Chuck type
Especially for rotary hammer drills by Bosch Developed SDS plus and SDS max chucks. In them, the tool is clamped instantly and never unscrews itself (unlike cam chucks).
The most common cartridges are SDS plus. Approximately 60% of rotary hammers. They are designed for drills with 10mm shanks and are used in light to medium tools. SDS max chucks are used in heavy rock drills, for drills from 20 mm in diameter.
Engine location: vertical or horizontal
Structurally, rock drills come with a horizontal engine and a vertical.
The first is similar to the Electric Drill in the shape of the body and the position of the controls: long and narrow, with a short handle and trigger. It is convenient to get into a tight place with such a tool. Cabinet or duct. When drilling deep holes, the machine runs smoothly, the drill takes away less. But with such a hammer drill it is difficult to hammer the ceiling and cut grooves. I have to twist the hand, my hands get tired quickly.
Left. An example of a rock drill with a horizontal motor, right. With vertical
The engine is vertical, Takes up less space and is better cooled. The machine fits in your hands like a Kalashnikov assault rifle, is stable and perfectly controlled during operation. Due to the position of the operator’s hands on the same axis with the chisel, the hammer drill is convenient to operate both from the belt and one hand. Floor-to-ceiling strobe cuts in one go without any fatigue.
Operating modes (table)
| Mode | application |
| Drilling without impact | In this mode, the hammer drill works like a conventional drill, drilling holes in wood, plastic or metal. Tool translational motion disabled. |
| Impact drilling | The main mode of operation of the punch. The drill reciprocates, chipping off pieces of concrete. Dust and chips are carried away by a rotating spiral groove brown. |
| Impact without rotation (chiseling) | In this mode, the machining tool does NOT rotate. Instead of spiral brown, a chisel, chisel or peak is placed. A punch chipping tiles or cutting off a piece of wall. |
| Setting the bit in the desired position | For work in hard-to-reach places, it is important that the stationary chisel is in a given position. Manufacturers sometimes distinguish a fourth mode of the punch. Possibility to place the tool at a certain angle. |
Rotary hammer weight
The weight of the device is directly related to the impact energy. They are conventionally divided into three categories: light (up to 4 kg), medium (4-5 kg) and heavy (over 5 kg). The lower the weight of the device, the easier it is to hold it in your hands, but the impact energy in a 2 kg machine will be 1.4 joules. This is enough to work with a drill up to 18 mm in diameter.
Power supply
Manufacturing firm
Now let’s talk a little about the manufacturers. The most trusted brands that almost everyone has probably heard of. BOSCH and MAKITA. It is in their direction that we must direct our gaze, Choosing a professional model of a perforator. And for the house, besides THESE two companies, you can also advise the following manufacturers WATT, STERN, EINHELL, VT.
Punch shape
In terms of shape, perforators are both straight and L-shaped. In the latter, the engine is located vertically, making the device more compact. In addition, the engine is cooled efficiently. Such devices can work for a long time, and not overheating, and they serve a lot. But their weight is very noticeable.
L. Rock Drill, Vertical Motor.
Narrow and long straight-type hammer drills weigh less, and due to their design they will crawl into any gap. The engine is placed horizontally in them.
Narrow, long rock drill, motor horizontal.
Impact frequency
If we calculate how many times per minute the piston of the device strikes its firing pin, then we get a value called the frequency of strikes. The larger it is, the higher the hole punching speed. The performance of a rock drill depends on both the frequency and the energy of the impact. The manufacturers that produce the most durable and efficient devices harmoniously combine these two parameters in their models.
Therefore, it is better to pay attention to reliable brands, whose products are distinguished by excellent quality and amazing durability. It is in the very best manufacturer that we will talk a little further.
Additional functions
1. Yes, for example, dust protection does NOT hurt at all. After all, hardly anyone has to work in sterile conditions.
Dust protection during drilling.
2. No less convenient is the anti-vibration system, which softens and compensates for the shaking of the device when drilling, chiselling or drilling.
Vibration protection system.
3. Another useful token is the Lock button that secures the punch in working mode.
True, each of the additional features does NOT reduce the cost of the device at all, so choose only what you really need. It is NOT worth it, right, to overpay for the functions that you will never use in the future.
Impact energy
Impact energy is one of the main parameters of the device. Joules are used to measure it. Lightweight models have an impact force of no more than 1-2 joules, and hammer drills more serious can hit with a force of 8 to 15 joules. The greater the impact energy, the larger the hole diameter can be obtained. When this value is small enough, the device does NOT work more efficiently than an impact drill. In doing so, he will NOT punch a hole, but drill it. As a result, its equipment will wear out extremely quickly, and you will NOT have to dream in high performance.
