Winter Tooth Saw On Band Saw • CIMFLOK.COM

Sawing a band saw

The process of divorce is considered an operation associated with bending the saw teeth in different directions in order to reduce the friction of the saw band on the side surfaces of the cut and to prevent its clamping. For the free movement of the blade in the wood, it is necessary to provide a cut width exceeding the blade thickness by at least 30-60%.

The wiring is divided into several types, and they do not yet have well-established names, since the manufacturers of saws call them differently.

The standard layout is characterized by alternately bending the teeth from different sides.

Standard Wiring Diagram

When cleaning wiring, the teeth of the saw blade are divided into three, two of which are bent in different directions, and the third remains in place.

Schematic wiring diagram

It is mainly used when working with hardwood. The trapezoidal shape of every third tooth remaining in the center of the saw sets the direction of the entire saw blade.

The most difficult to execute is a wavy layout, since each subsequent tooth in the half-wave is bent by an ever-increasing value.

Wave pattern

With any type of wiring, the tooth bends not from the base, but indented by 33-67% of the tooth height. Despite the fact that each manufacturer dictates its requirements regarding indicators related to divorce, they all do not go beyond 0.3-0.7 mm.

It is generally accepted to cut trees with soft wood with band saws that have a large divorce, and with hard. small. But in any case, the divorce should be such that sawing occurs without the formation of a cut wedge in the center.

All teeth must be bent by one and the same amount when bred with an allowable error of up to 0.1 mm. If the wiring is not the same, then the saw will be pulled in the direction of a larger divorce.

Divorce Devices

For divorce, there are special adjustable devices that differ in great variety and functionality. Today, many experts appreciate the KEDR saw wiring device for its reliability, simplicity and ease of use, as well as its low price.

It is a manual application machine that provides wiring accuracy of 5 microns. The machine is equipped with special support stands to facilitate its use. The presence of a dial indicator on the machine maximizes the accuracy of wiring.

Carefully thought over design of the KEDR adjustable-angle device ensures efficient and effective use of the entire saw resource specified by the manufacturer. It can be easily adjusted to the necessary parameters of the divorce to ensure optimal cutting width. As a result, less engine power can be dispensed with, since friction forces during sawing are reduced.

This straightening machine easily and simply provides wiring at which sawing resistance is minimal.

Each of the wood species has a characteristic rigidity. Depending on this characteristic, the pitch of the saw teeth should vary. For hard rocks, the pitch should be less.

Despite the obvious advantages of this machine over other devices of a similar purpose, it has an affordable price, which also contributes to its greater recognition in the vastness of Russia.

The machine for distributing band saws "KEDR" has the following technical characteristics:

overall dimensions. 28.5×12.1×36 cm;
saw blades for divorce. up to 5 cm;
step of the divorced saws. 2.2 cm;
weighing 5.2 kg.

Recall about simpler devices for divorcing saw-hacksaws. Their use for band saws is associated with low accuracy and high complexity. Their use is justified only in the absence of special devices.

Wiring

Signs of a properly bred saw

The correctness of the divorce can be judged by the contents of the cut, filled with a mixture, 2/3 of which are sawdust and 1/3 of air. In practice, this is manifested in the fact that a saw with the correct intelligence evacuates from the cut more than 4/5 of the volume of wood fines.

With a very large wiring in the cut, the air volume increases and the waste disposal deteriorates. With a small tooth bite, the board is covered with a layer of tightly pressed hot sawdust.

If the divorce is too large, the sawing will be jerky, with a small. it will become undulating. We consider it worthwhile to remind once again that only the upper part of the tooth is bred so that sawing occurs only with an acute angle at the very top of the tooth. Before a divorce, the saw is sharpened with a minimum of metal removal, literally limited to stripping the burrs.

Why did a saw cut badly?

This may be due to a large angle of sharpening of the tooth, which is accompanied by a jump up when the saw enters the wood. Then, usually sawing proceeds normally to the very end, but at the exit from the log the saw falls down. This sawing mode is called “squeezing”, because the saw is squeezed. The way out is to reduce the angle of sharpening a degree by 2-3.

With a significant angle of sharpening and insufficient divorce, the saw jumps upward at the beginning of the entrance to the log and the shape of the board turns out to be a curve in the form of a saber. The quality of the board is restored by reducing the angle of sharpening by 2 degrees and increasing the divorce. The board will look like a "saber" and when "diving" the saw down. This is a joint consequence of a small sharpening angle and insufficient wiring. To get out of this position, you can increase the grinding angle by two degrees and increase the divorce.

