The appearance of the car is important, its reliability is needed, but recently, taking into account the constant increase in prices for fuel and lubricants, the deciding factor in choosing a car is its consumption. The love or hatred of the owner depends on the “appetite” of the iron horse.
There are several ways to determine how much fuel a car consumes.. The first, simplest, but at the same time, the most inaccurate one should be recognized. it is to look into the manual for the operation of a car, where the manufacturer usually indicates fuel consumption per hundred kilometers in urban mode, along the highway and in the combined cycle. Once again, these figures should not be trusted, since measurements were taken when the car just left the assembly line, was shod with a certain rubber and gasoline was poured into it, the quality of which is several times higher than the quality of Russian fuel. Naturally, the numbers will be slightly lower than the actual ones.
Owners of modern cars equipped with an on-board computer are able to determine the average fuel consumption without complicated decisions, since the corresponding indicators are automatically displayed. But again, the on-board computer shows the flow, based on this situation, i.e. At this time, under these conditions, it is natural that resorting to kick-down, the declared consumption will be several times higher than the actual one. Thus, the on-board computer indicators are approximate and do not pretend to be 100% reliable.
To determine the actual fuel consumption, you should use several other methods with which we are in a hurry to introduce you.
The following is considered one of the most reliable ways: you call at a gas station, fill up the fuel tank to the eyeballs, reset the odometer and drive around the city or on the highway (depending on the mode in which you want to determine the flow rate), you drive exactly 100 kilometers and again call in at the gas station and again fill up fuel and lubricants in full. How much fuel will fit in the tank. such is the expense, everything is elementary!
If you don’t have a desire to call every 100 kilometers at a gas station, you can use another way to calculate fuel consumption. As in the first case, first of all, you should refuel the fuel tank all the way, reset the odometer and drive in the usual mode until the indicator on the dashboard lights up, indicating that the fuel level in the tank is close to critical. We immediately go to a gas station, preferably on the same one where the first portion of fuel was filled, and preferably from the same column we refuel a full tank again until it stops. After that, attention (!) the number of fuels and lubricants entering the fuel tank is divided by the kilometer displayed by the odometer and multiplied by 100, the result will be the actual fuel consumption per 100 kilometers. For example, you filled a full tank and drove 370 kilometers before a light on the dashboard illuminated warning about a small amount of fuel in the tank, after which you went to a gas station and filled 41 liters of gasoline. We make the calculations. we divide 41 by 370 and multiply by 100 we get 11. Therefore, your car consumes 11 liters of fuel per hundred kilometers.
As you can see, calculating the fuel consumption of your car yourself is not so difficult. If you think that your horse has become gluttonous, do not be too lazy to call in the service station and carry out its diagnostics, because the increase in fuel consumption indicates first of all that the car began to bother something, well, or change the driving style, because for the love of sharp starts and brakes have to pay at the gas station.
The fuel consumption of the car and the process of its calculation should be known to every driver. For long trips, you need to consider how much money is allocated to refuel the car. These data will help to correctly calculate the cost of freight and passenger transportation. However, before talking about the calculation itself, it’s worth deciding what type of fuel consumption interesting to you. If you are a simple car enthusiast, then you will be interested in average and instantaneous consumption, professionals use specific consumption, fuel consumption rate.
Calculation of fuel consumption for a motorist
Instant (instant) consumption. amount of fuel consumed at a given time. Its informational value is that it is possible to understand how various driving modes affect fuel economy. You can recognize it only thanks to BC.
- car speed
- engine speed and temperature
- fuel remaining in the tank
- average consumption per 100 km
- fuel consumption for the current trip
- instant flow
- travel time
- distance traveled
The device allows you to program a new cruise, calculate the required amount of fuel.
The on-board computer will warn you that the vehicle has exceeded operating parameters, for example, an increase in engine temperature or the need for maintenance.
Therefore, if you have a BC installed on your car, you can see all the information on consumption on its screen. But what do those motorists with whom this miracle of technology has not been installed?
How to calculate the average fuel consumption per 100 km without ammunition?
The calculation formula is as follows: The number of liters of spent fuel is divided by the mileage traveled per trip, the resulting value is multiplied by one hundred. The result is consumption per 100 kilometers.
If you are too lazy to remember the formula, you can calculate on a computer using the calculator built into Windows 7 and 8. The calculation mode is activated as follows:
To return to the usual form of the calculator, press CtrlF4.
Calculation example:
The mileage traveled can be found thanks to the odometer. In most modern cars with an electronic odometer, it is possible to track the number of kilometers traveled for a specific trip.
