When purchasing a tiller, it must be remembered that its durable work depends not only on the replacement of consumables, parts, tightening the necessary nuts but also on the timely replacement of oil in the tiller.
From that, how correctly to choose engine oil for tillers, the durability and working capacity of equipment depends. The question arises, what kind of oil to pour into the engine tiller, how to replace it or check the level.
Engine oil functions.
Each equipment, including tiller, includes a passport and instructions for sale. Manufacturers always in the manual recommend those types of oil that will allow the equipment to last a long time and not break.
You need to know that during tiller operation, engine oil performs four functions at once:
- cooling
- grease
- cleaning
- compaction
When the engine is an air-cooled tiller, the lubricant burns and remains on the hot cylinder, after which a smoky exhaust is formed. Deposition of tar dramatically affects the pollution of some parts and their lubrication is complicated.
It is recommended to use antioxidant agents with oil, which clean the engine from dirty deposits. Properly selected oil for tiller according to SAE classification is a guarantee of equipment durability.
Using tiller, it is necessary to choose a lubricant based on the climate zone.
For example, when using a lubricant like SAE 10W30 at a temperature of 5 ° C and higher, its consumption will be much higher, and there will be a high probability of engine failure. It is undesirable to pour summer lubricating liquids at air temperature below 5 ° С. Such use leads to a difficult start of the engine and damage to the cylinder mirror.
Classification of grades of oil according to the degree of viscosity.
The degree of viscosity of engine oil varieties is usually classified according to SAE (Society of Automotive Engineers).
Namely:
- Summer varieties. oils belonging to this category are used in the summer, have high viscosity and no letter designation. These include: SAE 20, 30, 40, 50, 60.
- Winter varieties. these oils are used in winter and have a low viscosity. The letter designation for this variety is W (Winter). These include: SAE 0W, 5W, 10W, 15W, 20W, 25W.
- All-season varieties are the most popular nowadays, as they are used both in summer and in winter. They are denoted by a double combination: 5W-30, 10W-40.
In addition to the differences in lubricants according to seasonal characteristics, They are divided by composition into two types:
- mineral;
- synthetic;
- semi-synthetic.
Still, all oils are divided into lubricant for both 2-stroke and 4-stroke engines. Typically, tiller and installed 4-stroke air-cooled engines. In such engines it is necessary to pour only 4-stroke oil.
An air-cooled engine is more heated during operation than a water cooled engine under the same operating conditions. Therefore, the fill fluid must have low evaporation and high thermal-oxidative stability. Also modern oils must have environmental safety, those. controlled fumes and exhaust emissions.
Since waste is often burned in boilers or steam generators, it should not contain components that form toxic compounds when burned. In a motor-cultivator that runs on gasoline, and has no instructions, it is better to pour 4-stroke oil brand 5W30 or SAE30.
In winter, winter or gear oil, such as 0W40, is preferable. But for this quality will have to pay. Save on this is not worth it, because high-quality oil affects less engine wear and its durability.
How to choose a tiller: diesel or gasoline?
Diesel engine units are designed primarily for work on large tracts of land. This type of engine can generate high tractive effort due to work at low revs. They are designed for a much larger amount of resources than gasoline.
Therefore, their work can be carried out for much longer without stopping. It is impossible to let the diesel engine often idle because it leads to its breakdown. Sometimes it is necessary to load the unit at full capacity for 3-4 hours. It will prolong the life of the tiller.
The main advantages of diesel tiller:
- Convenient maintenance and operation, as there are no candles and magneto, as well as no carburetor, which you have to adjust constantly.
- Maximum grip due to large weight.
- Cooling is possible either with air or water. Gasoline engines are devoid of such diversity.
- The run-up for fuel consumption can vary from 2 to 5 litres per 100 km, based on the power of the unit.
- Engine performance is ensured by stable revolutions due to increased tractive effort.
Price may scare when buying a diesel tiller. But it is worth considering that it consumes less fuel than gasoline, and diesel is cheaper than gasoline. Such an acquisition pays off over time.
Petrol tillers.
Tillers of this class are ideal for processing small plots of land. In a gasoline engine, the ignition of the fuel comes from the spark that is produced from the spark plug. Such tillers are very maneuverable and light.
For gasoline engines fit any gasoline used in modern cars. They can work only at high speeds. Repair and maintenance are much cheaper than diesel engines.
The main advantages of a gasoline engine:
- You can start it in all weather conditions without an electric starter.
- Reduced noise level.
- Significantly less vibration when driving.
The main The advantage over a diesel engine is relatively low cost. They are suitable for small areas (20-30 acres), as they do not withstand heavy loads. The diesel engine will be optimal in all other cases.
Changing the oil in the tiller.
There are many different opinions about how often you need to change the oil for tillers. But you need to rely in this case on the manufacturer’s instructions. If there is no instruction, it is possible to change the lubricant in a way that is common among users.
The first oil change in the tiller is made after running in the unit. Run-in of the engine and all its components must be carried out at idle. Before starting the engine, make sure that it contains lubricating fluid. When buying a unit, its engine may be generally dry.
After an hour of engine operation, the first lubrication change is made. The next replacement is in 5-6 hours of work. It is recommended to change the oil in the tiller every 40 hours of operation, which is much more often than in a car. After the winter period, the replacement of the lubricant is obligatory. It does not matter how many hours the tiller has worked, if its oil has become viscous, has darkened or a strong smell of burning comes from it, then it must be changed.
Before changing the oil, it is necessary to warm the tiller. This is to ensure that the lubricant becomes more fluid. Tiller is installed in a horizontal position. The drain plug is unscrewed, and the old fluid is removed from the engine crankcase.
After that, it is required to screw back the stopper of the drain tank and fill the lubricant through the filler neck. You can check the fill level of the oil with a stopper probe. The level must be between the Minimum and Maximum marks. Then the cork twists completely.
To fill and check the level of lubrication in the gear housing, place the tiller on a flat surface and clean the gear housing in the area of the filler hole. After that, loosen the filler bolt. If the level is normal, then oil will flow from the hole. If this does not happen, it is necessary to unscrew the bolt entirely and pour oil into the gearbox until it flows from the hole.
An important nuance is the proper condition of the air filter. Indeed, without an air filter or with a filter, but without the necessary level of oil, you cannot start the engine. To top up the grease, unscrew the nut on the filter cover, pull out the filtering element from the pan, pour oil up to the mark on the body of the oil bath. Reinstall the filter element and tighten the nut.
Based on the above, before buying oil you need to understand a few important points:
- Decide on the season of oil use.
- Buy special additives to enhance the properties of the lubricant.
With the right choice of product, the long service life of the unit is ensured, and its work improves.