If the board is plentifully covered with sawdust, friable to the touch, this signals a small stain, which requires an increase while reducing the sharpening angle.

Cutting in the form of a wave with a sharp saw is caused by a too small stain, which must be brought to a normal value.

Sawing a dull, never-regrind saw will cause it to crack along the hollows of the tooth. The same can happen if you try to dissolve a tree with a saw whose divorce is insufficient for this work or continue to saw with a dull blade.

Cracks can form on the saw from the back when the distance between the rear stops of the guide rollers and the rear of the blade is too large.

The phenomenon of “rolling” sawdust onto the blade is observed when the saw teeth are not too diluted and there is not enough air in the cut. In this case, the saw warms up due to friction against the sawdust, which leads to the sintering of wood dust on the saw blade.

If the “rolling” of the sawdust occupies the internal surface of the tooth and the saw blade is clean, this can be explained by a number of reasons: poor sharpening (too high feed or too thick material that results in poor quality of the tooth cavity surface), excessively huge grinding angle of the teeth or continuation of sawing dull a saw.

Sometimes cracks are observed from the side of the tooth cavities. Usually this happens when a lot of metal is removed in one pass with regrinding, which leads to a change in the edge of the tooth.

Many problems can be avoided if you pay enough attention to the sharpening stone and constantly and carefully refuel it.

It must be remembered that no matter how good a machine is used to dissolve wood, it is just a saw drive. The quality and efficiency of cutting by 90% is associated with proper maintenance of the saw and only 10% of the general condition of the machine.

The grinding angle is determined by the angle of departure of the tooth edge from the vertical line. Desirable in most cases, the angle of sharpening is 10-12o. If hardwood and frozen wood are cut, then the angle of sharpening should be 8-10o. For sawing soft rocks, it increases to 12-15o.

Tooth alignment greatly affects the properties of the cutting edge of the tooth. It must be remembered that sharpening the teeth reduces their height, and hence the wiring.

The grinding parameters of the band saw as a function of the type of wood spread are shown in the table below.

Is the smallest acceptable value.

These tabular data are not prescriptive in nature; therefore, each type of wood requires an individual selection of tool parameters. The quality of sawing is connected not only with the successful selection of these indicators, but also from the place where the application is in progress, or from the region where the wood grows, which is delivered here for sawing. The fact is that even trees of the same species can have different densities and gums due to the region.

In order to give the band saw greater durability and to obtain a high-quality cut, it is necessary to abundantly wet the blade with water when sawing trees with a high resin content. Saws, for sawing trees with a low resin content, need a soapy solution for wetting. In cold weather, it is best to wet the saw with diesel fuel.

Correct divorce and sharpening a band saw is half the success!

The most important factor in the success of a sawmill business is which saws are used in production. The size of the saw, the material from which it is made, and the technology by which it is made, matters.

But even the use of saws of the optimum size, produced according to the most modern standards, will not allow you to get the profit you are counting on if these saws are not correctly sharpened and divorced. Improper saw blade sharpening and sharpening lead to defects on the lumber, which means that its cost drops significantly.

Particularly important is the correct sharpening and separation of saws when working on a tape sawmill. Unfortunately, in practice, many people even confuse the sequence of these procedures: first they make a saw, then they grind it. As a result, the saw tooth divorce goes away, and the saw needs to be bred again, or, if this is not done, the quality of the finished product will leave much to be desired.

If we talk about machines on which sharpening and sawing are performed, then every detail is really important here. The Emerald Forest company has contributed to the development of high-quality adjustable and sharpening devices.

The adjustable machine has the correct geometry. when installing the saw in the adjustable machine, the tooth root is between the cheeks that clamp the saw. In many other machines, including from a number of well-known manufacturers, this condition is not fulfilled. Therefore, when bending the tooth, both the tooth and the saw body deviate. Technically correct saw blade divisions imply something else: the pusher abuts 1/3 of the tooth and bends only its tip. In the manufacture of the adjustable machine, two clamping stops are used, which, with light pressure on the handle, press the tooth against the indicator head. The pusher, not reaching the tip of the tooth, shows the actual divorce on the band saw. If it is insufficient, the operator presses the tooth until it is diluted to the required size. We consider it very important to pay attention to one point: the tooth of a band saw has such a property as metal memory. Because of it, under the influence of inertia, the tooth tends to return to its original position. Therefore, for proper wiring, it is not enough to make one click on each tooth: it is necessary to act on the tooth several times so that it remembers its position. If someone tells you that it is enough to click on each tooth once, know: you are misled.

