We make a circular machine with our own hands The device and use of circular machines, options for making our own hands, a description of the assembly process, safety precautions when working on a machine.
DIY circular machine: options
Before proceeding to the manufacture of a homemade machine tool, you need to decide on what volume of work it will be designed for? If you are building something and will constantly use it, then the machine should be more overall, stable with a large table top. Well, if the circular is required periodically or for processing small-sized parts, then there is no need to make the machine large.
The simplest option is a machine made from a hand saw screwed to the tabletop. Make a cut with the same saw and get a hole for the disc. Saw out a block of the required length, attach it, and a ruler is ready. Fasten the tabletop to the base so that the saw body is at the bottom and the ruler and disc are on top. And that’s all, you can get to work.
A do-it-yourself machine option is more complicated; it is assembling it from scratch. That is, you make a base, a work surface, equip it with a motor, a saw blade, make a ruler. This option is suitable for those who already have at least some related skills. If you decide to make a metal frame, you need skills using a welding machine. If made of wood, then the skills of a carpenter. And besides that, you need to understand the electrics.
Let’s try to figure out how to make a do-it-yourself circular machine from scratch on a metal base.
We make a circular machine with our own hands
Surely most men are familiar with a circular hand saw. A useful thing, no one disputes. However, it is not suitable for processing large quantities of wood. It can only be replaced by a circular machine. Having such a device on the farm, you can easily cut the required amount of material, give it any shape, cut out blanks at any angle.
Circular machine: device and application
So, circular machines are:
- Manual execution (conventional hand saw).
- Stationary,
Which are divided into:
- Household (maximum cut with a depth of 4-5 cm),
- Tabletop (5-5.5 cm),
- On the bed (6-14 cm).
They are used in private farms, as well as in small and medium-sized woodworking businesses. The device of such machines may differ in the materials from which they are made and in power.
Usually, the bed is made of metal and sometimes cast or welded, that is, collapsible. The cast frame is placed on a concrete pad reinforced with reinforcement and, accordingly, it is difficult to move it anywhere. Collapsible, on the contrary, differs, as you know, in mobility and light weight compared to a cast one.
The work surface of the table top is installed on the bed, which is made of sheet aluminum, steel or cast iron. It must be equipped with guide rails and a saw blade slot.
For all this to work, you need a saw shaft on which a saw blade and an electric motor are mounted. In addition, a wood feed mechanism is installed on large machines. And also the circular machine can be equipped with a riving knife, which prevents the sawn halves from closing and protective cover, which does not allow sawdust to fly in different directions.
We have briefly described the device of the factory circular machine. The cost of such devices is quite high. Therefore, sometimes the question arises of whether it is possible to assemble a machine for your needs with your own hands? Of course you can.
How to dissolve a board with a hand circular
Sawing boards by hand takes a lot of time and effort. It is recommended to use a hand-held circular saw to reduce costs. Let’s talk about this in detail.
Work rules
The circular is a useful tool. It is necessary to work with it depending on a number of factors:
- When making a cut, the depth should be set 2 mm more than the thickness of the material.
- Do not remove the bottom cover. When trying to remove it, the disc excessively enters the part and damages not only it, but also the surface of the workbench. You should first carefully consider how the tool will behave in the process of work.
- The disc should not touch the workbench. To avoid this, raise the cutting edge slightly. The cut into the wood should be at high speeds. This will prevent the risk of loss and allow you to cut the part quickly.
- The material should be on the work table. It is not allowed to work with it in a suspended state.
- Hold the tool firmly, avoiding wobbling from side to side.
- Secure the workpiece before starting the operation. If the safety rules are not followed, the part moves with the tool, which is not permissible.
The importance of safety
Care must be taken when working with circulars. Tuck in the garment thoroughly by tucking the protrusions and tying the belt and laces.
Hold the instrument well. If he wags in the process of work, such a situation can lead to a number of troubles: damage the equipment, the work table and cause injury.
Cut dry wood with a saw. Failure to follow the rules can quickly damage the tool. The motor will burn out at the circular.
After finishing work, you can put the saw on the workbench. She must stop completely.
Do not touch the bare wire, do not use a broken tool to avoid injury.
If you follow the rules, working with a hand-held circular saw will be simple and safe.
How to dissolve a board with a hand circular
Sawing boards by hand takes a lot of time and effort. It is recommended to use a hand-held circular saw to reduce costs. Let’s talk about this in detail.
Work rules
The circular is a useful tool. It is necessary to work with it depending on a number of factors:
- When making a cut, the depth should be set 2 mm more than the thickness of the material.
- Do not remove the bottom cover. When trying to remove it, the disc excessively enters the part and damages not only it, but also the surface of the workbench. You should first carefully consider how the tool will behave in the process of work.