You should be aware that a value of this parameter exceeding 10 joules will lead to rapid failure of your instrument. Indeed, under such high loads, its refractory inserts will collapse in a very short period of time.
Perforator complete set
Now let’s talk about the perforator configuration. The more complete it is, the fewer adaptations will have to be together later. So, what should be in the case along with the device:
1. Spare brushes for the electric motor.
2. The special chuck, which is an adapter, will help you use conventional drill bits instead of keyless bits. After all, perforating drills are more expensive, and in the absence of such a cartridge, you will have to spend a lot.
3. Boers. Basic kit. For domestic needs it is more than enough, but in professional models you need a more impressive set.
Performance
This indicator of the perforator in the drilling process is several times higher than that of a hammer drill. First of all, this is due to the impact energy. Light perforators produce from 1.5 kJ, and heavy ones. Up to 20 kJ. In a drill, this indicator is insignificant and depends on the weight, which is applied to the surface. But even if the master presses very hard, the impact energy is almost not increased. This comes from the modest range of axial movement of the drill, depending on the size of the shank. The performance of the hammer drill is also higher due to its large weight, which exceeds the weight of an impact drill, even with their equal power characteristics. The frequency of hammer blows varies from 4 to 4.5 thousand beats per minute, and in powerful drills it reaches 2-3 thousand.
The main purpose of the tools
To find the difference between the two tools, you need to understand their details and determine the main application.
Equipment
The hammer drill differs from an impact drill and the number of parts used, as well as the method of fixing them:
- When working with a drill, rigging with victorious tips is used. The ratchets are considered the most vulnerable to breakage, therefore, it is not recommended to subject them to heavy loads;
- For rotary hammers, both drills and drills are used, fastened in the chuck with clamps and grooves.
The chuck diameter affects the applicability of small and large drills. An adapter is included with the hammer drill, which greatly facilitates the replacement of the cartridge. The drill has this feature.
Functionality
The hammer drill is adapted for operation with two functions: drilling with and without hammering. On sale you can find a huge number of drill accessories for use on different materials.
The main equipment that is used most often:
- Simple wood drills (including feather drills)
- durable drills for metal coatings;
- Lance drills for ceramics and glass (allows you to make a hole in tiles)
- Core drills (made to create large holes)
- Drills with high strength pobeditnoy ends (replaces the main function of the hammer drill)
- Grinding wheel (for material polishing);
- Brushes with twisted or corrugated wire (for roughing and finishing objects);
- The mixer is used for mixing building mixtures.
Most of today’s full-featured rock drill models operate in three modes: rebound, spin, and kick spin. Therefore, the hammer drill works both for drilling and for gouging, chipping and chipping.
With the introduction of a punch, the following tasks are performed:
- Drilling holes and grooves in concrete, bricks, blocks;
- Wall chipping;
- Driving in rods;
- Removing plaster
- Drilling holes;
- Screwing in bolts, screws and self-tapping screws;
- Chipping off bricks;
- Knocking down tiles.
A hammer drill is indispensable in many situations. It works quickly, but almost does not create recoil. When performing tasks, it is forbidden to exert strong pressure on the device, this leads to breakdown. Sufficient force that can be applied to the tool is 5 kg.
Life time
With the constant inclusion of the percussion mode in the drill, a hammer drill with similar characteristics will last much longer. The pneumatic mechanism prevents and dampens vibrations, so the entire structure suffers from them much less. There is also an additional safety clutch in the device. She will be able to save the hammer drill from breakage if the drill happens to jam, for example, when it is screwed into the reinforcement.
But the ratchets in drills carry enormous loads during operation, so they wear out quickly. Due to strong vibrations, the entire mechanism endures constant stress and gradually collapses.
Working conditions
The main difference in the process of performing tasks lies in the ease of operation. For effective work with a hammer drill, a force of 5 kg is enough. But for the normal functioning of the drill, you will have to attach a mass of 10-15 kg to it. In addition, the hammer drill Almost does not tremble in the hands, which makes it easier to hold and increases the accuracy of the result. This is due to the presence of an air cushion in the pneumatic mechanism. It does not allow the striker to collide with the piston, which reduces shaking.
The main difference
The difference between these tools lies in their main function: the drill is used for drilling, and the hammer drill hammers the working surface in order to make a hole in it.
To understand other differences, consider both of these devices in more detail.
The main differences are:
- Performance. According to this indicator, the perforator is many times superior to an impact drill, since the device has a powerful impact force and a weight greater than that of a drill, contributing to its increase. If we take 2 devices with the same power, then the hole made with a drill will be 1.5 times smaller than the hole made with a puncher. The difference will be even more noticeable if you choose a crown bit instead of a conventional drill.
