Can I wash with water?
After use, gasoline lawn mowers are washed with a stream of water in order to remove adhering plant residues, but this method cannot be used for electric devices, because they are not protected from water.
Therefore, NEVER wash the mower, instead use a variety of brushes or paddles made of soft materials to clean the outside and inside of the machine from shredded vegetation.
The electric motor does not turn on or periodically turns off
The most common prerequisite for such a malfunction is the disconnection of one of the plugs from the corresponding socket. This is due to the extension cord being pulled too hard and the plug is pulled out of the outlet. If the motor worked and suddenly turned off for no reason, then walk along the entire extension cord and check the contacts.
If all the plugs are inserted into the Corresponding sockets, then check the voltage in the network, it is possible that an additional high-power electrical appliance turned on with the mower and the power consumption has reached a critical value.
When this happens, the fuses (plugs) are triggered, so you need to check them, if they are off, you will have to look for an additional electrical appliance, which increased the load on the internal network to a critical value.
In old houses, faulty wiring gives the same effect, in which bad contacts heat up under load, which leads to:
- Melting insulation;
- The appearance of current leaks;
- Short circuit.
To check this wiring, you need a clamp meter.
DO NOT use any other measuring devices for this, because only a clamp meter allows you to do this work without direct contact with electricity.
Remember. touching an exposed conductor or contact that is energized at 220 volts is deadly!
First, disconnect all consumers of electricity, then Measure the current at the entrance to the house, if the wiring is working properly and DO NOT forget to turn off any electrical appliance, then the current consumption will be zero. Then plug in the lawnmower and have an assistant start mowing the grass so you can measure the current into the extension cord.
It must correspond to the power of the mower engine, which can be determined by the formula P = IU, where:
- P. power in watts.
- U. voltage in volts.
- I. current in amperes.
After making sure that when mowing grass, the current consumption matches the power, disconnect the mower from the mains and connect the pliers to the input wires that supply electricity to the house, then ask the assistant to continue mowing the grass and observe the current, while waiting for the plugs to operate.
If the current increases Not only at the entrance to the house, but also in the extension cord, then the problem is either in the extension cable or in the mower itself, so first replace the cable.
If this does not help, it is necessary to disassemble the mower and carefully check all contacts, as well as the condition of the motor windings. However, for such work, it is necessary to be well versed in electrical engineering and be able to render it, because it is necessary not only to repair the damage or replace a defective part, but to eliminate the cause that led to such a defect.
If you do not know how to do this, then Contact a specialized workshop.
Electric lawn mowers: device, operation, malfunctions
An electric lawn mower is a complex tool, so it is very important to use and maintain it correctly.
Improper maintenance or use can result in not only serious damage to the mower, but also injury.
The general rules for safe use are the same for all lawn mowers, however, there are nuances that apply only to certain types of THESE machines.
The information that you will find in this article cannot fully replace the user’s manual of a particular model, but it will give a general idea of the correct use of electric lawn mowers, including their maintenance and repair.
Let’s give answers to the following questions:
- What is the device of an electric lawn mower;
- How to use it correctly: how to turn it on, how to mow the lawn;
- How to service: disassemble, sharpen a knife, can it be washed with water, mows wet grass, how to store;
- The most frequent malfunctions: does not turn on, stopped working, smoke and what could be the reasons;
- Other nuances of operating THESE devices.
How to store?
The main prerequisite for storing lawnmowers is low humidity, so they can be stored in any dry room. Before storing, clean the device from grass residues and wipe with a dry cloth to reduce humidity and protect metal parts from corrosion.
Failure to do so may cause condensation to build up inside the mower, causing a short circuit and electric shock.
What clothes to use
The choice of clothing affects the safety and efficiency of grass mowing.
Therefore, to work with a lawn mower you need:
- Shirt with long buttoned sleeves;
- Long pants made of thick fabric;
- Shoes covering the leg with durable grooved sole;
- Safety glasses or mask;
- Hat or cap (on a hot sunny day).
Method of ejection and processing of grass
High-speed rotating knife Not only cuts the grass, but also accelerates it, so that the centrifugal force pushes the cut vegetation against the deck, so it flies out through the rear or side window, depending on the configuration and operating mode of the mower.
If both holes are closed, then the cut grass passes between the ends of the knife and the walls of the deck, after which it falls down.
When working in this mode, Falling fragments are quite large, comparable to the themes that fly out through the windows provided for this.
If, however, an additional (mulching) knife is installed along with the standard knife, then the size of the grass falling to the ground will be reduced several times, therefore this mode of operation is called mulching. All rotary mowers can not only throw the grass back, but also collect it in the grass catcher, this mode is in demand where, for any reason, it is impossible to leave the mown vegetation on the site.