- The disc should not touch the workbench. To avoid this, raise the cutting edge slightly. The cut into the wood should be at high speeds. This will prevent the risk of loss and allow you to cut the part quickly.
- The material should be on the work table. It is not allowed to work with it in a suspended state.
- Hold the tool firmly, avoiding wobbling from side to side.
- Secure the workpiece before starting the operation. If the safety rules are not followed, the part moves with the tool, which is not permissible.
The importance of safety
Care must be taken when working with circulars. Tuck in the garment thoroughly by tucking the protrusions and tying the belt and laces.
Hold the instrument well. If he wags during work, this situation can lead to a number of troubles: damage the equipment, the work table and cause injury.
Cut dry wood with a saw. Failure to follow the rules can quickly damage the tool. The motor will burn out at the circular.
After finishing work, you can put the saw on the workbench. She must stop completely.
Do not touch the bare wire, do not use a broken tool to avoid injury.
If you follow the rules, working with a hand-held circular saw will be simple and safe.
How the hand-held circular saw attachment works
The device in question is extremely simple and consists of only a few parts: a base for a saw, a guide rail, a stop bar and an eccentric clamp that ensures reliable fixation even on lumber that has been loose with small deviations in width.
Diagram of a device for a hand-held circular saw.
Using homemade products is very easy. First, markings are made on the board.
Then a self-made device is installed on top, the lower stop of which is pressed against the edge of the workpiece, and the right edge is aligned with the mark.
Photo of a device for a circular saw.
Then the plywood base is securely fixed by turning the lever of the eccentric clamping mechanism.
Photo of the device. Bottom view.
Now it remains to put the circular saw on the base and make the cut, pressing the edge of the sole against the guiding side stop.
Transverse cutting of a board using a manufactured device.
The result will be a perfectly straight cut that follows the markings exactly.
With this device, it is convenient to make many cross-cuts when you need to frequently move the tool to a new cutting line, for example, when punching grooves in bars. It will also come in handy if it is necessary to reduce the length of the workpiece by a few millimeters, and it will cope with this task no worse than a miter saw.
Homemade device for precise cutting of boards with a hand-held circular saw
It is extremely difficult to make accurate cross-cutting of the board with a hand-held circular saw in the standard version. Getting the perfect cut in accordance with the markings allows a simple home-made device, easily made from scraps in your home workshop.
The cut-off device is designed for perpendicular cutting of boards from 100 to 250 mm wide in 50 mm increments, but its dimensions can be easily changed to suit your needs.
How to make a device with your own hands
The cutting device is made for a specific model of power tool. Measure the distance from the engine to the bottom of the sole on your circular saw and subtract 5 mm. The result obtained is the height of the guide stop.
Removing the required dimensions of the circular saw.
Prepare right-angled plywood base and parallel-edged wooden battens to measure.
Blanks for assembling a cross-cut device with a circular saw.
Measure the distance from the blade to the edge of the sole.
Add a 610 mm allowance and install a guide rail at this distance from the right end of the plywood. Fasten the plank with countersunk screws, controlling its strictly perpendicular position.
Screw the stop block on the back and fix the fixture on the workbench.
Saw the plywood with the circular saw to the final width, creating a reference end to accurately position the fixture along the lines.
Draw the eccentric cam pattern on the paper.
Mark the part on 10mm plywood and mark the center of the bolt hole with an awl.
Saw out the workpiece with a jigsaw.
Make a 50 mm washer out of the same plywood using a ballerina wood drill.
Grind the blanks and pick up an M6 or M8 furniture bolt with a mustache (or with a square headrest), a flywheel nut, washer and bushing. The latter can be made from a tube of a suitable diameter. Sleeve length is the total thickness of the base, arm, and plywood washer.
Ready-made eccentric made of plywood.
Make holes in the base with a drill along the diameter of the sleeve, which serve to rearrange the eccentric clamp according to the width of the board to be cut.
Assemble the eccentric mechanism: insert the bolt with the sleeve from above, and from the bottom insert the wooden washer, the cam itself and the steel washer. Tighten the parts with a nut.
Glue a strip of sandpaper on the inside of the stop to prevent slippage when the eccentric locks, which can occur when the fixture is attached to a smoothly cut workpiece.
The clamping system of this device has a stroke that provides fastening to the boards with a take-off in width of about 10 mm. If you need to cut or trim a different size piece, simply place a piece of wood in front of the stop bar.
An example of using a device for a cross-cut with a hand-held circular saw of a board of smaller width.
If desired, the potential of the considered device can be expanded by adding a cutting angle of 45. To do this, it will be necessary to slightly increase the dimensions of the support platform and install a second stop bar at this angle.