It is more difficult to determine the amount of fuel consumed. The problem is that it is never clear how much gasoline is in the tank. The simplest way seems to be the following option: completely fill the tank (its capacity is indicated in the vehicle’s operating manual) and completely use up fuel. This method has two minuses:
- it is necessary to carry a canister with fuel (because it is not known where and when it will end);
- in the vast majority of cars, in a dry tank situation, the fuel pump may fail and / or it will be impossible to start the car again without additional procedures (such as pumping).
We recommend the following methods for measuring average fuel consumption:
“From a full tank”:
- fill a full tank, record odometer readings;
- drive a certain distance (the more, the more accurate the calculation will be);
- again call in at the gas station and refuel to a full tank
- minus the recorded odometer from the current. you have a mileage;
- the amount of fuel filled during the second refueling is equal to consumed;
- apply the calculation formula.
“By the light of the fuel reserve”:
- drive until this light comes on;
- refuel (the amount of fuel will be equal to the consumed fuel) and record the odometer reading;
- drive until the light comes on again, record the odometer reading, subtract from them the points 2 and get the distance traveled;
- apply the calculation formula.
Calculation of fuel consumption for professionals
Video: How to Know the Trimmer Fuel Consumption
Professionals are primarily interested in the fuel consumption rate, which appears in official accounting documents and calculations. Also of interest is the specific consumption and consumption by engine volume.
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How to calculate the fuel consumption rate of a car?
The standard fuel consumption of a particular car is calculated depending on its type: passenger, freight, bus, specialized and others.
Standard fuel consumption. this is the amount of fuel that is used by the vehicle when passing a certain mileage or when performing specialized work, taking into account specific operating conditions.
Fuel consumption depends on:
- vehicle engine size and gearbox type
- run
- availability of heaters and air conditioners
- fishing line season (winter and summer)
- vehicle movement method (continuous movement or with frequent stops)
The fuel consumption rate is additionally increased by lowering the air temperature:
- from 0 ° С to 10 ° С. up to 5%
- from. 10 ° С to. 20 ° С. up to 10%
- from. 20 ° С and below. up to 15%
When using an air conditioner or installation “Climate control” in the absence of standards for the operation of this equipment, the consumption rate is increased by 5%.
When towing a car, its distillation in a double form, fuel consumption rates are set, as for a road train.
What data is needed to calculate the fuel consumption rate?
To calculate fuel consumption, you need to know:
- fuel consumption rate for this vehicle model
- planned or actually covered mileage
- correction factor (when driving with a load)
Formulas for calculating standard fuel consumption
Fuel consumption standards in the Russian Federation are approved by the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation on March 14, 2008 No. AM-23-r.
According to them, the calculation formula for passenger cars: The document contains the basic values of the consumption rate for most cars, so for the most popular VAZ models they are:
For trucks, the following formula is applied:
Watch the video on which devices will help you correctly calculate the fuel consumption of a car:
In Ukraine, similar formulas are used. In order to make it clearer how the calculation is made, we offer an example of a real calculation from a specialist for about 20 years working at the Zaporizhzhya city base of Elena Korpach:
Consider the calculation of fuel consumption between cities on a specific example
We calculate fuel consumption by mileage in the winter at a temperature of. 3 ° C
We have a car transporter with a consumption rate of 0.377 liters per 1 km of run. The car transported cars from Zaporizhia to Vinnitsa, then to Ilyichevsk, Kiev, 8 tons in each direction. The margin of error is 0.06.
We calculate the required number of liters on this route:
How to calculate fuel consumption for a car? The calculation algorithm is the same, step 4 is omitted.
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What is specific fuel consumption?
The ratio of fuel consumption to engine power per unit time is specific fuel consumption. How to calculate this indicator? It is estimated that at maximum speeds the Mazda 626 2.0i will spend 12 liters of fuel in 1 hour. Engine power. 115 hp
Specific consumption is required when calculating fuel costs for each hour of engine operation (engine hours) of a vehicle or per 1 km of movement. This indicator is calculated as follows: fuel consumption per 1 hour is divided by engine power. 7800 g / 115 l = 67.82 (g / l.s. h), where 7800 g is 12 l × 650 g (the amount of gasoline in 1 liter).
Data on increased fuel consumption can give a faulty on-board computer. It is not necessary to know how to calculate the fuel consumption rate. This indicator is available in the technical passport to the car.
How to calculate fuel consumption by engine size?
This type of calculation is practically not applicable to a real car, since the consumption does not depend on volume, but on engine power, which is different at different accelerations. Practical sense is only for generators and power plants, where the amount of fuel consumed is constant.
What does a fuel consumption calculation program look like?
In a simplified form, it is a window in which cells are placed for entering such information:
- number of kilometers
- consumption rate per 100 or 1 km
- the ability to pay one way or round-trip
- fuel cost (not always)
This kind of software allows you to calculate the amount of fuel and the cost of the trip.
