Chainsaw ignition system: operation scheme, check, adjustment
A separate class of chain saws uses gasoline engines as a power unit. They are necessarily equipped with an ignition system, which is responsible for the timely ignition of the air-fuel mixture in the cylinders by means of an electric discharge breaking through the space between the spark plug electrodes.
The correct operation of the motor depends on at what point a spark arises. Special attention should be paid to checking the technical condition of the ignition system of an acquired gasoline saw.
The device and principle of operation of the ignition system of a chainsaw
The standard carburetor engine ignition system consists of:
- magneto;
- spark plug;
- an electric cable connecting them to each other;
- engine shutdown keys.
Ural chainsaw ignition scheme
Magneto is a type of alternator that supplies spark plugs with electricity.
It consists of a fixed winding of an inductor and a permanent magnet mounted on a flywheel that rotates with the crankshaft of a gasoline engine.
A moving magnetic field creates an electromotive force in the low-voltage winding, which is transformed by the transformer into voltage with a potential sufficient to produce a spark.
For contact magnetos, the first output of the high-voltage winding is connected to the spark plug, and the second through the mechanical switch to ground. At a certain moment, a special structural element makes contacts, which leads to a sharp increase in the voltage in the network and the passage of sparks in the interelectrode space of the candle.
The ignition circuit of a chainsaw with a contactless magneto is based on the operation of the control coil, which plays the role of a voltage supply regulator. The electronic unit also includes a diode, capacitor and thyristor, which transmits current with a voltage of a certain value.
When it opens, the capacitor is intensively discharged, forming a current in the turns of the primary winding, which is inducted into a high voltage voltage, which gives a breakdown on the spark plug installed in the cylinder.
The electric network operates in a pulsed mode to the beat with the rotation of the crankshaft and the translational movement of the cylinders.
Ignition timing
The mechanical device and the factory setting of magneto ensure that the spark discharge time coincides with the optimal position of the moving piston.
For four-stroke gasoline engines, spark penetration should occur even before the piston arrives at top dead center. this is because the process of complete ignition of the air-fuel mixture takes a certain time.
The speed of movement of engine parts is comparable to the speed of ignition of the fuel, so the piston manages to go some way from the moment the spark passes through to the moment the burning gases create extremely high pressure.
For each engine there is an ignition timing. It is equal to the crank rotation expressed in degrees from the moment of breakdown in the interelectrode space of the spark plug to the moment when the piston is at top dead center. This indicator depends on many parameters, including the design features of the engine and the properties of the fuel mixture.
When is the ignition setting required? The main symptoms of a system malfunction are:
- engine does not start;
- the motor works, but with noticeable interruptions;
- there is a decrease in tool power.
In these cases, do not rush to contact the service center. Try adjusting the ignition yourself first.
The procedure for checking and tuning the correct operation of the engine
The most vulnerable element of the carburetor engine is the spark plug. It also allows you to judge the probable causes of malfunction of individual units of the gasoline engine. The following procedure is recommended.
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Remove the candle and inspect it. A dry candle with a light brown tint of the electrodes can be considered good.
Soot on a spark plug
Chainsaw ignition coil
During installation of a new electrical module on the engine, the magneto clearance should be adjusted.. The optimum distance between the flywheel and the ignition coil for most chainsaws is 0.2-0.4 mm.
The gap between the magneto and the flywheel
With such a small gap, it will not be possible to use an available measuring tool for direct measurement. In practice, a template is used for the Husqvarna saw in the form of a gasket cut from a thin and flexible sheet material of the required thickness. It is clamped in the space between the flywheel and the coil when it is installed, and then pulled out.
To avoid having to resort to adjusting the ignition, operate the tool carefully, avoiding impacts. In particular, this applies to chainsaws with electronic chips in the ignition system, as they are very sensitive to mechanical damage.
