How to cut metal with a hacksaw on metal. Is it possible to use an angular grinder for cutting…

Hacksaw for metal manual its purpose is the views and how to choose

What tool is used to cut metal depends on the thickness and form of the workpiece. Thin.walled profile or thin.leaved steel quickly and with a small expenditure of strength is cut by a locksmith. A powerful angular grinding machine is required to cut the massive strips of rectangular cross section. While the use of a hand tool is relatively safe, working with the machine requires strict adherence to safety regulations. These rules provide for both the safe control conditions of the machine and the reliable fixation of the processed part and the adoption of measures to protect the eyes and hands from possible injuries. Anyone who intends to often perform locksmith work should take care of acquiring an appropriate tool.

Metal, as you know, is much harder than a tree, which means that the tool with which the metal is processed should be sharper and more powerful than the carpentry. It is also necessary to strictly observe the safety rules when working with metal.

The teeth of the hacksaw should be directed forward. At the ends of the canvas, they are small and are located more often than in the middle. The screw at the end of the frame fixes the canvas. Always saw shocks, using mainly average teeth. Return the saw with a wave up.

Cutting Steel Chapter 2. The Reciprocating Saw

Crossbow canvases

For each type of metal, you need to select the appropriate hacksaw.

For cutting solid metals (for example, ordinary and stainless steel), a hacksaw canvas with small teeth, for softer metals (copper, brass, aluminum) with larger and rareer and rare.

In accordance with the thickness

It is necessary to take into account the thickness of the cut material: for thin parts, a hacksaw with small teeth are taken, for thick ones. respectively with larger.

When cutting in contact with the material, there should always be at least three tooths of a hacksaw so that the incision is straightforward. Hacksaw canvases are made from various materials that have proven themselves in the best way. Universal canvases that are good in work are made of high.strength high.speed steel, but do not tolerate distortion. The high.speed steel is very elastic and is suitable for materials up to 2 mm thick. Tool steel canvases are suitable for soft materials. They are very inexpensive. Bimetall canvases with a layer of high.speed steel are suitable for cutting solid metals. Cooled wire cuts glass and ceramics, but the metal is difficult for it with difficulty.

From left to right: carbide wire; Bimetall canvases, as well as high.strength high.speed and hardened instrumental steel.

§ 19. Cutting metal and plastics locksmith

Benches from varietal rolling are cut with a locksmith hacksaw with the main parts of the hacksaw are frame 2, hacksaw cloth 4 and a shank with a handle 6.

A hacksaw canvas is a thin strip of instrumental steel with two holes at the ends. On one or two edges of the canvas, teeth that have a tilt in one direction are cut. The hacksaw canvas is attached to the frame with pins 7 and stretched by a stretch nut 1. In this case, the teeth should be directed towards the opposite handle.

The tension of the hacksaw should not be very strong or very weak, as this can lead to its breakdown. Like the carpentry hacksaw, the teeth of the hacksaw cloth of the locksmith habits are slightly divorced to decrease their friction against the wall of the cut.

Рис. 68. Ручная слесарная ножонка: 1 — гайка; 2 — рамка; 3 — подвижная головка; 4 — ножовочное полотно; 5 — неподвижная головка; 6 — хвостовик с ручкой; 7 — штифты

The workpiece is firmly fixed in a vice and in the place of cutting is made a small cut with a three.sided file so that the canvas does not slip along its surface. The cutting place is located at a distance of 10. 15 mm from the edge of the lips.

During operation, you need to take the correct working pose and hold the hacksaw with both hands (see. rice. 69). When the hacksaw is moving forward (working stroke), the teeth cut the metal, and with the reverse movement (idle). do not cut. Therefore, in the working move, you need to move the hacksaw with light pressure to the workpiece, and with idle. without pressure.

Рис. 69. Работа ножовкой: а — положение корпуса; 6 — положение рук

The hacksaw should be moved by the workpiece so that the entire length of the hacksaw cloth involves in cutting. In this case, the wear of the canvas will be uniform, and the canvas will last longer.

metal, hacksaw, possible, angular, grinder

Cutting strip metal is easier on the narrow side. However, the thickness of the strip should not be less than the distance between the three teeth of the canvas, otherwise the teeth will break. If the thickness of the workpiece is less than this distance, then it is fixed in a vice between two wooden bars and then cut together with the bars.