Two clamping stops with powerful springs used in the machine show the actual tooth tooth bend, which is very convenient: you do not need to unscrew the pusher endlessly and reconnect to find out how the tooth tooth has been retracted.

Another strength of the adjustable machine manufactured by the company is the ease and safety of the operator’s work: tooth extraction does not occur due to the operator pushing the pusher forward, as in a number of analogues, but due to the operator’s own weight and using an eccentric. As a result, the operator does not experience sprains. So, high-quality adjustable and sharpening machines are what, undoubtedly, should be in the arsenal of each owner of the sawmill. But by themselves, they do not guarantee the quality of lumber, they will not allow the saw to serve for a long time if sawmills with serious technical flaws are used in production. For example, if the rollers are made with a cone, or they became conical, because the saw has undermined them, then even with the correct sharpening and wiring, the saw begins to look for its place in the log. This will happen because the rollers are tilted. If the pulleys on the sawmill are divorced and are not in the same plane, then the saw is not flared clearly in the middle, but from the sides, and then the voltage goes to the edge of the tape blade. It also reduces the life of the saw.

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So the role of the correct wiring and sharpening of the saw, of course, is great, but these factors do not determine 90% of quality sawing, as is commonly believed. It’s just that the saw itself will not be able to cut perfectly evenly and will not fail for a long time if, for example, a hard tension is used on the sawmill.

If you are just starting your business and have not yet had time to get acquainted with all these nuances, we recommend that you contact those who have been working in the market for more than a year. Telephone of the central office of the Emerald Forest company in Novosibirsk. Contact us and we will advise you on the choice of equipment based on your needs and your budget.

Finding the perfect place

Optimum conditions. own workshop or other premises for processing such materials. The minimum area of such a building is 18 m2. The most straightforward way out is to “deploy” the sawmill in the open, but it has a big drawback. These are sawdust flying to its territory, as well as descending into neighboring areas.

In this situation, the most reasonable solution is to build a solid fence around the unit. The role of material for the fence can be plywood or polycarbonate. A large canopy, arranged above the sawmill, is also not bad, since the roof will allow you to work in any weather conditions. The next requirement is the place where the manufactured lumber will be stored, therefore this issue must be resolved before the start of the project.

Band Saw Sharpening

Band saws, which are blades with a serrated edge, connected by ends to a continuous tape, have their own inherent advantages. The cut width left by them is less than the cut width from circular saws. When sawing ordinary wood, this feature may not be very important, however, when cutting valuable wood and cutting expensive metal, this is significant.

Band Saw Sharpening

The small width of the cut makes relatively low energy costs for cutting the material. And finally, with a band saw, you can cut the workpiece of almost any thickness, while the geometry of the circular saw imposes restrictions on the thickness of the material cut by it.

However, to take advantage of all these advantages, band saws need to be able to properly prepare for work. The main preparatory operations include sharpening and wiring band saws.

Band saws are made from different materials. depending on which material they are intended for cutting.

Saws for wood are made of tool alloy steel having a hardness of 40-45 HRC. Domestic manufacturers use 9HF, B2F steel (for band saws for metal) and other foreign ones. their own steel (C75, Uddeholm UHB 15, etc.). When hardening the teeth of such saws with high-frequency currents, they can acquire hardness of up to 64 HRC and higher.

Saws for cutting carbon steel and non-ferrous metals of small thickness are also made of tool steel with obligatory filling of teeth with high-frequency currents. However, more often for metal cutting, bimetallic saws are used, in which the blade is made of spring steel, and the strip on which the teeth are cut, the separation of band saws of high speed steel with a high content of tungsten and cobalt. After hardening, it acquires a hardness of up to 65-69 HRC. High speed steel is welded to the base of the saw with an electron beam.

Teeths with greater wear resistance are obtained by fusing them with stellite (an alloy based on chromium and cobalt with tungsten and / or molybdenum additives) or soldering hard alloy plates to them. Such saws are superior in their cutting abilities to bimetallic ones. They are used for cutting fiberglass, tires, cables, reinforced plastics, heat-resistant alloys, graphite, aerated concrete, bricks and other materials that are difficult to process by cutting.

The geometry of the teeth of band saws

Band saw teeth profile

Characteristics of teeth of band saws

Specific cars for a large family of sharpening angles for band saws are determined by manufacturers, based on many factors. In general, one can distinguish such a dependence. the harder the wood, the smaller the rake angle (γ).