Drum mowers work a little differently. while rotating, the drum accelerates the fragments of cut vegetation inside it, which are pressed against the tightly fitting lawn mower body. Therefore, at the moment of passing through the exit window, they fly out under the action of centrifugal force.
All drum mowers are equipped with rear discharge only, however, some of them are equipped with a grass catcher, so such models can be used Not only for mowing, but also for men mowing grass from the site.
Engine’s type
Electric lawn mowers are equipped with asynchronous and synchronous motors.
The former have a slightly lower efficiency, but they are much easier to perceive high loads or overloads, the latter more efficiently convert electrical energy into shaft rotation, but greatly increase the cost of the apparatus.
This is due to both the higher cost of synchronous motors and the need to protect them with a Belt Drive. The main difference between synchronous motors is the presence of contacts (collectors), therefore they are sometimes called collector motors, confused with DC motors.
Machines with a synchronous motor are well suited for mowing lawns and other areas planted with cultivated vegetation, however, their use in areas overgrown with wild grass, especially tall and thick, is undesirable.
After all, such vegetation dramatically increases the load on the motor windings and collector brushes, as well as on the parts of the Belt drive, all this leads to a rapid decrease in their resource. Asynchronous motors are devoid of this drawback, however, when working with them, it is necessary to use different methods of Mowing well-groomed and tall grass.
On the slopes
The basic rule that must be observed when working on slopes or other uneven terrain is that you only need to move the mower across the slope, that is, perpendicular to the direction of change in height. Therefore, a snake is the optimal trajectory for working on slopes, which makes it undesirable to use a side discharge.
When using any lawnmower with front piano wheels, pay close attention to the direction of their movement, because unlike four-wheel devices with a rigid front axle fixation, they are much more sensitive to tilt.
This is especially true for self-propelled devices, which are usually guided with a light movement of the hand, but on slopes this attitude can lead to problems. After all, if the mower changes the trajectory of movement, it can get into the area, and not intended for mowing and touch the curb or other obstacle.
How long can you use?
The optimum operating mode for each model is described in the lawnmower’s manual.
If this document is not available for some reason, then adhere to the 15/10 rule, that is, mow the grass for 15 minutes, then wait 10 minutes for the motor to cool down.
However, this mode is optimal only for mowing lawn grass, the height of which does not exceed twice the mowing height of the lawn mower.
- The vegetation is higher;
- Has a thick stem;
- Grows nearby (field grass, including herbs),
Then the operating time should be reduced by 2-3 times.
Checking its temperature after each period of operation will help to avoid overheating of the motor, for this:
- Release the engine start lever;
- Disconnect the mower plug from the extension cord;
- With the back of your hand touch the motor.
The motor should not feel warm to the touch of the human body, after the third or fourth period of mowing, a slight heating is permissible, the palm feels warm as at a temperature of 37-39 degrees.
If the surface of the motor is hot, then lengthen the cooling time and shorten the running time, this will extend the life of the electric motor.
Homemade segment mower for tiller
Such a segmented mower for a tiller is made of 15x50x120 metal beams. 12 holes need to be drilled in them so that their dimensions fit the M8 bolts. In the future, a guide rail (89 cm) with teeth and knives will be attached to these bolts. Knives are installed on both sides of the timber.
Slides and clamps are attached from both ends of the timber. A wheel is attached to the main frame, which can be removed from an unnecessary stroller. Under the influence of the PTO of the tiller, the cutting section of the mower starts to work. This can be seen in more detail in the figure:
Main welded frame (1), braces (2), gear wheel (3), fixing and adjustment of the braking system (4), pawl for fixing the brake (5), main arches (6 and 8), hinged body (7), leg (9), fuel line (10), regulator valve (11), gas tank (12), handle (13), levers (14 and 17), latching mechanism (15), fastening bolt (16), throttle control lever ( 18), clamp (19), muffler for engine (20), engine (21), fixing fasteners (22), fairings (23), cutting knives (24 and 25), cover (26), slide (27), element fixings (28), knife frame (29), rod (30), pin (31), plates for holding the lower and upper parts (32 and 33).
The mower, assembled according to this drawing, easily mows the grass. This homemade mower can be seen in action at.
Segment Mower
This type of mowing machine is an excellent choice for large areas of land. A distinctive feature is high performance. The mowed hay can be stacked in one row, which is very convenient, because it can then be assembled by the baler. Segmental Tiller Mowers have a working width of 800-1000 mm. In contrast to the rotary segment, the segment has a significantly greater weight and dimensions.