If the workpiece has a large length and the frame rests on its end, then the hacksaw is rotated by 90 ° in relation to the frame and continues to work

Рис. 70. Резание ножовкой: а — без поворота полотна; б — с поворотом полотна на 90°

In enterprises, varietal rental is cut using mechanical hacksaws. disk or ribbon saws.

Рис. 71. Механическая ножовка: 1 — станина: 2 — стол: 3 — машинные тиски: 4 — ножовочное полотно: 5 — хобот; 6 — электродвигатель

Locksmith hacksaw, I have a small teeth, can be used to cut blanks made of plastic, for example, from organic glass. In order not to damage the plastic workpiece when fixed in a vice, it is clamped in the sponges between two pieces of plywood.

  • Reliably fix the workpiece in a vice.
  • Work smoothly, without jerks.
  • The knife handle should be good and tightly mounted on the shank.
  • Finishing cutting, it is necessary to loosen the pressure on the hacksaw, support the part of the workpiece, which we cut off.
  • You can not sweep metal chips or sawdust with your hand. You need to use a special brush.

Cutting metal and plastic with a locksmith

  • At the direction of the teacher, mark one of the blanks: screwdrivers (see. rice. 61, a), template for controlling angles (see. rice. 61, 6), bracket (see. rice. 67, c), pendants (see. rice. 67, g), devices for the manufacture of rivets (see. rice. 62), gutomer (see. rice. 67, d), plastic case of a pebble-crush (see. Appendix, Fig. 115). or details of your creative project.
  • Fasten the workpiece in a vice.
  • Cut the workpiece.
  • Check the dimensions of the workpiece according to the drawing.

Find on the Internet and read modern universal hacksaws. Copy their images for placing a school workshop in an electronic library.

§ 3. Basic cutting techniques with a hacksaw

The cut metal is firmly fixed in the locksmith. The distance between the grip and the body of the working should be such that, with the initial position of the hacksaw in front of the sharp shoulder, the right hand is located vertically, the body of the worker should be straight. The right shoulder should be against the screw, the case is deployed to the right at an angle of 45 ° (rice. 113, a). The emphasis must be placed on the left leg, the right leg takes on the whole weight of the body. The feet are located at an angle of 60-70 ° one to another (rice. 113, b).

Рис. 113. Работа ручной ножовки: а — положение корпуса, б — положение ног, в — захват ручки правой рукой. г — захват ручки левой рукой

The handle of the hacksaw is grabbed with the fingers of the right hand (the thumb is placed on it from above along the handle, the remaining fingers are supported from below), the end of the handle is rested in the palm of your hand (rice. 113, c). Do not stretch the index finger along the handle and too open the brush to the right or to the left. Do not make a deep capture of the handle, in which its end sticks out of the brush, and does not rest against the center of the palm. With the left hand you should hold a scabbard frame, as shown in the rice. 113, g.

You need to press on the machine with both hands, but the greatest pressure force should be carried out with the left hand, and the right hand is mainly the repayment and the reciprocating movement of the hacksaw.

The cutting process consists of two moves: a worker, when a hacksaw moves forward from a working and idle, when a hacksaw moves back towards the employee.

  • choose a hacksaw blade, in accordance with the cut material (hardness, size, shape of the material);
  • Insert the canvas in the slot of the frame so that the tip of the teeth is directed from the handle. The canvas should not be pulled too much or weakly;
  • With long sawdles, you need to choose a hacksaw with a large pitch of teeth, and with short sawdles with a small step;
  • Short blanks should be cut on the widest side of them. When cutting the rolling of corner, taurus and channel profiles, it is better to change the position of the workpiece than cut on a narrow side;
  • The whole hacksaw should be involved in the work;
  • Work with a hacksaw should not be in a hurry, smoothly, without jerks, making no more than 30-60 double moves per minute. At a faster pace, fatigue is more likely and, in addition, the canvas heats up and stupid faster;
  • Without reaching the end of the cut, we should weaken the pressure on the hacksaw, since with a strong pressure, the habits does not cut off, but breaks the metal and may break;
  • During cutting, do not give a canvas heated. To reduce friction of the canvas against the wall of the cut, it is recommended to periodically lubricate the canvas with mineral oil or graphite lubrication, especially when cutting viscous metals;
  • Brass and bronze should only be cut with new canvases, since even little worn out canvases are not cut, but glide;
  • In the case of a breakdown or painting at least one tooth, the work should be stopped immediately, remove the remains of broken teeth from the cut and replace the canvas with a new one, or hire another 2-3 neighboring teeth and only then continue to work.