For saws for metal, a different tooth shape is also used, depending on which metal they are intended for cutting. Saws with a constant pitch distinguish two main forms.

Standard, designed for cutting thin-walled metal with short chips with a rake angle (γ) of 0 °.

A tooth with a positive rake angle (γ) used in saws for cutting thick-walled metal with long chips.

For thin-walled material, saws with a relatively small pitch are used (the number of teeth per inch of the nuclear family is from 4 to 18). Saws for cutting thick-walled material do not need a large number of teeth, their number is 1.25-6 teeth per inch.

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To eliminate the effect of resonance leading to blade vibrations, some saws are made with a variable pitch, at which the distance between the teeth varies within a separate group. The step size is indicated by the largest and smallest values.

Sawing a band saw

Divorce is the operation of bending the teeth of a saw to one or the other side in order to reduce the friction of the saw blade against the walls of the cut and prevent it from being clamped. In order for the web to move freely in the cut, the width of the latter should be 30-60% greater than the web thickness.

There are several types of wiring, the names of which may differ from different manufacturers. The main types are.

Correct divorce and sharpening a band saw is half the success!

The most important factor in the success of a sawmill business is which saws are used in production. The size of the saw, the material from which it is made, and the technology, matter.

Band Saw Sharpening

Video: Winter Tooth Saw On Band Saw

Band Saw Sharpening

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Rotate logs

When approaching the remainder of the height of the log to the desired size, it is turned over. If you want to get a beam 150 mm thick, the sawn width and the remainder of the height of the log should be slightly larger than this size, taking into account the slab.

When the log is turned upside down, the remainder of the height after the cut is performed is measured, and the material is calculated before using this size completely.

This is how logs are cut

The remainder of the height of the log after cutting is 270 mm. The goal is to get a beam 150 mm thick: 270–150 = 120 mm.
From 120 mm, it is necessary to obtain a chop of 50 mm: 120–60–3 = 57 mm. A value of 3 mm is given per cut.
Tesina 25 mm: 67–25–3 = 40 mm.
Fisheries 25 mm: 40–25–3 = 12 mm.
The croaker is 12 mm.

Further lumber production is achieved by turning the log at an angle of 90 degrees and similar calculations. One of the common mistakes is that the cut allowance is not taken into account or is added more times. The master needs to be careful.

How to sharpen and breed a saw

Band saws are often sold in unfinished condition. A professional tool must first be diluted and then sharpened. Once every two to three years, the wiring process is repeated. An improperly diluted and poorly sharpened saw can ruin all the work.

How to sharpen and breed the saw correctly? First you need to understand the essence of these processes. After all, the preparation of a hand tool is different from the preparation of an electric one. Hand saws have a completely different tooth shape and working technique.

Why make a saw

Wiring is such a process, as a result of which the teeth of the band saw are bent in different directions. Even teeth bend in one direction, odd. in the other.

Before you breed a band saw, you need to understand why this is necessary. Meaningless processes usually do not bring a good result. It is known that during sawing, the width of the cut should be twice as large as the thickness of the saw blade. If there is already a cut, then the saw will start to get stuck in it. If the wiring is incorrect, the web may bend. As a result, the saw will go crooked, and a smooth cut will not work.

Wiring Methods

One of the easiest ways to breed saw teeth is with pliers. You just need to take each clove and bend alternately in different directions.

The tooth must be clamped by two-thirds, then the bias will be correct.

As a result of this work, half of the teeth will be bent to the right, and half to the left. Another wiring method is carried out using a special tool.

Sharpening

After breeding, the saw must be sharpened. This is done using a special set of simple tools. You can sharpen a band saw using a regular trihedral file. During sharpening, moving the file away from you, it is pressed to the teeth. Moving in the opposite direction, it should be slightly rejected.

If you can sharpen a circular saw only with the help of a whole set of tools, the band saw can be brought into working condition with just one simple trihedral file.

The teeth of the band saw should be pointed from two vertices.

In the working process, you can also grind the teeth using a bar. When the saw is constantly sharpened, the wiring gradually disappears, the cloves are aligned. In order to return the instrument to its working form, the dilution is repeated again. Major wiring and sharpening is not required very often.

Saw Care

It is important for a saw to be able to not only breed and sharpen. You must also be able to store it. When the tool is not in use, it should be placed in a warm and dry place. If moisture gets on the saw, it will rust.

