What affects the voltage of an electric screwdriver

The greater the voltage of an electric screwdriver

Choosing the right one for a particular task is worth paying special attention to different properties. Among them are important not only the power of the device and the capacity of its battery, but in addition the battery voltage, and sometimes the value of torque.

When carrying out construction and repair work, the screwdriver is an indispensable tool that simplifies the screwing of various types of fasteners, and sometimes even the drilling of holes. And, despite the fact that there are two versions of this device. network and battery, more often for household tasks it is chosen the latter version. The parameters of the power tool itself and its characteristics such as voltage in the electric screwdriver, its power, torque and battery capacity are taken into account. Each of these indicators is important for evaluating and correctly selecting the device. Whereas it is not worth buying a screwdriver because of suitable power or voltage alone.

The main parameters of the battery and the tool itself

The main parameter that characterizes the work of the screwdriver, is the voltage of the battery, which, in turn, depends on the power of the electric motor and the torque. For domestic models, the difference in the voltage of the screwdrivers is small. on average, it is in the range of 10.8-14.4 V. productive versions, designed for constant use, can be equipped with batteries for 24-36 volts.

The battery voltage of an electric screwdriver also depends on the type of battery. the difference can be answered by knowing what metals were used for its manufacture. For nickel cadmium batteries, large in size with a similar capacity, the value is a multiple of 1.2 V (this is the voltage of one cell that makes up the battery pack), for lithium-ion batteries. 3.6 V.

Other equally important characteristics include:

• Torque, the value of which can be one of the main answers to the question of what the battery voltage of an electric screwdriver affects. This characteristic can be used to determine both the diameter and length of the screw or self-tapping screw to be driven. Big fasteners, as well as drilling deep and wide holes and hard materials require a serious torque value. Torque. 12-15 Nm (up to a maximum of 30 Nm) is enough for home models, from 30 Nm for professional models. Parameter is important, pay attention to it.
• If the maximum speed is lower than 1000 rpm, the tool is ideal for screwdriving and drilling in soft materials (wood, metal, plastic). If you are going to drill metal, choose models with speeds higher than 1500 rpm. They will have two speeds: the first is for fastening, the second is for drilling.
• For repetitive work (installing drywall sheets, linings), choose cordless screwdrivers with depth stop. For work at home suit both cordless and corded models, so choose what you prefer.

there are two types of torque of a screwdriver. starting torque (larger in value and required to start the device in operation) and constant torque, i.e. working torque. The value of the parameter in modern models of equipment can be adjusted. to find out how many modes can be selected for a particular device, you can find out in the documentation available for it. tools with impulse work mode (rotating part turning jerkily) have more possibilities to screw in. if you can periodically increase torque, they can screw in screws of a larger size.

The output torque value of electric motors is not constant and depends primarily on the speed of the motor, the higher the speed, the lower the torque on the shaft.

In addition to the voltage of an electric screwdriver and its power, you should also evaluate the battery capacity. Characteristic measured in ampere hours or milliampere hours. The greater the value, the longer the screwdriver can operate without recharging.

The average battery capacity of a household model is 1300 mAh, which is enough for 2-3 hours of work. Professional equipment requires a longer work time. and a craftsman who uses a screwdriver for a whole day at work should buy a model with a battery from 1.5-2.0 Ah and more.

What the Voltage of an Electric Screwdriver Affects

Selecting an electric screwdriver by voltage and other parameters

Choosing a screwdriver that is suitable for certain tasks should pay special attention to different properties. Among them are important not only the power of the device and its battery capacity, but in addition the battery voltage and sometimes the value of torque.

When carrying out construction and repair work, the screwdriver is an indispensable tool that simplifies the screwing of various types of fasteners, and sometimes even the drilling of holes. And, despite the fact that there are two versions of this device. network and battery, more often it is the latter variant that is chosen for household tasks. In this case, attention is paid to the parameters of the power tool itself and its characteristics, such as voltage in an electric screwdriver, its power, torque and battery capacity. Each of these parameters is important for evaluating and selecting the right tool. Whereas it is not worth buying just because of suitable power or voltage alone.