Cutting round metal. On the cut workpiece, a marginal risk is pre.made. They clamp in a horizontal position and to send a hacksaw with a trihedral file at risk made a shallow drink.

Having installed a hacksaw into a cut, a piece is made without cutting off the cut part. Breakdowing is allowed if the ends of the workpiece are subjected to processing (based). In this case, cuts on two or four sides are made in the rod, and then it is broken off either squeezing it in a vice or with a hammer that strikes the bar, while the workpiece is installed on the lining.

Cutting and square metal. The workpiece is fixed in a vice and in the place of the future cut with a trihedral file, a shallow saw out is made for a better direction of the hacksaw. At the beginning of the operation, the hacksaw is slightly tilted to the side of themselves (forward). As the slope is cut, the slope is gradually reduced until the cut reaches the opposite edge of the workpiece. Then the workpiece is cut at the horizontal position of the hacksaw

Cutting Steel Chapter 1. The Hacksaw

Рис. 114. Приемы резки заготовок с широкими сторонами

The cutting of strip material is considered more rational not on the wide, but on the narrow side. This, however, can only be done when the width of the side is more than 2.5 steps of the teeth of the canvas.

When cutting the strip along and with deep cuts, the hacksaw canvas in the frame give a lateral position (rice. 115, a). For this, the canvas is rearranged in the side slots of the head heads. In this position, the hacksaw should be worked very carefully, since when skewed the scabbard can break.

Рис. 115. Резание металла: а — ножовкой глубоких прорезей, б — ножовкой тонких листов, в — лобзиком криволинейных и угловых прорезей

Cutting thin sheet and profile metal. Parts from thin sheet material are clamped between wooden bars of one or several pieces and cut together with bars (rice. 115, b).

Cutting on curved contours. When cutting along the curved contours, the hacksaw canvas is worn to a width of 8-10 mm and fixed in the frame, giving it the same lateral position as when performing deep cuts (rice. 115, c). They also use jigs.

To cut in a metal (sheet), the shaped window (hole) is drilled or cut off holes with a diameter equal to the width of the canvas of the hacksaw or sawdust. Having passed the canvas through such a hole, fix it in the frame and cut through a given direction.

Sklits of larger sizes are cut out with ordinary hacksaws with one or two cloths together (depending on the width of the slots).

How to cut a sheet of metal

One of the fastest ways to cut a galvanized sheet is the cutting of a corner grinder. Among the shortcomings of such processing are torn edges that will have to be additionally cleaned and aligned with. The corner grinder is not suitable for cutting corrugated board, as sparks during cutting can damage the polymer coating. But for simple work that does not require high accuracy and accuracy, the corner grinder is quite suitable.

Please note that when using such a power tool, purchase a special disk that will not damage the protective coating on the galvanizing sheet. After cutting the corrugated board, the edges must be cleaned and covered with special paint. Such equipment can be used if you are building a barn from a profiled sheet or making a visor. In this case, you do not have to purchase a special and expensive tool.

Rules when working with a corner grinder:

  • Choose wheels with carbide teeth;
  • Work at low speeds;
  • Treat the cuts of the cut with a special anti.corrosion coating.

Possible methods of cutting rails

Despite the apparent complexity of the operation, it is not difficult to divide the metal element into small sections. To do this, you can use one of the following devices:

Each method is complicated in its own way, but the expected result (cut into parts of the rail) will be obtained. Now. in detail about each methodology.

Cutting with a sewing needle

The method was popular in the last century, when there were no more convenient devices for cutting metal rails. At the same time, the product was not sawed, but broke.

  • The rails are installed on two supports with the base down;
  • A thick sewing needle perpendicular to the product is placed in the expected place of the break;
  • A strong and accurate blow to the place of fit of the needle is made with a sledgehammer, as a result of which the rail is cut in half.
  • Experience is necessary. it is not easy to hit the right place for sure;
  • a fishing line for a cutting trimmer (cut) sometimes turns out a curve;
  • It is necessary to deliver only one exact blow; With several unsuccessful attempts, the integrity of the canvas will be violated.