Even processed with special compounds, the saw will not be able to withstand all aggressive factors.

You need to be careful about the tool, and then it will serve for a very long time. A saw usually wrapped in material is stored. You can also provide a case for her. Leaving the tool for winter at BAL-KO is not recommended.

Types of Band Saws

Band saws vary in tooth size. You should also highlight:

Two-handed saws are sharpened and bred in the same way as ordinary single saws. The whole difference of such an instrument is that two people work with it at once.

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Using band saws, wood and varieties of this material are most often sawn. The tree does not require too much impact, it is a soft material that is easily sawn and drilled. However, in the process, it is desirable to still secure the logs and boards. During sawing, be careful not to keep your hand too close to the groove of the saw. This could result in serious injury.

For the primary processing of wood, sawmills are used, with which the workpiece is cut into the elements required in size and shape. One of the most common wood sawing machines is a band saw, which has several advantages over other types.

In order for the cutting blade to work as long as possible, it requires periodic maintenance. This includes sharpening and distributing saws of the band sawmill. These operations should be carried out necessarily, otherwise the blade will become very dull very quickly, and the productivity of the machine will greatly decrease. Further use of such a tape can lead to its destruction.

The first cut

It is important to choose the face of the sawn wood to start processing. When sawing timber and circular machining, the craftsmen use 2 methods.

The worst facet is to be cut first, the taper of the log is not taken into account. Taking this feature into account means tilting, raising the log so that the saw runs parallel to the bark. Short boards and a large amount of croaker will come out of this part.

Since tapering is not taken into account, from the best edge of the log, sawing will go parallel to the bark without tilting and lifting, this approach will allow you to get a maximum of long boards of good quality.

Drawing of a board of different cut

Start with cutting the best edge of the log, but take into account the taper. That is, install the log so that the saw is directed parallel to the bark.

The result will be the same, but in the second method, it is easier for the sawer to choose the best face, since it is visible. In the first method, the best part is hidden and there may be inaccuracies when installing the log. If the sawn wood is of high quality, both methods work the same. With raw materials of lower quality it is better to apply the second method.

Wiring purpose

The distribution of the band sawmill has a very important function. it significantly reduces friction between the blade and the wooden workpiece due to the increase in the width of the cut. This is achieved by bending the teeth relative to the blade. But over time, during operation, the cutting elements change their position, which leads to a decrease in the size of the cut. As a result, friction is greatly increased, and this can cause the fabric to bite.

The operator performing the service needs to know how to make the saw blade straight. Failure to comply with the parameters can lead to a wave cut, blade removal. In addition, a certain sequence of bending of the teeth must be observed.

According to the instructions, the band saws must be bred only on a special machine that has in its design an indicator for determining the size of the bend. In this case, all the teeth should be taken away by the same amount. The range of divorce varies from 0.3 to 0.7 mm.

Inspection of the details of the mechanism

Before starting work, it is necessary to inspect the nodes of the sawmill.

The lifting mechanism moves the frame "up and down" by means of a transmission driven by an electric motor. The control panel is located in an electrical cabinet mounted in the upper jumper of the bed; a ground connection is required. The band saw frame consists of two beams connected to each other. At the ends there are saw pulleys:

“Leader”. fixed motionless;
“Slave”. moves longitudinally.

Band saw frame diagram

The power-saw bench is equipped with a saw tension device containing a spring-screw mechanism.

On the casing of the saw pulleys of the power-saw bench is a tank with a lubricant-cooling compound.

Types of wiring. The nuances of the operation

Before you make a divorce on a band saw, you should first decide on the type of limb. In total, several types are used:

classic divorce. It differs in that the teeth alternately bend in different directions. That is, one element bends to the left, the second to the right;
stripping. Somewhat different from the first option. Its essence is that two teeth are bred in different directions, and the third remains unchanged. Divorcing a tape sawmill in this way is done in the case of cutting hardwood;
wavy. The most difficult method to execute. Here, the magnitude of the limb of each tooth is individual, which provides a wavy configuration of the cutting edge.

Before you make a divorce on tape sawmills, you should consider several important nuances:

the amount of limb on all teeth should be the same (does not apply to the wavy method);
the cutting element must not be bent at the base, but only in its part;
the force must be applied to a strictly defined point.

Now about how to properly breed band saws for sawmills. As already noted, this operation is performed on a special machine. The essence of the work boils down to the fact that the canvas is fixed in the frame. Then the indicator is calibrated. Next, the lever is installed, which will be bent (the place where the force is applied) is selected.