Choosing a Tiller Mower
Published June 15
To date, almost no farm can do without such machinery and equipment as mini tractor. Cultivator and various attachments to them, in particular a mower, because it is simply necessary for mowing grass. Accordingly, almost every farmer will have to choose such attachments as a hay mower for a tiller. Since there are several types of mowers, within the framework of this article we will try to consider them in more detail.
Rotary mounted mower for tiller
An important role in choosing a mower is played by the relief, size and vegetation of your site. If low grasses or grain crops grow on it, then the Zarya rotary mower will do. For a tiller, it is the best budget option. Such a mower mows well on a flat area or with a deviation of NOT more than 20 degrees. The principle of operation is to rotate discs mounted on rotors.
Pluses of rotary mower:
- The cut grass is laid in swaths;
- Simple disc design;
- Easy to repair.
- Traumatic in operation;
- When working, you must always be on the lookout so that stones do NOT damage the knives.
Many landowners buy a rotary mower due to the fact that the blades can be installed in different ways (front or rear).
Navigation through records. Homemade rotary mower for a tiller
A home-made rotary mower on a tiller is used for mowing grass for hay and for mowing a lawn. If the grass is small, then the mower will simply chop it up, and tall grass will be cut.
Consider a model made for the Neva Tiller and similar models. Here we use two discs for a grain seeder, but for chainsaws we use a chain and a gearbox. One disc requires four knives. They are made from hardened metal. To install them, holes with a diameter of six millimeters are drilled on each disc with a carbide drill. Using ham, crepe knives onto discs. Also, keeping the gap between the knife and the shank, which is 1-2 mm more than the thickness of the knife itself.
Due to this, the centrifugal force, when rotating, will straighten the knives from the disc, and they will mow the grass. At the same time, it should be possible to rotate the knives 360 degrees, which is done to make the knives more safe when they collide with something solid.
For the manufacture of a wasp, on which the knives will be attached, they use durable carbon steel. The diameter should be at least eight millimeters. In order for the knives to have free movement, you need to tighten the disc all the way here.
These two discs are mounted on a welded frame and communicate with the PTO drive. The rotation of the disks should occur towards each other, which will allow the mowed grass to be folded into rows.
How to put the knives on the rotary mower correctly
- Homemade mower for tiller, characteristics and description
- Homemade rotary mower for a tiller
- Homemade segment mower for tiller
- How to connect a homemade mower to a tiller
To facilitate the physical labor of a person on a personal plot, more than a hundred different sheds for the tiller are offered. But not everyone can afford to buy such equipment, because its cost is NOT cheap. The article describes a homemade mower for a tiller, the pros and cons of popular designs. When assembling such a mower, the most important thing is to get a safe and high quality model. To make a mower for a tiller with their own hands, they usually use improvised units from agricultural machinery. After all, the main goal pursued by the creators of homemade mowers is to save money and achieve maximum results. Some of the models that ordinary gardeners come up with often surprise professionals with their idea and simplicity of design.
Usually, home-made mowers for a tiller, construct a frontal type: rotary mower, segment mower and carriage mower.
The welded frame is the basis for the segmental and rotary mowers. It is made from metal corners, 4×4 cm in size. For the wheel axle, the bearing housings are mounted on the frame. Then the working part of the mower of the selected type is made.
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Blade and adapter shapes
If this is a simple blade cutter, then there can be several blades. but no more than 8. The type of blades in such knives can be as follows:
- Simple (rectangular)
- Rounded (extreme edges have smooth curvature)
- Pointed (in the form of a wide dihedral bayonet).
Bladeless knives. a cutter that resembles a circular saw for wood. These knives are also called disc knives. The number of teeth is up to tens. They distantly resemble bicycle sprockets, the teeth of which have been sharply sharpened and changed the direction of the cut. There is a special type of cutter in which the cutting part of the day is not star-shaped, but stepped. It resembles rounded and curved steps, also evenly spaced. Their sheer parts are sharply sharpened. The height of the teeth or “steps” reaches several tens of millimeters.
The adapter is a two-blade knife adapter that fits onto the motor shaft. From the side of the knife, it has retaining rods threaded through the holes of the cutter itself. The whole structure is tightened with a central bolt. Simply put, an adapter is a knife holder. On the reverse side, it has serrated grooves that match the teeth of the shaft. Matches according to the inner diameter of the central hole of the knife (for example, 22 mm).
Tips for choosing
First of all, the knife must be strong and durable. The best material for knives is stainless steel of the correct thickness, not, for example, black steel with a spray of stainless steel or galvanized iron. Sometimes manufacturers indicate the grade of stainless steel, for example, AISI 304. The knife is not a part that is worth saving on.