Use of the chisel

Here, a metal blank is also divided not through cutting, but a blow.

  • set the rail, as in the paragraph above;
  • around the entire perimeter, with a chisel and a hammer (kiyanka), notches of a small depth (1-2 mm) are performed;
  • At the place of notches with a sledgehammer, a blow is carried out, the rail is split.

The advantages and disadvantages of the methodology repeat the above, only time takes a little more.

Rail cutting with a hacksaw

A popular way, although energy consumption. It is important to know several requirements for the sawing canvas:

  • The handle is comfortable, located not horizontally, but vertically, a little with an inclination towards the course of “from yourself”;
  • There is spraying on the cloves of the canvas;
  • The teeth are located in the direction of “from themselves”;
  • When working, move the canvas so that the area of ​​contact of the teeth with the cutting surface is maximum;
  • select the canvas based on the density and hardness of the rail material.

How to cut a rail using a hacksaw? The sequence is as follows:

  • The rail is placed on a horizontal surface;
  • If an accurate cut is required, it is worth using a chisel to make notches on the basis of;
  • Sprink the base on both sides to the neck of the rail;
  • Put the focusing under the place;
  • make a point blow with a sledgehammer.

There are other ways to divide the tied rail into two parts. For example, drop it from a height if there is a manipulator at hand.

The use of corner grinders

Professional tool will save time on cutting the rail. Experienced people argue that two discs with a diameter of 150 mm is enough to cut the classic railway rail (P65, P75).

The work is performed in the same way. the base is tied on both sides, then a punch follows. The operation will take 5-10 minutes.

  • injury hazard (the disk can “bite” and lead to breakdown, flying sparks will fall into the eyes and t.D.);
  • noise when working;
  • high is pointless);
  • The method is bad for home conditions due to the dust, dirt, metal shavings.

The use of rail cutters

Another method of quick division of rails into a faction, which is not quite suitable for home conditions, but deserves consideration. Returients is a professional equipment used for various types of products. It is usually used on railway tracks in order to quickly restore the canvas in order to avoid trains delay. For example, then two devices are discussed further.

Crab hands | Almois Jobbing Official

The general theory of sawing with a hacksaw for metal looks something like this:

The theory of sawing with a hacksaw. Introductory course

Therefore, we will not study theory, but we will go immediately to practice:

On this video, the whole story on how to saw, in fact, is presented, but now there will be a postscript, a number of additions and amendments are presented (plus a brief retelling of the video).

So, let’s start with the fact that it is necessary to cut with a hacksaw for metal horizontally, grabbing the tool with two hands. Why it would be nice to use a hacksaw with a well.expressed handle for grip with a second hand.

Drinking horizontally inconveniently, because for this it is necessary that the workpiece is fixed at chest level, and to saw standing standing. However, workbench, as a rule, are tables at which you need to sit, and if you saw, then standing and from top to bottom. Therefore, hacksaws are often made one.handed and sawed at an angle of 45 °.

To adjust the pressure on the saw (the more firmly metal, the volume must be loaded more, put it on it so that the teeth are bite into the flesh; and vice versa. if the teeth are cut too much, for example, into aluminum, then you need to reduce the pressure): a) change The angle of inclination during sawing, b) put your hand on top to increase weight, c) expand the canvas back.

The saw often stucks in the propyle when the end of the canvas is reached. This is due to the fact that the canvas has a wavy wiring of the teeth (so that it was wider than the canvas and it does not get stuck in the cut), but over time, the amplitude of this wave is reduced in the center of the canvas, and there is almost no at the ends.

Teeth grow more in the center of the canvas

This distortion arose on the basis of sawing this canvas previously not its entire length. Fix (increase breeding in the center or reduce at the ends) now this is already impossible due to the fact that the teeth are hardened. So moral: from the very beginning of the operation of a new canvas, you must always cut all its long.

The following problem: if you saw a thin sheet of metal, the thickness of which is less than the distance between the teeth, the saw gets stuck:

Too thin detail gets stuck between teeth

If the metal is firm (iron). you shift the hell, and if the soft (aluminum). a huge piece of metal is ripped off, torn edges are formed, the edge bends.

Subtle detail sawing a strong slope

Drink at an angle to form a cut of such a length that at the same time there are at least two teeth (the length of the drink ≥ two distances between the teeth).