After installation, the operator bends the tooth, while controlling the magnitude of its bending by the indicator. Then the tape moves in the bed and the operation is repeated, but with a different cutting element.

Not unimportant in the preparation of the band saw is its tooth bite.
A lot of questions from our customers come about this. We answer your questions:
60 m3 instead of 20-30, and also it relieves stress from the saw, which is very important, each tooth will have the same profile, which will increase the stability of the saw in the cut.

Information on the site is under no circumstances a public offer. When using materials from this site. a link to it is required!

Features of the calculation

The log is installed in the guide rollers with its fixation in the clamps. The amount of material obtained is calculated based on the diameter of the log. The correct calculation of the type and quantity of material also affects its quality.

An experienced sawyer, looking at the log, is already able to determine all the parameters of the future material, immediately find the butt part and the top of the log. The diameter of the butt part is larger than the top. The accuracy of the calculation determines how thick the slab will be.

The diameter of the log must be measured from the top. Further actions of the wizard:

Log Sawing Table

There are practically no perfectly straight trunks. Therefore, it is necessary to carefully examine all the bends, bulges.
Turn the log so that there is a minimum amount of waste in the form of a croaker.
When installing a log, you must make sure it moves freely in the guides.
On the line of the sawmill, set the dimension for the diameter of the log plus the maximum height of the bulge.
The size of the bulge is determined by the difference between the diameter of the butt part and the peak.
The tape measure measures the size of the highest part, the countdown of the size of the material begins from the result.
The master must take into account the cut size of 2-5 mm.

Preparation for work

During operation, the sawmill requires tuning, checking all its important components. The most significant part of the device is band saws.

Before you begin, you must:

Before starting work, make sure the sawmill is in good working order.

Check that parts and screw connections are securely fastened.
Lubricate friction surfaces.
Check grounding for reliability.
Turn on the electric motor at idle, check how the belt moves.
Check the installation of the band saw by adjusting if necessary.
To reduce the deflection of the saw blade, move the left roller 5–10 cm from the side edges of the tree.
Lift the band saw above the log and check its reverse.
Check the fastening of the protective guards for the saw, gear, V-repair gear.

Flip logs

If the rotation is 180 degrees, unedged boards are obtained that require additional processing from the sides, and then the half-bar is sawn into an edged board.

For efficient cutting, the log needs to be turned 180 degrees

With a turn of 90 degrees, unedged and half-edged boards are obtained with the need to trim from one side. A 180 ° flipping sawing method will give more more valuable wide planks. But if the edge trimming machine is equipped with only one saw, a 90 degree flip is convenient.

After cutting opposite faces, the worst of the remaining ones is sawed first, but this option does not take into account the taper. But a high-quality face needs to be cut parallel to the bark, which increases the yield of high-quality lumber.

When you start sharpening band saws, you should know that the quality of your lumber. boards, timber, rails, etc., depends on the correctness of the process. Sharpening of band saws is a responsible process, but not very complicated. Following the recommendations below, you will quickly learn this simple but very useful process in sawmilling.

First of all, you need to inspect the tape for visible cracks, broken teeth. To do this, take the tape in your hands with your teeth away from you and moving your hands, slightly wringing the tape, start viewing. If defects are found, the tape must be sent for repair, or simply discarded.

Secondly, the tape must be cleaned of dirt and wood resin adhering to it. After all these procedures, the tape is ready for sharpening.

Carefully take the tape to avoid injuries, as the teeth are sharp enough to damage your hands and insert them into the sharpening machine. The tape must be installed on all the holders on the machine and fixed with a special clamp.

In the groove between the teeth we lower the rod of the pusher, with the help of this rod the feed of the tape is regulated. A grindstone is lowered onto the tape from above, it is fixed with a rod that controls the depth of sharpening.

Before starting the grinding machine, set the grinding angle, for the summer forest this angle is 55-60 degrees, and for the winter forest 70-80. The angle is set by turning the bed on which the stone is fixed, according to the divisions, on the machine body.

Please note that the sharpening stone has a bevel at an angle of 45 degrees and during preparation for the sharpening process you must correct the stone if the chamfer does not correspond to the above angle. Editing is done with a diamond tool or a simple large stone.

Just note that editing with a simple stone is more complicated and requires some skills, also does not comply with safety regulations.

Grinding machine start

You have prepared the machine and saw to start sharpening, now we will begin the process of sharpening a band saw.

