How to make cutters for a power tiller with your own hands?
In order to manufacture the sabre milling cutters for the agricultural machine, the manufacturer will need the drawings, which can be used as a guide during the assembly of the equipment.
After studying the drawings, you need to start preparing the components.
The list of necessary includes:
- Rotor axle, the length of which should correspond to the dimensions of the construction. If necessary, the axle can be made collapsible, consisting of two parts;
- Additional shortened axle;
- serviceable gearboxes with prepared mounts;
- blades for mounting on the left and right side;
- washers, bolts and nuts.
Then you can proceed directly to the assembly of mills for the used power tiller:
- First the blades must be mounted on the long rotor axle. They should be mounted at an angle of 30⁰;
- It will then be necessary to combine 4 cutting blades on a single unit. They must be secured with the gearboxes;
- Then carefully inspect the attachment and tighten the bolts in the device if necessary.
Installing
All you have to do to install the cutter is perform a number of simple operations:
- Tilt the single axle tractor on its side.
- Remove the wheel and remount the tiller. Pay attention to the rotation, the tiller should be set with the blade forward so that it cuts the ground.
- Once installed, secure the tiller to the gearbox shaft, using the cotter pin.
- Tilt the single axle tractor on the other side and do the same thing.
Installation is the same for all power tillers and all tractors. It is recommended that two persons should carry out this operation. one person holds the power tiller and the other person attaches the rotary hoe.
Goosefoot tiller
This product is newer and more modern. Mainly used on hard ground. Work only on flat, clean, weed-free ground. Even with the onset of autumn cold weather, the results are very good. How to assemble the goosefoot cutter? It is necessary to prepare some tools and material:
Old car springs can be used as the base for the rippers. They are cut into pieces of the right length and welded to the pipe that acts as the base. The knife flanks are ground and welded to this tube as well. After the whole mechanism is assembled, a test run is performed. During it the necessary adjustments are made. When starting the power tiller, the cutter blades need to hang in the air without touching the ground. Lower them slowly. Only then will the cutter work for a long time.
Making goose feet requires some training in metalworking. Blades need to be forged, and this is not possible for every owner of the machine. If the system is not assembled correctly, it can break. The gooseneck system is not demountable. This gives it extra strength. Characteristics of the product:
Self-sharpening knives. With careful work, they no longer require sharpening. At the same time it is necessary to place the edges of the blade correctly. They should enter the ground with the sharp end. With proper adjustment of the blades, the ground is plowed to a depth of 30 cm. To achieve this result, first pass along the plot, then across.
How to assemble properly cutters on a single axle tractor
A power tiller is equipment, without which you can not do without in agriculture. It is designed for agricultural work. To assemble the blades on the cultivator and prepare it for the cultivation of the land, it is necessary to perform some actions.
SHARPENING MILLING CUTTERS
First, it is necessary to get acquainted with the cultivator, for which the cutter will be made. It is necessary to study its design. This will save time and assemble a ready-made unit. It will be most convenient to assemble either saber-shaped blades or goosefoots.
When studying the design of a power block, you need to pay attention to:
- The power of the cultivator;
- The top frame of the power tiller, where the fuel tank and engine are located. They will be attached to the adapted brackets;
- Equipping a power tiller or engine with a clutch and a gearbox.
Cultivator consists of such elements:
- Short, rotary axis;
- Rotor axle of different length, assembled from two parts;
- “fingers” with a locking mechanism;
- Blades (right and left);
- Bolts and other parts to secure the entire structure.
To assemble the rotary cultivator blades proceed as follows. A total of 24 blades are installed. Scheme consists of two blocks of 12 blades on each. Each unit uses 3 dedicated assemblies of 4 blades. They are mounted strictly at an angle of 90 degrees. To create one blade, a sheet of steel with a thickness of no more than 5 millimeters is taken.
To make the stands, a steel angle of 63×40 millimeters is taken. The blades are attached to the stand, and the other end is welded to the flange. This makes it possible to connect 4 blades into one unit. Then the whole setup is bolted in.
If you follow these instructions, you get a solid, dependable design that can handle most loads with ease. For regular use of equipment, it is recommended to resort to the use of factory models rather than homemade knives. This contributes to the productive operation of the unit without malfunctions and problems.
Varieties
On power tillers with a PTO the tiller set can be a separate attachment. The unit rotates by means of a belt drive. The progressive movement of the unit is carried out by wheels or grousers. The single-axle tractor itself moves slowly, while the cutting unit rotates at at least 3,000 rpm. In this case, we can say that it is an active tiller, referring to the type of its feed.
On lightweight power tillers and power tillers, the cutting elements are installed instead of the wheels. They rotate and cut the soil while simultaneously moving the machine. Here the type of feed is passive, that’s why the cutter is called a passive.
Active saber elements
Calling a milling machine “active” or “passive” just because of its design features is not quite right. Saber-shaped elements are a good combination of quality and performance. They are made from alloy steel. Hardened and subjected to HF treatment in the factory. They do not require additional service, work great on all types of soils.
Tines are usually assembled on hubs, three or four at a time. Each shifting link is angled slightly in relation to the next. Their curved ends are alternately turned in different directions. As practice has shown, 3 elements in a link do not give a stable machine movement. The design is bouncing and difficult to control. This is why it is best to buy tillers with 4 blades. Working width depends on the tiller’s engine power. It varies from 0,8 m to 1,2 m.
Farmers try to make sabre-shaped tillers with their own hands. Even if steel from springs can be found, there is a problem with giving them a curved shape. This requires machining in a forge, welding won’t help here.