Next topic: sawing a thin.walled aluminum pipe:

The direction of twisting the pipe

We install the canvas with teeth back, twist the pipe in the direction of the teeth (otherwise the canvas will get stuck on the neighboring edge of the cut, and with the use of force. to break).

Well, even before the heap The canvas of the hacksaw on the metal can be restored, the teeth, for example, is in this way:

Initially, this diamond disk was more diameter and this drill with this disk, being pressed thus, was located strictly parallel to the line of teeth of the canvas, and the disk, respectively, perpendicular. And it was right-in the new hacksaw, the front boundaries of the ends. Now a small negative angle is formed. a little less, but also norms.

information: the canvas can be drilled with a regular metal drill (from steel HSS). Because in the production, the whole canvas is not very hard, on elasticity, but the teeth are hardened separately by induction heating with rapid cooling for hardness, so these teeth can calmly saw the drill.

Method 5 Cut metal scissors

This method is suitable for cutting thin metal sheets (better, soft).

There is a trick that allows scissors to cut off an iron sheet of 2-3 millimeters (depending on the cutting strength) thickness. We fix the scissors with one handle in a vice, put on a piece of the pipe on the other (it should be longer than the handle itself). We get a lever and, as a result, a rather powerful machine for cutting metals. We serve an iron or steel sheet to the scissors, press it strongly on the pipe and cut the metal.

Another way to strengthen the force of scissors is again with the help of a hammer. It is worth noting that all this will most likely lead to a deterioration in the accuracy and evenness of the cut.

By the way, modern metal scissors are quite diverse in appearance and design, there are electric scissors among them (though, they no longer resemble their scissors and in general this, one might say, is another way of cutting metal. which look below).

Mechanical metalworking

The blade is used from a high degree of sharpening from the most solid steel. Usually, it is pre.processing. hardening. hardening. After that, its chemical structure, granularity change, and intermolecular relations become stronger. A press or other indirect effect with the use of force is also required. Examples can be:

  • ribbon.sawer machine (it can be made at home);
  • Guillotine. works on the principle of lowering the cutting part with acceleration;
  • Circular Saw.

Below, consider some tools in more detail.

Hand scissors for cutting metal

Great for use at home, and are also often used in small.scale production and when working with the hands, when it is required to perform a single operation, for example, in a car service.

A feature of use. they can only be used during metalworking of sheet steel, a thickness not exceeding three millimeters. They have their own varieties:

  • For direct cut. the most classic ones, have slightly rounded blades to increase the force applied to one point, in appearance resemble a standard stationery device;
  • For curved. it is much more convenient to produce artistic cuts, as well as make holes;
  • finger. have rounded edges;
  • having only one mobile part, the second half is fixed on the table.

Also, all products differ in right.sided and left.handed in sharpening. The convenience of turning during the process depends on this.

Their design feature is such that the handles are longer than the cutting part, this helps to increase the pressure force. The material from which they are made is also important-the hardness of the steel should be not lower than 52-60 HRC. The blades should not fit closely, but with a gap, if it does not, they will quickly fail, and if too large, the sheet will crumble.

Saws. a device than cutting metal

There are many of them, the choice depends on the purpose of use, the desired result. Below we will talk more about some of the most common types, but for now we will present a complete list:

  • Manual detachment. This is a frame with 3 sides of a quadrangle. A tape with teeth is inserted into the quarter. They quickly dull and require replacement, but the cheapest. They have one pen.
  • Disk. It has an electric drive, a comfortable shape (you can hold with one hand) and interchangeable discs.
  • Ribbon. The cutting canvas moves in a large circle, and the workpiece lies on the bed. The operator must move the steel sheet. Suitable for sawing direct elements.
  • End or end. It is convenient for her to work with small plates. In the mechanism, you need to put and fix the part, a disc drop is lowered on top of a given radius.
  • Pendulum. A variety of the previous, but on a large scale.
  • Circular. Very convenient in use, has more power than the first 2, but at the same time more maneuverable than the rest, as it is manually controlled.

Angle.grinding machine (angular grinder)

Convenient equipment that is what to cut iron at home. Handing name. corner grind. It has taken root since the time of the USSR, because the first devices were brought from Bulgaria.