Basic parameters of the battery and the tool itself

The main of the parameters that characterize the operation of the screwdriver is the battery voltage, on which, in turn, depends on the power of the electric motor and torque. For household models, the difference in the voltage of the screwdrivers is small. on average, it is in the range of 10.8-14.4 V. productive versions, designed for constant use, can be equipped with batteries for 24-36 volts.

It also depends on the type of battery. to answer what the difference is, you can, knowing what metals were used for its manufacture. For nickel-cadmium batteries, large in size with a similar capacity, the value of the indicator is a multiple of 1.2 V (this is the voltage of one cell, which makes up the battery pack), for lithium-ion. 3.6 V.

Among other, no less important characteristics can be noted:

• power of an electric screwdriver, by which you can also determine the speed of tightening screws and self-tapping screws. For doing repairs by their own forces is quite enough models with a capacity of 500-700 watts. A professional repairman will need already more powerful equipment. for 800-850 watts;
• the number of revolutions of the rotating part per unit of time. This parameter determines whether the screwdriver can do the task at hand. for example, to tighten the desired type of fastener. Thus, for a bolt, self-tapping screw and screw will suffice 500 rpm, for drilling you will need already 1200 rpm;
• torque, the value of which can be one of the main answers to the question of what affects the battery voltage of an electric screwdriver. This characteristic can be used to determine both the diameter and length of the screw or screw to be driven. large fasteners, as well as deep and wide holes and hard materials, also require a high torque value. The maximum value of the indicator is 10-60 Nm.

There are two types of torque screwdrivers. starting torque (larger in magnitude and required to start the device in operation) and constant, that is, working torque. The value of the parameter in modern models of equipment can be adjusted. to find out how many modes you can select from a particular device, you can find in the documentation available on it. tools with pulse mode of operation (rotating part switching on jerks) have better screwing capabilities. by allowing you to periodically increase the torque, they can screw in a larger screw.

FAQ: how to choose an electric screwdriver

Who ever once rubbed his blisters with a screwdriver, trying to unscrew a rusty screw or screw in a dozen self-tapping screws?

What a screwdriver should be. Power

You think the bigger and wattier the screwdriver, the better? Not exactly. I bought it at pila.prom.ua.

The torque output of electric motors is not constant and depends primarily on the speed of the motor, the higher the speed, the lower the torque on the shaft.

In addition to the voltage and power of the electric screwdriver, you should also consider the battery capacity. The characteristic is measured in ampere-hours or milliampere-hours. The greater the index, the longer the screwdriver will be able to work without recharging.

The average battery capacity of the domestic model is 1300 mAh, which is enough for 2-3 hours of work. Professional equipment requires more time to perform work. and a craftsman who uses a screwdriver for a whole working day should buy a model with 1.5-2.0 Ah batteries.

Selection Features

When selecting power it is worth taking into account not only what power of an electric screwdriver is specified in the information from the manufacturer. Too high a capacity can cause the tool to drive too hard and drive the screw heads into the surface. As a result, the appearance of the coating is spoiled, and the fasteners, if necessary, are almost impossible to unscrew.

Choosing what voltage is better for an electric screwdriver, you should consider that the voltage is the main parameter of the device. So, for example, the motor power of an electric screwdriver Makita DDF343SHE is 700W, with a voltage of 14.4V, battery capacity of 1300 mAh and a torque of 36 Nm. Whereas another Hammer ACD182 has a weaker motor (22Nm) and a smaller battery capacity (1200 mAh) and appears to be 40% weaker. But due to the voltage of 18 V Hammer is able to tighten more fasteners without recharging, even inferior to the competitor in terms of battery capacity.

To understand why a seemingly less productive screwdriver is inferior to a more powerful one, it is possible to do a little calculation:

When choosing a screwdriver, it is advisable to take into account the presence of a spare battery. Some models even have 2 extra batteries. On the one hand, such a set will cost more (especially since the cost of the battery is up to 80% of the price of the equipment), but it will be much more convenient to work with. When performing household tasks, an additional battery is not necessary. the time of work performed with its help rarely exceeds 1-2 hours. While in the process of constant use of the screwdriver (for example, for repair work or furniture assembly) the second battery allows not to interrupt the work for more than a few minutes. A discharged battery is put on a charge, and a spare battery is installed in the device.