Goosefoot
Another great boon for gardeners and farmers is the goosefoot milling machine. Initially, craftsmen made them themselves, but now you can buy such a version in stores. The design has its advantages:
- welded device from a suitable material;
- sharp cutting blades;
- The possibility of replacing any of the worn-out elements.
Such assemblies are used when it is necessary to process virgin land. Thanks to their high rotational speed, they can cope not only with the soddy-podzolic soil near Moscow, but also with the soil of the black earth regions of Russia. Sharpened edges penetrating into the layer at an acute angle, loosen and mix the fertile layer. When using the goosefoot cutters, there is no need to rework the area.
Cutters for the power tiller. Cultivation with a Neva power tiller
Tines are the main active element in tillage. They are available in several types. Each one is suitable for cultivating a certain soil, and at a certain speed.
- How good the end result of tillage will be;
- How much effort will need to be put into it;
- How much control the tiller will have over the ground
- How much stress the engine will be under.
First of all, the choice of a power tiller must depend on the type of soil to be tilled, i.e.е. where, on what kind of soil it will work.
Power tillers are an integral part of any power tiller. This is one of the first attachments that should be purchased.
However, there are situations where a standard cultivator does not have the right tiller installed.For example, it does not fit the width of the cultivated surface or does not penetrate deep enough into the ground. In this case, you can buy additional tillers for the power tiller Neva, which will be able to perform the required amount of work.
Here’s how to plow the land with a Neva motoblock with 8 cutters:
By changing the number of tines installed, it is possible to optimize the work of the entire Neva motoblock during cultivation, improve its controllability and the final result of loosened soil.
If you work on clayey soil, you should not install more than two pairs of tines for cultivation. Because otherwise there would be a tremendous load on the engine of the motor block. And instead of a good cultivation result we will get a faulty motor. Especially since the manufacturer does not recommend increasing the number of cutters when working with virgin lands, since the soil there has a large number of stones and other organic compounds.
It is recommended to install additional tillers only when working with already prepared soil. In this case, cultivation with a Neva power tiller will bring excellent results.
How deep the tillers will penetrate into the ground will depend on the pre-set adjustment, which is carried out with the help of the coulter. This is a steel anchor, which is located vertically in the place of coupling of the cultivator.
The greatest depth of plunge is characterized by the size of the cutter diameter.
How to assemble correctly
Quality and speed of cultivation depend on correct mounting of cutting elements. Before assembling the cutters of the power tiller, it is necessary to carefully inspect the elements included in the kit. On them we will see the letters L and R stamped. This means “left” and “right”. To avoid confusion, let’s divide them into two identical groups. The hubs, on which the knives are mounted, may have a round tube or hexagonal tube at their base. It depends on which shaft the cultivator has.
There is a small ledge on one side with a hole for a cotter pin and a landing place for the first link of blades. Let’s take one of the half axles. It will be positioned on the left, in the direction of travel. Assemble the first link, starting from the gearbox. Place the cutting edges so that they make a circle counterclockwise. We alternate placing the right and left knives. With 4 elements, 2 blades are at the bottom, 2 are on top of them. Where there is a cotter pin hole on the half axle, the blade should lie higher in front of the hole. Otherwise it will be difficult to install and remove the cotter pins.
Screw the element so that the base plate is between it and the gearbox. Otherwise the blade might catch on the gearbox cover. When the first link is ready, assemble the second.
Looking at any of the bolted knives, on the next plate find a position so that the new knife is looking in the same direction, but shifted a few degrees counterclockwise.
On the mounting plates we place the cutters on the same side as the first link. This is necessary to maintain the same distance between them. A properly assembled cutter, if you look at it from the end, has a spiral shape. Assemble the right tiller in the same way.
What to do if the cultivator digs in?
If the cultivator is buried in the ground, there are several things the operator must do.
- Remove outermost blades from the cutter. this will reduce the weight of the machine. Another way is to improve the balance of the machine, by installing any small weight at the rear of the machine. It is very important to fix the counterweight firmly, otherwise it will fall under the influence of engine vibration;
- To get the machine out of the ground quickly, switch the cultivator to reverse. If it is not provided in the design, you will have to pull the machine out of the ground by yourself;
- The operator must always adjust the position of the blades correctly when working. Their cutting blades must always point straight ahead of the machine.
In order to avoid burying the cultivator, you need to carefully inspect the transmission before working. This implement should be in good working order. A cultivator should not be used if the speeds on it are arbitrarily switched.
If a farmer notices this problem, the transmission gears need to be inspected. If the gear shift changes gears on its own, this indicates that the other machine components are jammed. To fix the problem you will need to adjust the distance between the channels and the transmission gears.
Purpose
Cultivating the land is a necessary process. Plowing occurs during it, but without lifting the bottom layer of soil. The cultivator, which is a technique for tilling the ground, goes over it to a set depth, loosens the top section, and then crumbles it into small pieces.
This results in a leveled field. An additional benefit is the clearing of ingrown weeds. In addition, cultivation helps to improve the flow of air into the ground, allows it to warm up faster, gain nutrients, retain moisture.
Knives on the cultivator give the ability to quickly and thoroughly plow different types of soil. With their help, it is possible to cultivate the land and then be satisfied with the following advantages:
- High level of plowing quality;
- Comfortable conditions for controlling the cultivator when cultivating the soil;
- A high level of reliability of the transmission;
- High cultivator efficiency.
There are several kinds of rotary hoes. Each is aimed at its intended purpose. They are mainly designed to loosen the soil, create a specific structure of the layer of soil that is cultivated, as well as to combat weeds.