The peculiarity and advantage of the product is the ability to cut not only sheet steel, but also of any metal parts. metal profiles, pipes, metal tiles, etc. But it should be warned that this is one of the most traumatic procedures.

Replaceable abrasive (diamonds cannot be used) discs can be of different diameters (from 125 to 250 mm) and thickness. The choice depends on the depth of the required section.

Pipe cutters. what to cut the metal

Constructively resembles a manual saw, but much more practical. The cutting part looks like a small disk located inside the vice. the pipe itself is shackled in them. Movements are fast, the result has high quality. The maximum diameter is 4 inches, the minimum. ? Typically, the design consists of three videos, two of which are mobile, and the third is statistical.

Kusachki

They are used everywhere for a snack of wire or rods with a small section. But there is an analogue for more durable aligned products of a cylindrical shape. boltores. It is intended to break reinforcement and bolts, equipped with double springs, so the lever increases the attached force in half.

Criterias of choice

It is easy to get confused from a huge assortment of hacksaws. But the best models always stand out:

  • Universal length of the canvas for working with different blanks. 30 cm;
  • An ergonomic handle, which is rubberized, has grooves and easily sits in the hand (this is felt with the first contact);
  • Optimal weight. not too large, not too small (and the front part of the structure should weigh the rear so that when the tool moves forward, there is no additional load on the canvas, which contributes to the end of the tape);
  • A unique canvas, which has two different cutting lines on both sides (usually such tapes are sold separately);
  • Production. Recognized brands. Kraftool, Armero, BlackDecker, Vira, Stanley, Irwin.

The last paragraph is very important, since today the tools of the tools are full of fakes that suffer premature wear. bend, crack, rust. Therefore, in pursuit of reliability, you should not count on indulgence in the price issue.

The open and working parts of the branded scabbard for metal are always covered with a paper label, which serves as a kind of seal that guarantees high quality.

Also, the “cover” definitely protects the canvas and is removed on the eve of the work.

The choice of the tool or what you need to pay attention to

To choose the best hacksaw for metal manual, pay attention to the following parameters:

  • The length of the tools and paintings. The canvases have different lengths, but if the device is selected, then you need to take one that is convenient to work. If the tool is selected for a specific purpose, then remember that the length of the hacksaw should be 2 times more than the sawing part
  • Lever. To choose the best device, you need to take several models and hold them in the hand. The difference is felt right away, since some handles are uncomfortable. It is better not to take a tool with hollow pens, since they are not reliable. The handle should be comfortable and lie well in the hand
  • Canvas. The main characteristics of the paintings are: tooth shape and step. Depending on which part will be sawed, the corresponding canvases with the size of the teeth are selected. Since in the household, few people pay attention to this, it is better to take several different products
  • Price. The price depends on the quality and functionality
  • Manufacturer. If you are strictly selected, then pay attention to the models of well.known manufacturers. A popular brand specializing in the manufacture of hand tools is IRWIN

Such a reliable tool as a manual hacksaw for metal is necessary on the farm, so you should take its choice responsibly and competently. After using the canvas, you should not throw it away, since it can be fitted for the manufacture of additional tools: knives, cutters, compasses and even chisels (provided that the teeth were not erased or dulled). It all depends on the fantasy of the master, so it’s never too late to proceed with the embodiment of ideas, and do not forget to share your inventions with others. The video tells about the correct operation of hand hacksaws for metal, which will also be useful and interesting to know.

Metal cutting with a hand.shaped hacksaw without turning the canvas

For cutting metal rods of a round section, the cutting location is marked with a damn. The bar is clamped horizontally, putting forward the cut end to the left side of the sponges so that when working with a hacksaw, its head does not hurt the side surface of the vice. If the cutting plane is too removed from the vice of the sponges, the bar will tremble during cutting, making it difficult to cut. The bar must be fixed in a grip reliably.

At the workpiece (at risk), a small drink is made with a trihedral file so that the hacksaw cloth does not slide at the beginning of the cutting on the surface of the bar. Then they take a hacksaw, take a working position, lubricate the canvas with boiled oil with a brush, introduce the cutting edge of the hacksaw canvas into the cut and proceed to cutting (rice. 77, a).

At the beginning of cutting, the pressure on the hacksaw should be smaller, and as the canvas approaches the center of the rod, the pressure is strengthened.