Chainsaw ignition system. device, check and adjustment
The chainsaw ignition system is a series of parts that form a spark when starting the tool engine. In most cases, the ignition system is a fairly reliable unit, but sometimes, for various reasons, some of its parts fail. Let’s study the features of repair and adjustment of the main elements of the chainsaw ignition system.
The device and principle of operation of the ignition system of a chainsaw
The ignition system of modern chainsaws consists of a list of important details. The main structural elements are:
- Spark plug;
- Flywheel magneto;
- Wiring;
- Power button.
The ignition system also includes an ignition coil, chopper and capacitor. The coil is responsible for turning on the core and the winding of the transformer. Candles in the design of the nodes consist of a side and central electrodes, an external housing and an insulator.
The circuit breaker and coil winding in the design are connected in series. The breaker is switched off due to the presence of a cam on the crankshaft of the chainsaw. The ignition system magneto is located to the left of the crankcase and is secured with a nut and two studs.
In the process of starting the chainsaw with the help of flywheel magnets, a magnetic field is formed that crosses the coil. Provided that the contacts of the primary winding are in a closed state, a weak current is generated in the ignition system.
If the contacts are in the open state, then the magnetic field is not formed, which leads to the appearance of high voltage in the secondary winding. Subsequently, the current is supplied to the candle, which sets fire to the fuel to start the chainsaw.
How to set the ignition on a chainsaw?
Quite often, chainsaw owners are faced with a problem in which the tool engine does not start. One of the main reasons for this failure is the malfunction of the ignition system, namely, a failure of the factory settings of the unit.
First of all, the owner of the saw will need to unscrew the protective rubber cap and check the candle under it. It is possible that it is flooded with oil, which prevents the current from entering the candle. In such cases, the problem lies not in the ignition system, but in the fuel system, namely, in the depressurization of the channels.
However, if the candle is completely dry, it means that you may need to install the ignition on a chainsaw. To do this, unscrew the candle and dismantle the protective cover. After this, the clearance between the flywheel and the ignition coil must be measured. The instructions for each of the chainsaw models indicate the optimal clearance between these elements.
In most cases, it is from 0.2 to 0.4 mm. Since the flywheel of the tool has a round shape, it will not be possible to use a car probe to adjust the clearance. It is best to use a special template in the form of a gasket for this purpose. However, finding it is not so simple.
Therefore, many experts advise using a cut strip from a plastic bottle as a template.
Adjusting the ignition of the chainsaw is quite simple;
- To begin, loosen the bolts securing the ignition system;
- Install the plate from the plastic bottle between the coil and the flywheel;
- Tighten the bolts to the end.
In order not to resort to frequent adjustment of the ignition system, you should handle the chainsaw as carefully as possible. Try to exclude impacts of the instrument on the tree, especially on that side of the instrument where the elements of the assembly are located. Especially if your chainsaw includes electronic ignition.
How to check the ignition coil of a chainsaw with a multimeter?
Accurately determine the breakdown of the ignition system of the chainsaw will help a special device. a multimeter. It will make it possible to determine if there are breakdowns of the coil and other elements of the assembly. The procedure is as follows:
- First you need to set the multimeter so that the arrow of the device is located at around 200 ohms;
- After that, you need to open the operating manual of the chainsaw and study the optimum resistance indicated there for the primary winding of the ignition coil. As a rule, this indicator ranges from 3 to 5 ohms;
- Next, you need to connect the primary ignition coil to the device. If the performance of this part of the coil is normal, we begin to check its secondary winding;
- We study the operating instructions again and look at the optimum resistance values indicated for the secondary winding. It is worth noting that this part of the element has great indicators, so the multimeter should be set so that its arrow is located next to the 20K indicator;
- Next, we connect the device to the hole of the coil into which the wires are inserted. If the multimeter shows normal values, then the coil is fully operational. However, if the resistance on the display of the device is far from the parameters specified by the manufacturer, then the coil will have to be changed.