Screwdriver, how to choose? Power, voltage and torque

One of the common tools among craftsmen. a screwdriver. In terms of popularity, it is probably right behind the drill, although it includes some of its functions. The main purpose of this tool is to screw in screws, or rather, to screw in self-tapping screws.

Let’s look at the basic requirements that you need to consider when choosing a screwdriver. They are divided into two main types, namely, the network, operating from 220 volts, and rechargeable, working, respectively, from the battery. Since mains-powered wrenches are not very common, we will not discuss them specifically, but only say that many selection parameters are automatically relevant to the mains-powered wrenches.

How many volts a screwdriver should be?The battery voltage of the screwdriver directly affects its power. We know from school physics course that the power is equal to the product of voltage by the amperage. It follows that the higher the operating voltage of the battery, the higher the power of the device. Of the screwdrivers on the market, battery voltages of 6, 12, 18, 24 and 36 volts are common. This voltage is always indicated by the manufacturer on the product label.

How many watts a screwdriver should be?This question was partly addressed in the previous paragraph. But to summarize, the more powerful a cordless screwdriver is, the more comfortable it is to work with. It is worth taking into account that the power of the device should correspond to the battery. The power of the battery must be designed according to the power consumption of the motor that is built into the screwdriver. If you have the wrong ratios, you can get a quick discharge of the battery. Another thing to note is that the more powerful the device and the more powerful the power source, the higher the weight and dimensional characteristics of the tool. And as a consequence. the higher price of a screwdriver. If we consider the battery power, it is most likely correct to say battery capacity, not power. It is measured in ampere hours and denoted as Ah.

Screwdriver, with which battery to choose?Three types of maintenance-free batteries are common in household appliances and tools: nickel-cadmium (Ni-Cd). Nickel metal hydride (Ni-MH) and lithium ion (Li-Ion) batteries. The first and second have a huge disadvantage. memory. Over time, these types of batteries begin to charge and discharge incompletely. This results in a loss of cell power, or simply put, a loss of our precious ampere-hours. And the average charge-discharge cycle is 1000. Batteries will fail quickly if the tool is used intensively. There are various ways to reanimate such capacities, but it is quite problematic, and they are not fully and permanently restored. Lithium batteries have no memory effect, but they don’t tolerate extreme temperatures. But they are much lighter and more durable than conventional batteries. The price you pay for owning a lithium ion battery will be the higher cost of the screwdriver.

How much torque a screwdriver should have?Clarification is needed here. It is the tightening torque of the screwdriver, or more precisely the torque. For car enthusiasts, the term “torque” is probably familiar. not to overload you with definitions I will tell simply. the torque is the maximum constant load on the screwdriver, at which the device can continue screwing at a constant speed. The higher the torque, the longer and thicker the screws you can drive into walls and other obstacles. Torque is measured in newtons per meter and is referred to briefly as Nm. It is advisable not to buy wrenches with less than 10-12 Nm of torque.

Screwdriver, what speed to choose?Here you have to decide for yourself. If you want to use the device only for tightening screws, that’s one thing, but if you also want or need to drill something at random, then this device should have completely different characteristics. Speaking about characteristics we will have in mind rotor speed. For a standard screwdriver it is about 750 rpm. there are also two speed models which might be a little bit more expensive but you get two speed ranges. For example 750 and 1200 rpm. Is the second speed really that important for a screwdriver?? It’s hard to say, for the work will be done in either case. You won’t feel it at all if you’re screwing in small amounts, but a screwdriver as a drill is just glimpsed on the horizon. But then again, the speed of a full-featured drill averages 2400 rpm. If your screwdriver can do that, fine. The opposite is the case when they want a drill to turn a screwdriver into a screwdriver. It won’t exactly be an equivalent exchange, since the drill doesn’t have a friction. The friction is a device that’s set to operate at a certain torque. If you are screwing in small screws, you might want to set the torque to a lower value. Otherwise, the high torque screwdriver will drive the screw so deep that it can cause defects in the wall, a board and other parts into which the screw was screwed. The drill has no friction by default.

