Working with a band saw on wood

Band saw for wood Scheppach Basa 1.0

Wood band saw Holzmann HBS 230HQ

Saw band tensioner.

New tooling is set with teeth towards the operator and requires pre-tensioning.

The axle, on which the upper pulley is mounted, is not fixed in the wall of the upper part of the body, but in the slider console. By manually rotating the handwheel of the stem, the upper pulley is brought closer or moved away from the lower.
Sharp vibrations emanating from the drive pulley, for example, when chips fall between it and the blade or when a poorly made welded joint passes through, they are leveled by a spring damper, like a Powermatic PWBS-14CS wood band saw.

Saw blade failure is usually caused by: impeller misalignment, poor balance and excessive tension.

Low tension is also undesirable. It causes: slip on the lower pulley; heating due to increased friction; waviness of the end of the workpiece.
For precise finishing on professional band saws, such as JET JWBS-15-M, a tension indicator is installed. The arrow under the spring indicates the force required for the specific tool width..

Wood band saw JET JWBS-10

Band saw work table.

The workpiece is controlled and fed to the moving tooling by the operator manually on the table. It is manufactured from die-cast aluminum with subsequent milling, as on the Jet JWBS-9X; steel like Scheppach HBS 20 or vibration damping cast iron like Scheppach Basa 1.0.

To obtain cuts other than 90 °, the table is tilted at an angle of 45-50 ° from the machine, as in Scheppach HBS300, and up to 15 ° towards it, as in the Powermatic PM1800B, by rotating the handle of the gear mechanism and subsequent fixation.

Bandsaw Basics – WOOD magazine

To exclude touching the equipment of the ends of the desktop, an opening with a shallow chamfer is milled in it. A protection is inserted into the chamfer, a flat plastic part forming a flat plane with the surface. With its help, it is convenient to process small workpieces that do not fall through the opening..

Bandsaw for wood FDB Maschinen MJ90

Which band saw to choose.

2. LABOR PROTECTION REQUIREMENTS BEFORE STARTING WORK

2.1. Put on overalls, safety footwear and other personal protective equipment. Fasten overalls with all buttons, avoiding hanging ends of clothing, remove hair under the headdress. Check the clothes for sharp, piercing and cutting objects.
2.2. After receiving an assignment from the head, employees are required to check the serviceability and availability of tools and devices, fire extinguishing equipment, general ventilation systems, lighting of the workplace.
2.3. The personnel working on the band saw machine must make sure that the machine, all tools and equipment are in good working order, put on the overalls and safety footwear laid down in accordance with the norms. Clothes should be tucked in so that there are no loose ends, cuffs should be closed.
2.4. Check the idling of the machine:
– serviceability of controls (mechanisms of the main movement of feed, start, stop movement);
– serviceability of the lubrication and cooling system.
2.5. Check the presence and serviceability of the machine from the front side movable to the side or a folding screen that protects the worker from chips flying off during cutting, as well as equipping with a device for automatic cleaning of tooth cavities from chips during operation.
2.6. Check the presence and serviceability of the saw blade guard along the entire length, except for the area in the cutting zone. The saw of the machine in the non-working area, together with the pulleys, should be fenced with solid fixed guards, and in the working area – with a movable fence, installed according to the height (thickness) of the material being cut..
2.7. Production processes should be carried out only with serviceable instrumentation, grounding, protective fences, interlocks, starting equipment, technological equipment and tools.
2.8. Check the presence and serviceability of the device for catching the saw band when it breaks.
2.9. The tool in the workplace must be positioned so that it cannot roll or fall..
2.10. It is prohibited to put the tool on the railing of fences or on the edge of the scaffolding, scaffolds, near open hatches, wells..
2.11. Employees notify their immediate supervisor of all detected faults. The start of work in this case is allowed after troubleshooting and only after obtaining permission from the immediate supervisor.