Often there are cases when the coil produces a spark, but the indicators of its resistance on the primary and secondary winding are far from the parameters specified by the manufacturer. In such cases, it is also required to change the element, since after a while it will become worthless.
Chainsaw ignition system. device, adjustment, video
The device of any modern chainsaw consists of a number of important mechanisms, on the coordinated work of which the efficiency and productivity of the garden tool on the site depends. One of these nodes is the ignition system.
It is responsible for generating the spark necessary to ignite the fuel supplied to the engine cylinder.
Without a working ignition system, an economic garden tool will not be able to start, so each gardener needs to study its structure, as well as the rules for adjusting and maintaining the assembly with their own hands.
Device chainsaw ignition system factory
The chainsaw ignition system initially consists of several constantly working elements.
Their list includes:
- spark plug;
- magneto;
- electrical wiring connecting both elements to each other;
- control keys that are needed to turn off a running engine.
Magneto is one of the standard types of generator that generates alternating current. It is necessary to supply an electric variable energy to the standard spark plug.
Directly magneto consists of a factory permanent magnet and a winding of an inductance unit mounted motionless.
The magnet is mounted on the factory flywheel, which is driven simultaneously with the start of rotation of the crankshaft of the chainsaw engine.
Electronic magneto in factory ignition systems for household chainsaws can initially be of two types:
- contact magneto. they have directly connected to the standard candle the first standard output of the factory high-voltage winding. In this case, the second output is oriented to the ground directly through the built-in mechanical switch. At the right time, a separate element of the device forces contacts. To prevent overheating and accidental oxidation of the factory contacts of the interrupter wiring, a separate capacitor is initially connected to the ignition system circuitry.
- non-contact magneto. their main elements are control elements that act as voltage regulators. The device includes a tourist who passes only current whose voltage does not exceed a predetermined value. During the opening of the tourist, the capacitor begins to discharge, as a result of which a current is generated in the turns of the primary value. The entire electrical network of a non-contact magneto operates in the mode of short pulses. Each pulse is generated simultaneously with a full revolution of the engine crankshaft and the movement of the cylinder of the chainsaw.
Regardless of the type of magneto, the system of each chainsaw requires regular inspection and adjustment. This helps to avoid complex damage and makes it possible to extend the life of the unit.
How to set the ignition on a chainsaw?
Installing the ignition on a household chainsaw is definitely required if the garden tool does not start. Adjusting the ignition of the chainsaw will allow for the normal joint work of the factory engine and other working mechanisms of the chainsaw.
Before you adjust the ignition on the chainsaw, you need to carefully inspect the candle. It should not be completely dry or drenched in plenty of oil. If a thick layer of soot has formed on the used candle, then it will need to be cleaned and dried.
Next, you must correctly set the gap between the flywheel and the ignition coil on the chainsaw:
- First you need to remove the left side cover of the protective plastic case;
- Under it are a coil and a flywheel. Near the flywheel there are 2 screws that are responsible for the displacement of the element. The simultaneous rotation of both screws counterclockwise will help to slightly move the flywheel from the ignition coil;
- As soon as the element is displaced, a template. a gasket, 0.2 mm thick. will need to be fixed to the side of the coil. The thickness of the template is directly proportional to the required clearance between the flywheel and the coil ;;
- Further, without violating the position of the template, you will need to start screwing the screws in the direction of the clock. This must be done until the flywheel comes close to the template.
After adjusting the gap, the system will need to be checked with a multimeter. In this case, the readings on the device correspond to the instructions in the instruction manual.
How to check the ignition coil of a chainsaw?