- Bore mount. The drill has a chuck with a cam chuck, which does NOT provide a good retention of the drill that can prevent it from turning. A new type of cartridge is used to attach the drill to the hammer drill. It holds the drill better and provides free movement. Drill change process Takes a few seconds.
- Appointment of the device. The main characteristic of a drill is the amount of torque, while the work of a hammer drill is assessed by its impact power. Therefore, it is incorrect to compare these tools. They initially have different purposes.
- Processing precision. The hammer drill is designed for working with hard materials, and it is not desirable to drill metal or wood with this tool. The result may be of poor quality and, most likely, the hole will not exactly match the intended diameter. If a thin hole of a certain size is required, a drill should be chosen.
- Life time. Thanks to the pneumatic mechanism, the internal parts of the hammer drill are protected from shock loads and vibrations during tool operation. In addition, a protective sleeve is installed in the device, which protects it from breakdowns if storms get stuck in a hole or bump into a reinforcing mesh in concrete.
Punch device
The hammer hammer mechanism can be electro-pneumatic or electromechanical. The former is more common, since it provides maximum impact force with relatively low power.
There are 2 versions of the electro-pneumatic percussion mechanism: in light devices, an oscillating bearing is used, in heavy or medium ones. crank mechanism.
When the tool is turned on, the electric motor starts to rotate, the movement is transmitted to the inner sleeve of the oscillating bearing. At this time, the outer sleeve begins to oscillate. The air between the ram and the piston sets the ram in motion, it oscillates in time with the piston, striking the striker.
The striker strikes the drills, fixed in the chuck.
The advantages of working with a puncher. Less recoil and faster work speed.
Punch functions
Unlike a drill, a hammer drill can operate in three modes: impact, rotation and a combination of THESE actions. Therefore, the puncher can be used Not only for drilling, but also for chipping the wall, creating holes and grooves of the desired size. It is indispensable when performing work on replacing wiring at home. An impact drill, even comparable to a hammer drill in power, and will not cope with such a load.
Punch device
Impact drill or hammer drill. What to choose for home?
People far from construction believe that a drill and a hammer drill. Tools designed for drilling holes, which can easily replace each other. However, each of them has its own unique functions that allow you to perform operations that are not available to the other. What differences do they have? What’s more useful at home?
Differences between impact drill and hammer drill
Once you have learned the basic properties of both tools, it is easier to understand how one differs from the other.
Working conditions. Impact mechanism
The rotary motion of the electric motor is converted by means of a crank mechanism or a special swinging spherical bearing into a reciprocating piston motion. Under the action of compression in the cavity between the piston and the ram, the latter accelerates and transfers its energy to the tool through the hammer. Drill bit, chisel, drill bit, bit, etc. For more information about the punch device, see the article Punch device.
The impact mechanism of the drill is much simpler. It consists of two ratchets, one of which is connected to the drill body, the other. With rotating chuck. When the impact function is disabled, the ratchets do NOT contact each other due to the stopper located between them. When the drill is switched to the impact position, the stopper is removed and when the drill is pressed against the material, the ratchets begin to contact, slipping over each other. In this case, the chuck and the drill are given an axial reciprocating motion.
The difference in the design of the percussion mechanisms determines a significant difference in the technical and operational characteristics of the hammer drill and the hammer drill.
What is the difference between an impact drill and a hammer drill
Tool and fastening
The hammer drill tool used for drilling concrete walls is most often a winnowed drill bit.
In hammer drills and drills, drills and drills are mounted in chucks, but their design in hammer drills and drills is very different. For a quick tool change, the rock drills use the SDS-plus, SDS-max and SDS-top tool clamping system (depending on the shank diameter, for more information about the hammer drill chuck, see the article Punch). Fixation in the chuck takes place using specially shaped grooves.
In a hammer drill, the tool has a certain degree of freedom in relation to the chuck in the axial direction, which makes it possible to reduce the load on the hammer during impacts.
In order to use a conventional drill into a perforator, you must either use a special adapter, or change the cam chuck. In a number of models, thanks to a special fastening system, the change of chucks is quick and easy, while the chuck for a conventional drill must be included in the hammer drill kit. When using an adapter, a design is obtained from two series-connected cartridges. SDS and three-cam. The disadvantage of this option is the lack of sufficient rigidity of the drill attachment and its runout during rotation.
Performance
With the same power of the tools, the hole diameter that can be obtained with the introduction of a perforator is approximately 1.5 times the hole diameter obtained with an impact drill. The difference increases even more if a crown is used for drilling.
Functionality
The hammer drill is used only for drilling holes and works in two modes: drilling without impact and drilling with impact.