Is it worth getting a screwdriver with a torque function??The torque is a function of the drill and is used to drill hard surfaces like concrete, brick, etc.п. If you want your screwdriver to work even as a good drill, then feel free to buy a model with this “trick”. Otherwise, it is a superfluous function and not worth overpaying for. Be sure to read Why can’t I drill in concrete?? Drills burn out and break.

screwdriver, whose screwdriver to choose? precisely the question sounds like a screwdriver which manufacturer to choose. In this situation the choice is up to you. All of these selection factors we have discussed. You are left with the parameters of convenience, price, and personal sympathy. we won’t list famous brands and tell you about their advantages and disadvantages. You will work with the tool. Look at. Whether or not it fits well in your hand, whether or not it is heavy when you work for long hours, etc.п. I am sure you will get what you need!

Why light bulbs burn out

Blinking energy-saving bulb

Other ways to upgrade

Radio amateurs offer many options for upgrading the tool. Some of them are very simple and are reduced to the use of off-the-shelf power supplies, while others require knowledge of electrical engineering and give the device versatility. Classification of ways:

• Power adapter for laptop.
• Connecting a computer switching power supply (power supply unit).
• Application of a 12-volt car battery.
• Assembling a homemade power supply.

Using a laptop charger is the optimal solution. In addition, you need to know the parameters of the electric screwdriver and charger (there are 12 V and 19 V), as well as take into account the size of the latter (for installation in the battery compartment). You need to solder the output of the laptop power adapter, to the terminals of which the battery is connected.

Hammer ACD142

Medium Specifications:

• impact-free power drill electric screwdriver
• removable battery 1.2 A⋅h, 14.4 В
• weight 1.5 kg
• 18 Nm of torque
• quick-action chuck
• 10 mm chuck diameter
• carrying case

Everything about this power drill is convenient: the grip, the LED spotlight, the magnetic bit holder. And all this for an affordable price. You get 2 rechargeable lithium-ion batteries and a roomy carrying case.

One of the reviews says that the electric screwdriver survived a 2-meter drop. We will not, of course, check this strong statement. But if it is true, the robustness of the chuck is a joy to use.

Advantages: low weight, enough rpm even for tightening big screws.

Disadvantages: the battery runs out quickly, flimsy reverse switch, the material is denser chipboard can not drill.

PATRIOT BR 141Li 2018

Medium Features:

• Impactless drill/driver
• removable battery 2 A⋅h, 14.4 В
• weight 1.1 kg
• Torque of 27 Nm
• quick-action chuck
• chuck diameter 10mm
• Included additional battery, case

American brand Patriot is known for its high quality and inexpensive garden, construction and garage products. Here’s one of their products, the BR 141Li 2021, which is the lowest price in the top 3 best screwdrivers 14.4 V, and thus earned the favor of Russian users.

This model is made in a fully rubberized housing, has a lighted working area, an impressively large torque and two speeds. It is small in size, which is good, because it allows you to use the electric screwdriver in narrow and awkward places to work.

Pros: lightweight, revolving, comes with two Li-Ion batteries, hand strap and belt clip.

Zubr ZDA-14.4-2 KIN20

Average Characteristics:

• Impact-free drill/driver
• Removable battery 2 A⋅h, 14.4 В
• weight 1.6 kg
• torque 36 Nm
• quick-action chuck
• chuck diameter 0.8. 10 mm
• Included additional battery, case

Why is this particular electric screwdriver from the Russian manufacturer the best in its category?? There are five main reasons for this.

Firstly, because of the increased capacity of the battery

Two batteries provide up to 12 hours of power, which is important for people who use an electric screwdriver for a long time

Secondly, because of the quality of workmanship and unpretentiousness. It works reliably even at sub-zero temperatures and after lying in an unheated garage for a long time.

Thirdly, because of the high torque.

Fifth, because of the 5-year manufacturer’s warranty.

Pros: extra battery, large carrying case and bit included.

How many amps in a battery of an electric screwdriver

The current consumption of the screwdriver. After long battles on the forum and here, I decided to take readings with the help of devices. For those who are not in the battery, are batteries from a laptop. Respect for the video! When falling below 3 volts acums begin to degrade quite rapidly, so I agitate for high-current acums, they sag to 3 volts per cell occurs only under a load of 30 amps per cell. Soldered 4 x 2 cans from a laptop balanced connector. Charged it with aimax sixth in the end, one charge is enough to spin the metal tile working day. was made two roofs of about mkv each. The acum is alive and well. Now there’s controller boards on china for 10 bucks each. so you can use the regular charger. But it is time to switch to LiFePo4 to date, modification of one acum on the lithium-iron will cost 40 bucks 4 banks Lifepo4 and the controller board. If overfill nicd then about Useful, I signed up, for myself once again convinced that with a lithium-ion battery and the balancer board, the “screwdriver” will live longer.