During cutting, the hacksaw cloth sometimes “takes” to the side, this creates a slanting slot (due to the weak tension of the canvas or the wrong position of the hacksaw and its direction). If the canvas “took away” to the side, you need to turn the bar and start cutting G of the opposite side opposite the cut. At the end of cutting, it is necessary to loosen the pressure on the hacksaw and reduce the pace of movement.

to the end using the entire length of the hacksaw clip and all the time controlling the position of the canvas and its direction in relation to the risk. At the end of the cutting, the pressure weakens.

Cutting of strip metal (rice. 77, c), as a rule, should be performed on the narrow side of the strip, provided that the cutting of at least three teeth of the hacksaw. The smaller the teeth at the same time participate in the work, the less pressure on the hacksaw.

Cutting blanks with a thickness of less than a step of the tooths of the canvas should be carried out with a hacksaw in an upright position, with weak pressure on the tool. In this case, it is necessary to work slowly using the entire length of the hacksaw cloth in this case.

metal, hacksaw, possible, angular, grinder

When cutting pipes, cutting places are marked using a template. The template is made of thin tin, curved around the circumference of the pipe.

Measuring ruler from the end of the pipe mark the length of the segment. The edge of the template is brought to the mark, drawn in a damn risk throughout

For cutting, the pipe is clamped horizontally. To avoid crushing the pipe, it is clamped in gaskets (rice. 77, e) for cutting, choose a canvas with small teeth (a step of teeth 1 mm), a trihedral file at risk is done and start cutting. As they deepen, the hacksaw canvas into the wall of the pipe is slightly tilted to themselves. Having cut the pipe into the wall thickness, they take out a hacksaw, turn the pipe from themselves by 45-60 ° and the cutting is continued, combined the rotation of the pipe with cutting along the entire length of the circumference of the pipe. The pace of movement when cutting pipes should be 35-45 moves per minute with small pressure on a hacksaw. At the end of the cutting, the pressure on the hacksaw must be loosened.

Before cutting the corner, it is marked in the planes of the shelves. The regiment of the corner must be installed in a vice (rice. 77, d). The corner must be cut along the narrow edge of the shelf, where the lesser cutting force is required. Therefore, cutting will be made much easier.

Having cut the first shelf to the inner plane of the second shelf, the corner is set to the cutting position of the first shelf, continuing cutting until the end. At the end of the cutting, it is necessary to loosen the pressure on the hacksaw.

The correctness of the cut is checked by the ruler, and the angle is 90 °. Chargic.

Metal cutting with a hand.shaped hacksaw with a turn of the canvas

The work is performed in the following sequence:

  • Marking is performed in the usual way.
  • The hacksaw is prepared for work, and check the quality of the canvas and its suitability for work.
  • The canvas in the side slots of the heads must be installed perpendicular to the plane of the hacksaw (the teeth are directed from the handle); then should be laid in the hole of the pin and pull the canvas.
  • Install the workpiece and squeeze in a vice on the side, putting forward the cut off the coin so that, with vertical cutting, the head of the hacksaw does not hurt the side surface of the vice N does not interfere with the movement of the hands. In addition, the workpiece should slightly rise above the level of the sponges of the vice, otherwise the workpiece will vibrate during cutting. When cutting, it is necessary to monitor the direction of the canvas, supporting the plane of the hacksaw in the horizontal “position.

The movement of the hacksaw should be performed smoothly, without jerking, avoiding distortion of the canvas, as this can lead to its departure or breakdown.

As the metal cuts, the workpiece must be rearranged above to continue cutting. reducing the pace of movement and the force of pressing on the hacksaw at the end of the cutter.

metals

Mechanization of work when cutting materials is carried out in two ways: using a mechanized manual tool and through the use of stationary equipment.

(rice. 2.62) is effective when cutting materials in the workplace of a locksmith. It consists of housing 2, in which an electric engine is placed. A drum 7 is installed on the engine shaft, which includes a finger 3, connected to a slider 4. A hacksaw cloth 6 is mounted on the slider 6. When the drum rotates, the habits receives reciprocating movement and performs metal cutting. During operation, the hacksaw is rested with a bracket 5 and is supported by the handle.