For portable lawn mowers, the minimum solution is a two-knife blade. In other words, you should choose a knife with two cutting edges. He will cut the grass. but he will not chop it up. To mulch the grass, buy a cutter with eight sharp ones. The optimum sharpening angle is approximately 30 degrees. You will quickly learn to recognize such knives.
The thread of the rotor pins, on which the cutter is put on with its mounting holes, does not matter. Usually it is left, if the knife turns to the right. and vice versa. This helps to avoid loosening the nuts and the knife coming off at full speed.
How to fix and replace?
The knife should be changed every quarter or during the growing season, although sometimes it should be changed sooner. Installing the knife is as follows:
- If the mower is in operation. Suspend it; in electric braids, it is enough to turn off the power (cord from the socket, disconnect the battery); the lawn mowers are disconnected from the key, unused fuel is drained back into the canister;
- Turn the mower to one side and remove the grass catcher;
- Clean off the ground and grass adhering to the working parts from the knife and protective visor;
- Remove the visor (protective cover) of the knife; it holds back the grass scattered in all directions (when mowing);
- Unscrew the fastening bolt, Using a wrench or a head, the knife should NOT turn, it itself is attached to the adapter; it is recommended to wear work gloves before removing the knife so as not to cut yourself;
- Insert a new (preferably exactly the same) knife and tighten the bolt, when it looses, the machine vibrates, or the blade may fly off.
If there are vibrations, but there is a replacement knife, it is necessary to balance the old one. Remove the knife and check its balance by hanging it on a screwdriver or nail with a large head. For this, the working part of the screwdriver is threaded through the central hole of the cutter itself. If there is an imbalance. one particular point will tilt, in this case, grind off some metal. With repeated sharpening, the mass of the sharp, outweighing the others, will decrease, and the center of mass will shift to its place. When balancing is complete, reattach the adapter and tighten the modified torch. If the adapter has a key holding it on the motor (gearbox) shaft. do not forget to press it into place.
Varieties and sizes
Finally, the material of the cutter is critical in terms of safety. Most knives are made from stainless steel, but there are also plastic knives. The fact is that when the cutter hits a large stone, the debris of steel can ricochet you. The blow of the plastic debris is much more harmless. unless it hits the eye. The plastic knife is the choice of owners of mowers with a curved flexible shaft. The utility knife for lawn mowers not only cuts the grass and bushes, but also crumbles them. due to the larger number of blades (up to 8). Finely chopped grass will do as a top dressing (mulch) for the lawn.
Popular manufacturers
Both lawn mowers and accessories for them, for example, knives, are produced by popular manufacturers, the best of which are the following:
- Bosch;
- Gardena;
- Craftsman;
- Champion;
- Makita;
- Hyundai;
- Daewoo;
- Honda;
- “Zubr”;
- Interskol;
- “Anchor”.
Purpose and requirements
The purpose of the mower cutter is to cut the grass evenly and neatly in large quantities. In one session, when mowing one hundred square meters of a plot, you can collect tens of kilograms of grass. If the lawn mower has the function of shredding (mulching), such a knife should also chop the grass. The lawn mower cutter is designed so that its blades create upward thrust for the freshly cut grass. She carries this grass into the collector.
The best alloy for a mowing knife is stainless steel. over, it must have a hardness NOT lower than 55 units on the Rockwell scale. A lower hardness value will quickly dull the cutter. especially when cutting grass and bushes. Since the cut grass contains not only moisture, but also other active components, ordinary steel would quickly become covered with a brown coating after the first mowing session. Stainless steel, creating on its surface a chromium oxide that resists corrosion (chromium is also included in the list of alloying additives), does not allow the knife to rust.
Lawn mower knives: requirements, varieties, mounting features and selection
A knife is no less popular than a fishing line or cord, a working tool for a lawn mower. If you can do with a line or cord in a trimmer, then the knife is basically a cutter for lawn mowers, the power of which is noticeably more than that of trimmers.
Common breakdowns
Most often, the malfunctions are as follows: the mower does NOT cut the grass or does not turn on at all.
The mower does NOT cut the grass
There are two options here.
- A dull or broken knife. Sharpen it with a file, an angle grinder, on a sharpening machine (you need a flat-cylindrical sharpening stone) or on a machine (or drill) using emery wheels. Check torch balance.
- The cutter itself is not set correctly. Set the gap in the cylindrical mower between the rotating cylinder and the blades of the knife, equal to the thickness of the sheet of paper.