3. REQUIREMENTS OF LABOR PROTECTION DURING WORK

3.1. Check the correct installation of the product before starting the machine.
3.2. The non-working area of ​​the band saw of the machine must be fenced.
3.3. During work, make sure that the pulleys of the band-cutting machine have a guard for the cutting blade along the entire length, with the exception of the area in the cutting zone, and also have guards on the sides.
3.4. Band-cutting machines must be equipped with a device that prevents injury from the cutting blade in case of rupture.
3.5. Make sure that in cutting machines, the fall of the cut workpieces is excluded.
3.6. The front of the saw frame of the hacksaw must not protrude beyond the end of the machine arm or must be shielded by a protective device.
3.7. The edges of the covers of cut-off saws and discs, band saws at the zone of their opening, as well as the inner surfaces of the covers must be painted in yellow signal color.
3.8. While the cut-off machines are in operation, ensure that the dust collectors are operating efficiently so that the spark torch is effectively captured. The design of the dust intake and the air duct extending from it to the suction device should provide for the possibility of convenient cleaning from carbon deposits formed when hot metal particles come into contact with the inner surfaces of the dust intake and air duct.
3.9. Cutting-off machines, if necessary, must be equipped with individual suction devices. If fabric filters are used in the suction device, the fabric must be fire-resistant or a spark arrestor must be installed in the suction section in front of the device..
3.10. Ensure that, during operation, circular saws do not have cracks, broken teeth, with chipped or fallen off plates from high-speed steel or carbide, bulging on the disc and with teeth burnt during sharpening.
3.11. Do not install saw blades with a hole diameter larger than the shaft (spindle) diameter, and also use insert rings (bushings) to reduce the hole diameter.
3.12. The band saw blade must be sanded and free from cracks, bulges, longitudinal waviness, bending of the trailing edge, pits from corrosion.
3.13. While the machine is in operation, it is prohibited to stand in the plane of rotation of the saw blade, push the chips out of the segments of the blade while it rotates, and also support the cut end of the workpiece with your hands..
3.14. Cleaning, lubricating and wiping machines, changing parts or cutting tools, cleaning shavings from under the machine should be done only after the machine has completely stopped, it is also allowed to leave the machine only after it has completely stopped.
3.15. The band saw blade must be sanded and free from cracks, bulges, longitudinal waviness, trailing edge bend, corrosion pits, etc..
3.16. While the machine is in operation, it is prohibited to stand in the plane of rotation of the saw blade, push the chips out of the segments of the blade while it rotates, and also support the cut end of the workpiece with your hands..
3.17. When sharpening circular saws, the concentricity of the tops of all teeth relative to the axis of rotation of the blade must be maintained. Sharpening of saws must be carried out in accordance with the requirements of the factory instructions..
3.18. It is forbidden to use circular saws with cracks on the disc or teeth, with two broken teeth in a row, with chipped or missing from the teeth HSS or hard alloy blades, bulges on the disc and with teeth burnt during sharpening is prohibited..
3.19. When machining metals by cutting on metal-cutting machines, it is necessary to comply with the requirements of GOST 12.3.025-80 “SSBT. Metal cutting. Safety requirements”.
3.20. The edges of the covers of cut-off saws and discs, band saws at the zone of their opening, as well as the inner surfaces of the covers must be painted in yellow signal color.

Varieties of aggregates

They are available in three types:

  • units with a toothed blade;
  • toothless friction machines;
  • electric spark saws.

From a hacksaw blade, the strip of a toothed saw differs in size in length and is made in the form of a ring, but in appearance in the open state they do not differ. Serrated strips are used for installation in tape machines for metal or wood, are used in meat and fish production for butchering carcasses, in industry they cut foam concrete, mineral insulation, foam and other building materials with their help.

The principle of toothless band friction is applied according to the same principle as the friction hole saws. There are also teeth on the working blade, but their shape contributes not to cutting, but to heating the treated layer. The release of heat in this case increases the performance of the unit. The cutting blade in friction saws is made with a thickness of 0.6-1.7 mm, with a width of 6 to 26 mm.

The electric spark action of the saw is used when cutting workpieces with a thickness of 150-400 mm, which cannot be processed with circular saws due to a sore pitch and diameter, which causes strong beating.

Working on a band saw for metal

working, band, wood

In the conditions of small-scale production, only metal band saws can cope with the tasks of cutting a variety of rolled products. Therefore, they are an indispensable attribute of many procurement industries. Today, we will dwell on the parameters of band saws, talk about the device and manufacturers.

Types of saws depending on the work with the material

The following division into categories is made according to the processing material:

  • for stone;
  • for metal;
  • for wood;
  • for synthetics.

Top 5 Uses for a Band Saw | How to Use a Bandsaw

Working with hard materials (metal, stone) is carried out with a tool in which the working saw blade is reinforced with heavy-duty teeth from the corresponding alloys. The wrong choice of the saw blade leads to its breakage and deterioration of the edges on the workpiece being cut. Before buying a saw, determine the front of further work.