Programs for calculating fuel consumption include:
- 1C: Vehicle Management Standard
- automated calculation using EXCEL
- software products based on MS Access, for example, Vehicle Waybill
- Fuel Manager for Android and iOS devices
How to reduce fuel consumption?
The vehicle is important to maintain in good condition. To do this, check:
- fuel and air filter for contamination
- choose engine oil in accordance with the season of use, the life of the machine
- check tire pressure
- use quality gasoline
- adhere to a quiet ride and smooth braking
- do not carry unnecessary baggage
- do not open fully windows when driving at high speed
- seal the tank
- don’t park in the heat in the sun
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- MarsSon Feb 16, 2020 at 4:16
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One of the most important issues that any owner of this equipment faces. Sometimes a manufacturer clearly indicates fuel consumption per unit of power (horsepower or kilowatts) in grams. You can find this information in the table of technical specifications of the loader. However, for all its usefulness, it does not give a clear idea of how much fuel is needed for the job.
How to determine the rate of consumption in 1 hour?
It is calculated as follows:
- N is the power of the power unit;
- q is the indicator of specific fuel consumption by the loader;
- R is the density of the fuel (diesel). It is usually taken at the level of 0.85 kg / dm3;
- k1. expressed as a percentage of the operating time at the maximum crankshaft speed.
The power of the power unit, as well as the specific fuel consumption, can be found in the maintenance manual. Data is entered in it in the form of a graph. It is being built by specialists of the manufacturing plant. The basis for this is the test results in different modes. In practice, the maximum speed of the power unit is very easy to achieve. squeeze the gas pedal all the way. As a result, the loader accelerates, overcomes the rise with the load, raises it to the maximum permissible height and all this, mind you, at maximum speed. Of course, in this mode, the loader will work only part of the shift. Therefore, it is necessary to use a coefficient designated as k1: it characterizes the work at maximum speed. It can be called an individual indicator of the specifics of the loader.
Calculation Example
Suppose a diesel forklift was rented to load wagons and unload wagons. He works completely the entire shift (8 hours), without overcoming the slopes and without using the maximum height of the forks, since the platforms he serves are located at a height of only 1,500-2,000 mm. The maximum speed of the power unit is used only when the unit accelerates to cover the distance between the loading and unloading area. This operation takes approximately 30% of the working time.
But it may be so. The company operates 24 hours a day. But the shipment of materials (products) during this time is carried out only 2 times for 2 hours. The remaining time the loader is operated with minimal or medium intensity.
Accordingly, the coefficient characterizing the ratio of operating time to load (maximum / minimum) is lower in the second case. It is possible to precisely determine its value by measuring the time during which the loader overcomes the resistance of the coating (road) and raises loads of maximum mass. Summing up the indicators, we obtain the operating time during which the maximum loads act on the unit. And it is this time that must be subtracted from the duration of the (total) one shift.
The desired coefficient is the ratio of the operating time with minimum and maximum load (70% and 30%, respectively). Therefore, if the loader was used with a maximum load of 30%, then the coefficient value is found by dividing 70% by 30% (that is, the value is 2.3).
For example, the well-known model of the AX50 loader from Komatsu is equipped with a 4D92E power unit. Its capacity is 33.8 liters. with. In the event that 30% of the entire shift is operated at maximum speed, the fuel consumption per 1 hour will be: 33.8×202 / (1000×0.85×2.3) = 3.49 liters.
On the practical aspects of fuel consumption
Of course, between theoretical calculations and practice, there are certain differences. Fuel consumption is influenced not only by the duration of the maximum speed, but also the power of the power unit and the specific fuel consumption.
Equipment that failed to be tested and loaders with impressive mileage demonstrate higher fuel consumption than those whose engine has been adjusted. An overestimated flow rate can be detected during special testing in the case of work with maximum load. For example, a one and a half ton machine can show a flow rate of 5 to 6 liters per hour, although the average value of this indicator is 3 liters per hour.
It should also be noted that in real conditions a lesser load acts on the power unit than during the test tests. To determine the fuel consumption for cancellation, you need to conduct a series of control measurements.
As an example, let’s cite the timing of a BX50 forklift from Komatsu (power unit. FD30T-16, load capacity. 3,000 kilograms). Type of work operations. unloading trucks, as well as placing goods in wagons. Work is performed for 9 hours every day. Fuel consumption. 2.5 liters per hour.
With a 4D92E power unit, with a 24-hour shift duration, fuel consumption by appliances is:
- for loaders with a loading capacity from 1,500 to 1,800 kilograms. 1.7 liters per hour;
- for loaders with a loading capacity from 2,000 to 2,500 kilograms. 2.5 liters per hour.
With an eight-hour shift, the loader’s flow rate 1,500 kilograms is 2.2 liters, and carrying capacity 1,800 kilograms. up to 2.95 liters per hour.