Manual electrical scissors

(rice. 2.63) ensure cutting sheet steel up to 2.7 mm thick. They consist of case 3, in which an electric engine is mounted, and the hull of the knife head 2. The engine through the worm pair drives an eccentric roller 1. The connecting rod 9 is installed by the head on the eccentric roller 7, and the lower head is associated with the finger of the 8th lever of the upper knife b. Lower knife 5 is attached to the bracket 4. In the process of work, the connecting rod 9, making a reciprocating movement, forces the knife lever 7 with the upper knife 6, providing metal cutting. The gap between the knives is regulated by the movement of the bracket 4 in the crankcase of the knife head. The magnitude of this gap depends on the thickness of the cut material.

Details Category: varietal folking of metal with a locksmith

A manual locksmith hacksaw is used to cut blanks from varietal rolling

Canvaslocksmith. a thin tape made of solid steel, on one edge of which are appliedteeth wedge.shaped. Each tooth iscutter.

must be reliably fixed inframe (cm. rice. right5)stretch screw (1), andteeth directed towards the oppositepen (four ).

Below you can watch a fragment of the film about the manufacture of locksmiths. The full version of the film can be downloaded and.

Starting to work, you should adjust the tension of the canvas in the hacksaw frame. To do this, you need to insert one edge of the canvas into The back head

(3) and fix with crap. Insert the second edge of the canvas into the cutfront head (2) and pull the canvas withStretch screw-barashka. Too strong tension of the canvas, as well as too weak, can lead to its breakdown. At sedimentary risk, they make shallow drafted with a trihedral file. This will ensure the exact direction of movement of the canvas.

During work, you need to take the right working pose (see. rice. left): to become a half.brood toward the vice, put the left leg forward and place the feet at an angle to each other.

Consulus is held with two hands during cutting. The position of the hands is shown in the figure below. The movement of the hacksaw is carried out only with the hands, and the case remains motionless. This allows you to save strength and provides high quality work.

With a hacksaw, you can cut strip material only if three or more teeth of a hacksaw canvas are laid on its thickness.

Subtle material is fixed between wooden bars

(cm.rice. on right). Thin blanks are collected by packages, t. e. fold a few pieces together and fix it in a vice.

It is not always possible to bring cutting to the end due to the fact that the frame of the machine rests on their end. Then the canvas is rotated in relation to the frame by 90 ° (see.rice. left) and continue to work.

(corner, channel, etc.) when cutting with a hacksaw, it is recommended to fix in woodenNitriners (cm.rice. on right).

At the beginning of cutting strip and square rolling, the hacksaw is tilted slightly forward. Gradually, the slope is reduced and after drinking reaches the nearest rib of the workpiece, the hacksaw is returned to a horizontal position. It is necessary to ensure that the marking risk is preserved. If you saw exactly at sedimentary risk, then after sawing off the size of the part will be less than the set in the drawing, which will lead to an irreparable marriage. The movement of the hacksaw forward is a worker, since at this time the teeth of the canvas cut the metal, and the movement back is idle. When the hacksaw moves forward, it is slightly pressed down, the reverse movement is performed without pressure.

The stab should be complete so that the canvas wear out evenly along the entire length. You need to move the hacksaw smoothly, without jerks, rhythmically. The speed of the hacksaw can be from 30 to 60 double moves per minute. To reduce friction, the canvas of the hacksaw is covered with machine oil or other dense lubricants.

The workpiece must be reliably fixed in a vice. You need to work with a hacksaw smoothly, without jerks. Ending the cutting, it is necessary to loosen the pressure on the hacksaw and hold the cut off. You can not blow the chips and sweep it with your hand. We need to use a brush-mark.

The illustration shows different options for locksmiths and various devices for sawing metal.

Teach students to use a locksmith, familiarize yourself with the cutting process, and educate accuracy in work.

locksmith workbench, locksmith hacksaw, harvesting varietal rolling.

Classification of hacksaws according to the type of handle

Metal saw can be equipped with various types of handles:

Both the convenience of working with the saw and the ease of manipulating with a saw canvas depend on the type of grip. It is generally accepted that the pistol pen provides the convenience of the grip. And the direct.type handle makes it possible to more accurately direct the saw canvas.

If the master is faced with the task of processing blanks with increased accuracy, then it is best, of course, to take a saw with a straight handle. If some special requirements are imposed on the accuracy of processing the workpiece, then it is best to take a saw with a traditional pistol handle.