Types of material for canvases

For cutting wood, strips of steels with high m carbon, blades with soldered carbide teeth and bimetallic strips are most often used. The bimetallic version provides for a flexible blade and hard teeth, for which two types of metal are used. The base of the strip is made of a springy material, a tool high-speed wire is welded to it using an electron-beam type of welding, from which a toothed profile is subsequently milled.

They produce blades that are universal in use and special saws used for specific steels. The area of ​​use is selected taking into account the parameters of the teeth:

  • size;
  • hardness;
  • geometry;
  • wiring.

For cutting large workpieces, strips with large teeth are used, in particular, for processing sheet metal of significant dimensions, blades with enlarged elements are used. To avoid beating of the blade and resonance phenomena, teeth of different sizes are attached to the same strip (variable pitch).

The hardness of the cutting elements depends on this indicator of the steel. Most often, in the manufacture of teeth, metal is used with the designation M42 (this means the edge hardness according to the Vickers category – 950 units). To machine tool steel, this indicator is small, therefore, the hardness of the teeth is M71 (100 units according to Vickers), work of medium complexity requires the hardness of M51.

The geometric shape is determined by the sharpening angle and the profile of the cutting element. To cut a profile (channel, corner, T-bar, I-beam, pipes) to size, it is required to form teeth with reinforced backs. This is dictated by the special shape of the profile, during the cutting of which shock and vibration occur, leading to the occurrence of chips and cracks. To process viscous stainless steel or other materials with similar indicators, the teeth are made sharp, a significant gap is left between them.

The layout of the cutting elements is done depending on the size and massiveness of the material being processed. For example, to prevent pinching when cutting solid massive material, strips are used on the saw with alternating narrow and wide wiring..

The device of band saws for metal

It is determined by the purpose and layout of the machine. Consider the options most often offered by manufacturers.

Two-column semi-automatic band saw manufactured by Indiamart. Its feature is hydraulic blade tension and hydraulic clamping, which is equipped with a hydromechanical sensor. The speed of movement of the saw blade can be varied over a wide range, since it is driven by an AC motor with a variator. The blade is of high quality, which ensures the execution of cutting and trimming operations. The use of such a band saw is effective in various sectors of economic activity: from the automotive industry to the production of building metal structures..

Fully automated two-column band saw from Irlen-Engineering (Russia-China). A feature of this machine is a widely variable speed of workpiece separation, good blade tension, excellent motion ability, a capacious hydraulic reservoir, as well as the ability to use when cutting metal with different strength.

Vertical single-column band saw machines from the Czech company Proma. The peculiarity of such equipment is convenient access to the workpiece and the tool from three sides, high cutting accuracy, high quality of the welded joint of the saw blade parts. The machine is a semi-stationary type, and can be easily moved from place to place.

Band saws for metal of the jet model series (Taiwan). The machine implements the classic concept of a straight cut, therefore such equipment is often called mechanical hacksaws. The design of such machines includes an oscillating frame and a crank mechanism, which provides a reciprocating movement of the saw blade. In terms of productivity, such machines are inferior to band saw equipment with a continuous belt..

Band saws from Enkor (Russia). Domestic manufacturers of the equipment in question with conventional control are represented by machines of the Corvette model range, which also belong to the class of mechanical hacksaws for metal. The machines are equipped with the necessary control and measuring devices, allow you to optimize the cutting speed, are equipped with highly resistant saw blades.

The obvious advantages of band saws for metal are the promptness of changing the technological parameters of cutting, compactness, the ability to customize the tool for cutting various metals. The price of the equipment is determined by its capacity and functionality. It is:

  • For saws with manual material feed – from 16 thousand to 50 thousand rubles;
  • For semi-automatic saws – from 85 thousand to 280 thousand rubles;
  • For automatic metal saws with CNC – from 600 thousand to 1.3 million rubles.

Band saws are high-performance equipment that allows you to cut curved and straight contours. The working tool is a flexible steel belt, closed in a ring, equipped with a row of teeth on one edge.

Aggregates began to be widely used only at the end of the 19th century, despite the fact that the first patent for a saw was obtained back in 1808 by an English designer. Then, in the coming years, such inventions were registered in France and the United States. The reason for such a dislike for the band saw was the inability to accurately connect the cutting blade..