First of all, turn on the feed at the lowest speed, for this, toggle switches are provided to turn on the engine and a feedrate speed controller, it reduces or increases the engine speed.

Using a screw on the feed bar, we retract the saw tooth forward or backward and make sure that the stone with its even side (without chamfer) starts touching the straight side of the tooth.

Then we turn on the second toggle switch, which drives the engine with the stone. Little by little, without sudden movements, you begin to lower the stone with the help of a screw rod that fixes it, until the stone completely passes the pocket from one tooth to another.

Under no circumstances should the tape turn blue, so try not to lower the stone very much, just push the feed rod back or forward, otherwise the stone will simply “eat” your tooth. Sharpening of band saws should go smoothly according to the factory tooth profile.

By manipulating the feed screws and the lowering rod, it is necessary to achieve the complete absence of burrs on the tip of the teeth. The finished work of the machine can be considered after passing the band saw for at least two circles.

Sharpening band saws in winter

Winter sharpening is practically no different from summer sharpening with the only difference, the angle of inclination of the teeth more straight reaches 90 degrees, depending on the freezing of the wood. The stronger the wood freezes, the greater the angle of sharpening, but keep in mind that in summer with this angle the load on the saw increases and its possible failure.

Instruments

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Band saws are cutting tools used in band saws. They are a closed tape with teeth. They have a mass of their own advantages, characteristic only for them. Band saws leave a much smaller width than circular tools: if this fact is probably insignificant when cutting budget wood, then when cutting elite metal and cutting valuable wood species it is critically important. With their help, you can cut absolutely any workpiece. In addition, band saws demonstrate good speed, provide high quality cutting surfaces. Reducing waste chips due to their use is an obvious thing. However, in order to consistently feel in practice all of the above advantages of working with the tool, it is necessary to responsibly approach the issues of its maintenance. Sharpening of band saws, as well as their wiring should be done efficiently and in a timely manner.

The price of sharpening band saws in specialized offices is usually low, but the speed and literacy of the work is not always pleasing. Is it possible to cope with the task with your own hands? Of course, if you know how to sharpen band saws and have the necessary equipment.

A bit of theory: what is the tool made of?
All about the teeth and their sharpening angles
The intricacies of wiring band saws
How to sharpen a band saw?
Professional Tips
What errors can occur during sharpening?

A bit of theory: what is the tool made of?

Saws for wood are usually made of tool steel (hardness 45 HRC).
For the production of metal products, Russian manufacturers turn to B2F and 9KhF steels, while foreign manufacturers turn to C 75 and others. The teeth of such saws are “awarded” with the highest hardness during the hardening process with high-frequency currents. Often, when working with metal, a bimetallic band tool is used: its blade is made of spring steel, and the ribbon with teeth is made of an alloy with a high content of cobalt and tungsten. This high-speed steel “joins” to the base of the saw with an electron beam.

All about the teeth and their sharpening angles

Band saws can have different tooth geometry: it is affected by the type and properties of the raw materials being cut. As for tools for working with wood, they can be carpentry, dividing and intended for sawing logs. and the parameters and shape of the teeth of each "subspecies", respectively, are different. The angle of sharpening of band saws on wood is determined by the manufacturer on the basis of a number of factors, but the key trend is this. the harder the material, the smaller the front angle should be.

For metal saws with a constant pitch, two main tooth shapes are characteristic. standard and “positive rake angle”. Standard teeth are intended for cutting thin-walled material, with a positive rake angle. for processing metal with thick walls.

Now about the size of the step. For thin-walled blanks (sheet metal, pipes), saws with a small tooth pitch are used. otherwise there is a risk of damage or even breaking a tooth. Thick-walled materials are best handled with a small tooth per inch tool.

In order to eliminate the resonance effect, which provokes vibration of the blade, a number of saws are made with a variable pitch.

The intricacies of wiring band saws

As the tool is used, the quality of its cutting edge decreases. Therefore, the wiring and correct sharpening of band saws is a natural part of the work process.

Note! Divorce must be made before sharpening, and not after it!

Wiring is an operation to bend the teeth to the sides to prevent the tool blade from being clamped and reducing its friction. There are three main types of wiring:

classical. the teeth bend to the right and left sides strictly alternately;
cleaning. every third tooth is left in its original position. “Actual” for tools used for cutting especially hard materials and alloys;
wavy. each tooth has “its” value of the limb value, thus, a wave is formed from them. This is the most difficult type of wiring.

