the log over one hundred and eighty degrees, put it on the edge, then you will have to turn it many, many times! And so you will definitely succeed!
Sawing technique along
The most difficult step in the process is making the first cut. For this you need:
- install a guide ruler, which consists of two boards that are fastened together at an angle of 90 degrees;
- after that, it is necessary to place the log to be sawn on the supports and fix it;
- then it is important to check if the log is level;
- at the next stage, it is necessary to fix the leading ruler on the supports using self-tapping screws;
- after that you can start creating the first saw cut.
Features of sawing logs when using a chainsaw
It is quite simple to create additional equipment for sawing logs:
- To create a support, a frame is used, which can be created from the legs of a school desk. The most suitable are pipes with a square section of 20 × 20 mm..
- When constructing the frame, it is necessary to create 2 clamps, and fix the cross member at one end. This element should have holes for the tie bolts. A protrusion for the tire is created in the middle.
- In order to cut a log lengthwise, it is necessary to design a support frame, the width of which should be at least 8 cm in length..
- For the convenience of work, a handle should be welded to the frame.
- Before carrying out work, it is necessary to carefully check whether the frame is securely attached to the tire..
Using a homemade tool is easy enough. Before sawing, you need to install 2 trestles – they will be used as a support for the log. In addition, a metal rail or flat board is prepared, which will serve as a guiding element..
Calculation of a log for sawing into a bar.
So, let’s get over, first you need to decide what size the timber will be, as well as the dimensions of the material (boards) that we want to get to the timber.
Let’s start by taking the required timber, for example, 150 x 150 mm, unedged board 25 mm, 30 mm, 40 mm.
For those who do not know what a non-edged board means, we explain that this is a board of various widths that does not have certain boundaries due to the presence of bark at the edges, but has a certain size of thickness.
Next, take a 25 mm, 50 mm edged board. We think here it is clear that an edged board is a board that has a certain size, both in width and thickness, and does not have a bark, or, as they usually say, without wane.
Circular to help you!
One of the most used tools that are used to solve this problem is a circular! You just need to know a few basic rules. First, it is necessary to ensure the longitudinal movement of the tree..
It is clear that it is almost impossible to do this on an ordinary horizontal table, because it will roll from place to place during sawing, which is very inconvenient and can threaten injury! What we absolutely would not like.
But what do you ask? There is one trick that is known to all professionals under the code name “fin”.
A fin is a device whose thickness corresponds to the width of the cut. But you need to install this thing in such a way that it is possible to correct, correct its position. It is very important!
The log is dismissed into boards together, this happens according to the following technology: first, they cut it lengthwise, that is, the work is carried out according to the usual method. Then, when the fin fully enters, a spacer is inserted, which should slightly exceed the width of the cut. We install a clamp-handle, which will perform two functions at once, one of which is holding, and the other will be needed in order to conveniently pull it.
File – the spacer at this moment will not allow the board to deviate somewhere, which is very convenient! Next, you will need to proceed as follows: the first worker will pull the object by the clamp, and the other will press it against the ruler, which is used in this case to determine the width of the board!
Thus, the work in the hands of the masters argues! Things are going uphill! And the speed of action surprises them.!
Log sawing tools
Tools and cutting methods depend on the total volume of the logs, such indicators as length, thickness. In addition, you need to take into account the quality of the future lumber. Sawing a log involves working with different tools and specialized equipment. In order to get a small amount of lumber at home, a manual method of processing logs using a chainsaw or traditional hand-held hacksaws with teeth for longitudinal cutting is suitable..
The sawmill is perhaps the most famous type of sawmill equipment. This is a woodworking machine that has gang saws. On the sawmill, longitudinal sawn timber is obtained, for example, edged boards or beams. Sawmills allow processing logs with a diameter of 15 to 80 cm and a length of up to 7 m.
Sawing logs into boards using circular saws (circular) machines is carried out using a circular saw. Such equipment is single-saw (single-disc) and multi-saw (multi-disc). Devices containing one disc are suitable for handling small and low quality feedstock. Large-diameter round workpieces can be cut with multi-blade machines.
The most popular today are band sawmills. They are of two types: vertical and horizontal. The cutting tool in such equipment is a belt blade that is put on the pulleys. Working with band saws guarantees high quality longitudinal and mixed sawn timber such as planks and squared beams. This produces the least amount of waste.
In large industrial enterprises, mowing lines are used to cut wood. They allow a very high surface quality and precise geometry of the end products to be achieved. These mowing lines are characterized by the highest performance.
In addition to all of the above equipment, such types of highly specialized sawmill equipment are used, such as debarking, edging, band-dividing and other types of machines..
Options for sawing logs on boards with a chainsaw
More recently, a chainsaw was only used to cut logs across. Craftsmen could use it to make boards, rectangular bars, all kinds of wooden sculptures. For the townsfolk, it was not half the strength. Experience, skill and talent were required. Today, chainsaw manufacturers offer various attachments as an addition, which have turned the tool into a universal device with which you can cut not only wood, but also other building materials, such as stone. In the article, we will deal with one question – how to cut a log into boards using an ordinary chainsaw.
Homemade nozzles
Masters have long learned to do a lot with their own hands. There is a huge variety of frame structures on the Internet that allow a chainsaw to cut logs into planks. There are simple options for the manual type, there are large complexes of the bed, guides with the help of which the tool moves or the log is raised / lowered. One of them in the video below:
Please note that the structure is assembled from metal profiles, which makes it reliable and stable. At the same time, the machine (it simply cannot be called in another way) is equipped with mechanical gearboxes that simplify the processes of moving the workpiece barrel and the chainsaw. No effort with your hands, just twist the handle from the gearbox. In this case, the thickness of the boards is adjusted by raising the log, and not with a gasoline tool.
Another option is a nozzle, which helps to make a cut not in a horizontal plane, but in a vertical one. The design is simple, but it is more difficult to work with it, because you have to make an effort to hold the chainsaw. In addition to the device, it is necessary to prepare a bar of metal or a board, which is attached to the log in the longitudinal direction. It is on it that the nozzle frame rests on when cutting is carried out.
In addition, this option is more dangerous, because nothing holds the board to be cut. She can hurt her leg when she falls. So the process must be carried out carefully. The video below clearly shows how this option works..
Another installation, which the manufacturer called the carriage. For this, such a frame structure was made from a profile pipe and several wheels, which will give the device some mobility in terms of moving the workpiece along the barrel. They are also a kind of stops that do not allow the chainsaw to move from side to side..
In addition to the carriage, a conventional aluminum ladder is used as a guiding element. It is attached to the log with clamps for nails or self-tapping screws..
Two Chainsaw Secrets | Turning a Tree into Perfect Boards
Please note that the width of the ladder must match the distance between the carriage wheels located at different ends. The staircase must be placed in a horizontal plane with a building level. Align with pieces of boards of different thickness placed under it.
The prepared chainsaw with a carriage is installed on the ladder. Turn on the engine and push it with your hands along the workpiece, cutting off its upper part.
The process is better seen from the side. Here you can see a carriage with wheels, a ladder, a log lying under it, how the cutting process is carried out.
The design of this type of device is quite complex. But of the many home-made options for the manual type, it is better, more convenient, more reliable. Now it is possible to adjust the height of the cut horizontally, pre-setting the ladder along the horizon.