Frame device

Solid wood is chosen for the bed to avoid vibration. The surface of the desktop can be made of thick plywood, and the side edges can be edged with slats or metal. The supporting bar is made in the form of a beam. A schematic drawing is made in advance, the dimensions of the parts on which depend on the horizontal dimensions and the height of the workshop. The pre-planned height of the frame, the diameter of the pulleys and the length of the rods are indicated. Accurate detail drawing can be made, which is more convenient for assembly.

The height of the table for work is provided for a comfortable size, while providing a place for placing the drive and lower pulley, waste chips and the engine itself. The shape of the table can be any, but often the bed is made in the form of a pedestal with closed sides, at the same time serving to accumulate shavings. Easy opening for easy cleaning.

The table top is located directly on the frame. Sometimes the height of the lower bed is not enough, in which case they make a strong extension to raise the surface of the working table to the desired height.

Technical parameters and design features

The band saw consists of:

  • C-shaped cast or welded bed.
  • Upper and lower pulley.
  • Toothed blades.
  • Electric motor.
  • Brake mechanism.
  • Guide ruler.

Machines with horizontal saw installation are considered the most powerful, they are able to cut not only frozen wood, but also hard tree species. The best band saws for wood are used in sawmills.

Advantages and disadvantages

Some people think that buying a band saw is a waste of money, just having a circular saw is enough. In fact, a band saw saves you working time and improves the quality of your workpieces. In factories and furniture factories, a band saw pays for itself in a short time and increases productivity.

Saw Band Advantages:

  • Quiet, fast and safe operation.
  • The benchtop model is lightweight and does not take up much space.
  • Saving energy.
  • Handles even logs and beams.
  • Will quickly make a figured cut.
  • Reduces the amount of chips.
  • Slices do not need to be sanded.

The disadvantages include the low durability of the tooth, which must be ground each time, as well as the need to prepare the machine..

TOP-10 wood band saws for home workshops and enterprises, as well as their characteristics

In the country or in production, it is difficult to do without a circular saw, which can easily handle any wood, but it is impossible to make an accurate figured cut with its help. In this case, a band saw for wood will come to the rescue, which can not only accurately and quickly deal with soft and hard wood, but also create a figured cut.

Einhell tc sb 200 1

The table saw not only handles wood, but also metal and plastic. Due to its small size, it takes up little space in the room, so this model is most often chosen for private workshops. Equipped with a powerful motor for long lasting performance. There is a pusher to ensure safety when cutting wood. Has a stabilizer that evenly distributes vibration throughout the body. Thanks to the tiltable workstation, workpieces of any shape can be made. The machine is turned on with two buttons. The housing is protected against corrosion, which prolongs its service life.

Top 10 best models

The rating includes both floor and table band saws, which are the most sold, are safe, have many functions and are inexpensive..

Jet jwbs 9x

The inexpensive bandsaw has won a place in the ranking due to its excellent woodworking result. Its disadvantage is low power, but it does not interfere with the work. Thanks to the belt drive, the machine generates a minimum of vibration. Workpiece thickness – 2 cm. The band saw is easily controlled and adjusted before each job. Equipped with a wing screw for quick adjustment of the band tension. The working area is illuminated by a lamp for comfortable work in a dimly lit room. A graduated scale is available for cutting the workpiece at the desired angle.

Density, size and pitch of teeth

The setting is the alternate bending of the teeth in different directions: the first to the left, the second to the right, and the third in the center. The more the saw teeth are tilted, the less the machine and saw band heat up. Correct dilution prolongs the life of the equipment, produces a clean cut and reduces vibration. If the teeth are not set enough, the sawdust will stick to the surface of the board. If the saw is set too far apart, there will be tooth marks on the board..

A blade with a certain tooth pitch is selected for each wood:

  • 19 mm – requires increased engine power and low feed, easily handles frozen wood.
  • 22 mm – common saw blade.
  • 25.4 mm – found on 5 cm wide saw blades, used in high speed work.

The higher the height of the tooth, the easier it is to handle hard or frozen wood, as well as logs. Small teeth are chosen for thin board and shape cutting.

With a low density of teeth, the load on the part decreases, with a high density, it increases.

After each start, it is necessary to re-sharpen the saw band. In this case, you need to ensure that the step remains the same..