It is quite realistic to check the battery capacity of an electric screwdriver, having only a multimeter and a known load. This requires a charge-discharge cycle. Connect the fully charged battery to the equivalent of an electric screwdriver and monitor the battery voltage and discharge time to the bottom level.

Discharge of the battery with resistive load (current must be monitored).

For example, a nickel-cadmium battery with a nominal capacity of 1500 mAh (1.5 Ah) discharged with a current of 1 A from a voltage of 1.25 V to 1.1 V in 1 hour. So, its actual capacity is 1000 mAh (1Ah). If you discharge with a current of 0,5 A, then at this capacity the discharge to the lower limit will occur within 2 hours, but it should be remembered that the capacity depends on the discharge current.

This way you can check not only the battery as a whole but also each element separately. This is the way to identify the lagging banks, and if one or more cells are out of the range in capacity, you should decide to cull and replace them. If the capacity has dropped in all cells (consequently, in the entire battery), it is necessary to change the battery completely.

In the following clips you can visually see examples of electric screwdriver diagnostics.

Having one multimeter, it is possible to make a preliminary (and even deeper) diagnosis of the electric screwdriver battery condition, not just to check the continuity of elements of a circuit. To do this, you only need to know the testing techniques outlined in the review.

Battery life for an electric screwdriver

The battery can last about three to four years if used and stored properly. In practice, this period is sometimes reduced to two years. It is very expensive to constantly change the tool, so it is better to choose the best option for a particular purpose at once.

There are 3 different types of batteries:

Regardless of battery type, battery life depends on how many charges are used and how they are stored. That is, the more the tool works, the faster it discharges. Downtime” has a negative effect on the life of the tool, especially if stored in a state where the tool is dead.

Electric screwdriver battery design and types of “banks

Regardless of the country of manufacture of the electric screwdriver, all batteries have the same structure. Inside the battery are rows of battery cells connected in series. batteries or “cans”. The total voltage of the battery is created by summing the voltage of each battery cell. The “banks” have the same parameters. size and voltage. The only difference between the batteries is their power.

The electric screwdriver battery itself has four contacts:

• The two power contacts are used to charge and discharge the batteries;
• the third contact (control contact) is connected to the thermal sensor built into the battery. It serves to protect the charger from overheating;
• the fourth contact (service contact) equalizes the charges in all batteries.

Electric screwdriver batteries are composed of the following types of storage cells, which have their own advantages and disadvantages.

Ni-Cd. nickel-cadmium batteries, voltage. 1.2 V.

• The production of these batteries is considered harmful, which is why they are made in “third” countries;
• have “memory effect”;
• self-discharge;
• have a small capacity;
• have short amount of cycles (charge/discharge). do not “live” for a long time under constant use.

Ni-MH. nickel-metal hydride batteries, voltage. 1.2 V;

• are manufactured in environmentally friendly production, branded products of high quality;
• has a low “memory effect”;
• Low self-discharge capability;
• have a high capacity and a high number of cycles.
• high price;
• part of characteristics is lost after a long period of storage in discharged state;
• do not function for a long time at low temperatures.

Li-Ion. Li-Ion batteries, voltage. 3.7 V.

• There is no “memory effect”;
• there is no self-discharge;
• have a high capacity;
• there is a large number of charge and discharge cycles;
• a small number of batteries are required to create sufficient voltage in the battery, which reduces the weight and size of the battery.

In its essence, the battery is a direct current source. By converting a chemical reaction into electrical energy, it can release the stored electricity into the circuit. When charging, current flows in the opposite direction, thereby charging the drive.

Any battery operates on the principle of electrolysis. This means that it has two obligatory elements, the anode and the cathode, which are in the electrolyte. As a result of a chemical reaction, an electrical charge is created on the poles. The battery voltage is determined by the potential difference at the poles.