If, after setting the required clearance, the household chainsaw still does not start, then the coil itself is faulty. To determine the exact cause of the breakdown, you will need to perform the following steps:
- check the part with a device that measures the presence of a spark. for this, the device must be connected to the circuit break between the high-voltage factory wire of the standard coil and the candle;
- make measurements of the resistance of the standard coil. this method is not often used, since the owner of the household saw needs to know the exact values of the coil resistance in advance. In addition, in addition to the inductive coil, the ignition contains certain semiconductor elements that help to form the necessary high-voltage pulse. Problems in them can be identified only after preheating. To measure resistance, you will need to disconnect the cap and the armored wire from the coil. For an inexperienced user of a chainsaw, this can cause difficulties, therefore it is best to carry out such checks only in specialized workshops;
- check the coil directly with a candle. for this, the regular candle will need to be unscrewed and applied to the cylinder. Next, you need to sharply pull on the plastic handle of the built-in starter and observe the spark formed between the contacts of the used candle. It should be noted that this method gives only an approximate understanding of the health of the factory coil. The fact is that the used candle at the time of verification is not under the necessary pressure, as a result of which the standard flywheel, due to the lack of the necessary compression, will initially rotate faster.
In addition to all of the above methods, there is another. the so-called "cardinal" way of checking the part.
To execute it, you need to act in this order:
- First you need to remove the cap mounted on the candle and carefully insert a small nail into it. Do it very carefully so as not to damage the inner cavity of the cap. It is better to bite off the “hat” of the used nail first with pliers, since in this way it will be easier to remove it from the cap;
- The stuck nail will need to be located at a distance of about 6-7 mm from the factory cylinder of the chainsaw engine;
- Next, you need to start the saw motor. In this case, the candle should be screwed into the standard hole in the chainsaw. Starting the engine will activate the ignition system of the garden tool;
- When starting the engine, observe the spark. When the motor is turned on, it should have a more saturated bright blue color. If the shade of the spark is different, then this indicates a malfunction of the coil.
Repairing a faulty coil is generally useless, as it cannot be repaired. A broken part is best replaced immediately.
Electronic ignition for Druzhba and Ural chainsaws: performance check, self-repair
Technical parameters are directly related to the design of the tool and the principle of its operation. For example, power, permissible dimensions of the saw set depend on the volume and type of engine. From the design and materials used. weight.
In general, the design of the chainsaw is a motor, torque transmission mechanisms and a saw blade. Between a motor and a chain connect the gearbox (transmission system) and the clutch system. The saw blade is a tire with a chain placed on it. Since the chainsaw engine is two-stroke, it has 2 tanks. oil (for chain lubrication) and fuel (for the fuel mixture).
It uses a fuel mixture, not gasoline, due to the structure of a two-stroke engine that does not have a separate tank for lubricating its internal elements.
The operation of the tool is as follows: when the user pulls on the "string" of the starter, the crankshaft spins. In the event that there is a sufficient amount of fuel mixture in the tank, then at one of the revolutions the spark plug fires. a spark ignites the mixture.
Video: How to Test a Chainsaw Ignition Module
When burning, it emits gases that increase in volume and push the piston. This element is connected via a connecting rod to the crankshaft, which by inertia goes to the second revolution, thereby continuing the process again without the participation of external forces. When the saw starts, the engine begins to unwind the drive sprocket.
A saw blade, in turn, is attached to it, and the chain driven by an asterisk starts to “walk” in the grooves of the tire. The chain is lubricated automatically when driving. at the end of work, turning off the chainsaw, you can notice that a certain amount of lubricating oil flows out of it. This is unused oil remaining in the grooves.
Engine, fuel tank and oil tanks
The size and capacity of the engine directly affect the power of the saw itself, the larger it is, the more energy is released for the movement of the piston. The volume also indicates how much fuel the saw produces in a given time. It should be borne in mind that if the engine size does not match the power of the saw, this reduces its service life due to inefficiency of use.
The volume of the tank for the fuel mixture is from 0.3 to 1 liter. Accordingly, the oil tank is 1.5-2 times smaller. Such a difference in volumes helps to use the fuel mixture and oil at almost the same speed (about 30-50 minutes) at full load on the tool.