Worth to know! During a divorce, not the entire tooth is bent, but only a part of it — a third or two thirds of the top.

Divorce values recommended by manufacturers fall within the range of 0.3-0.7 mm. The operation is carried out using special adjustable tools.

How to sharpen a band saw?

It has been proven: over 80% of cases of tool rupture occur due to non-compliance with the rules for sharpening band saws. The need for manipulation is determined visually. by the appearance of the teeth themselves or by the state of the cut walls (increase in surface roughness).
Circles for sharpening band saws are selected depending on the hardness of the teeth. To sharpen products made of tool steel, they turn to corundum circles. Bimetallic saws require diamond or borazon samples. The shape of the grinding wheel for band saws should be determined based on the parameters of the tool. It can be profile, cup, flat, dish-shaped.

Before starting work, it is recommended to allow the saw to sag in an inverted state for ten to twelve hours.

DIY sharpening requirements for band saws:

ensuring uniform removal of metal along the tooth profile;
elimination of excessive pressure of the circle (this can lead to annealing);
ensuring the safety of the height and profile of the tooth;
mandatory presence of coolant;
control of the absence of burrs.

Standard instructions for sharpening band saws say that sharpening should be done either on the front surface of the tooth, or on the front and back. But this is a theory. In practice, many professionals, as well as folk craftsmen, “execute” it exclusively on the back surface. so, in their opinion, it is more convenient.

In general, despite the mass of rules and requirements, these tools are quite unpretentious in terms of sharpening. You can work with them, both with the help of a special tool-grinding device for band saws, and manually; apply circles with different shapes and materials, etc.

Before sharpening a band saw, it is necessary to familiarize yourself with the main methods of performing this operation.

Method 1. Full profile sharpening

It is the highest quality, produced on an automatic machine. The Elbor circle, precisely matched in shape, passes through the entire interdental cavity with one movement along with the corresponding surfaces of adjacent teeth. Obtaining angular shapes at the base of the teeth is excluded. The only drawback of such sharpening is the need to have a certain number of circles for “multidisciplinary” saws at regular disposal.

Method 2. Sharpening the edges of the teeth

It can be carried out on a professional machine or manually.
If preference is given to the machine, then, again, you should correctly select a circle. usually these are flat samples. In general, specialized sharpening equipment is recommended to be used only in cases where the amount of work is large enough. It is better to do episodic “home” manipulations manually. using an engraver or on a conventional machine. When working for safety reasons, be sure to use a mask or goggles.

If you don’t have a machine or an engraver in your arsenal, you can sharpen the band saw with the usual grandfather method. wielding a file. Three or four confident movements along the back or front face of each of the teeth. and the thing, as they say, is “wearing a hat”. With regular and diligent execution of the operation, the skill of high-quality manual sharpening will appear quickly.

Tips from professionals

1. In the case of sharpening a band saw by means of a machine, before starting work it is necessary to make sure that the grinding wheel is correctly positioned relative to the tool.
2. It is very important to remove from the sinuses such an amount of metal so that all microcracks are guaranteed to be fixed.
3. If the tool “functioned” without quality service for longer than the manufacturer allowed, the amount of metal removed in one sharpening should be increased.
4. To check the grinding results, always use a new tool as a reference.
5. Saw tooth shape. a parameter developed and verified over the years. Therefore, hoping that the tool will be sawed “like clockwork”, regardless of what you do with the teeth, is a huge mistake.
6. Subject to operational requirements, the band saw will serve you honestly until its width is reduced to a figure equal to 65% of the original value. The width decreases, naturally, in the process of resharpening.
7. There is a completely absurd recommendation that there is no particular need for deburring after processing. If you "listen" to it, then the appearance of microcracks in the canvas is guaranteed.
8. After work, the band saw should be immediately cleaned of resin and sawdust, and before sharpening, a thorough inspection. Otherwise, the risk of clogging of grinding wheels is extremely high. And this inevitably entails a “hackneyed” sharpening procedure.

What errors can occur during sharpening?

Mistake 1. Burnt tooth sinuses

The reason for this phenomenon lies in the excessive efforts of the grinding wheel. As a result, a rapid blunting of the tape.

Error 2. Incorrect angle and imperfect shape of the sinuses of the teeth.

Several factors can lead to this situation:

demolition of the clown of the grinding device;
error setting the angle of the head of the machine;
mismatch of the grinding wheel profile.

That’s all. Now you know how to sharpen the band saw correctly, and what tools and accessories may be required for this.

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