In household class saws, the engine capacity reaches 40 cc, which is 1.5-2 hours without refueling. Semi-professional saws capable of working for 8 hours have an engine capacity of up to 60 cc, and professional saws up to 121 cc. High-volume models are additionally equipped with start-up facilitators.
Power
The larger the engine capacity, the more powerful the saw, and, therefore, more productive. The speed and intensity of the cut depend on the power. This indicator is measured in “horsepower” or in kW (1hp = 0.735 kW). Depending on the power, the saws are divided into classes and applications. Up to 2 kW. domestic From 0.74 to 2.94 kW. semi-professional
From 2.94 to 5.15-6 kW. professional
Chainsaws with high power require additional physical effort during operation and knowledge of safe use techniques, since it is quite difficult to operate such a tool. The power of the equipment may be reduced due to the natural wear of the components, the use of poor-quality fuel mixture and improperly selected saw set.
Weight
Nominally, the weight of the saw is the sum of the weight of the engine and the body with handles. Knowing the weight, you can also get an idea of the functional equipment: Household saws weigh an average of 2 to 5 kg.
They do not need a lot of power and the main requirement for them is the convenience and simplicity of performing periodic small work (harvesting firewood, cutting branches). Semi-professional saws weigh slightly more. 5-7 kg, which indicates a higher power, and, accordingly, widening of the front works.
Since this type of saw is often used as delimbers, lightweight tires are provided in the design.
As for professional saws, the weight of the most powerful of them can reach 11 kg.
In fact, the master, when using a chainsaw, experiences the load not only of these elements, but also of the weight of the saw headset, completely filled tanks for fuel and oil. Therefore, if a small mass is an important criterion, it is worth giving preference to household and one-handed saws. they are easier than others.
This parameter becomes decisive when choosing a tool for crowning. cutting the upper branches and the entire crown of the tree. A heavy chainsaw in this case is not only ineffective, but also dangerous. low maneuverability, and the mass and vibration of a powerful engine will quickly lead to fatigue of the master, it is difficult to keep it on weight and it is completely impossible to do it with one hand.
Therefore, for this type of work and recommend a specialized, lightweight tool.
It should also be borne in mind that people who are contraindicated in intense physical exertion are not recommended to use chainsaws whose weight exceeds 5 kg.
To work with a professional tool, you need good physical preparation, because for such saws, for safety reasons, belt fastening is not provided because of the great risk in case of unforeseen complications in the work (tree fall, for example). The operator must have time to release the tool, and not to be released from it.
A gear emphasis facilitates management on professional saws. It is located on the case next to the saw bar, therefore, when this element rests on the tree trunk, the saw is easier to hold. it is no longer on its weight.
Tire length
The tire is one of the main parts of the saw apparatus. It is a support for the chain and a channel for its lubrication (due to the movement of the chain shanks in the grooves during operation).
An important characteristic of a tire is its length. It is she who determines the maximum thickness of the barrel that the tool can saw. The longer the tire, the greater the depth of cut.
As a rule, all manufacturers in the characteristics of the saw indicate the maximum tire length. If the tire is installed on a compact saw more than permissible, then due to a lack of power, moving the chain along it will be an additional load for the engine.
So the entire saw set will wear out much faster and increase fuel consumption. Chainsaws with short and standard (30-40 cm) tires are more common in the household class, and for professionals, lengths from 45 cm to 1 meter are possible.
It should also be borne in mind that with an increase in the length of the tire, the recoil force increases with the resistance of the material.
The saw chain is part of the saw apparatus. Consists of riveted links (teeth). Its parameters are chain pitch, profile height, thickness of the leading link and depth of cut. The main step among them is the chain pitch. this is the distance between three consecutive rivets on a chain divided by 2.
Chains are divided into five groups, depending on the step size:
14 inches (6.35 mm)
Rarely used miniature chains. They are mounted on low power one-handed saws.
0.325 in. (8.25 mm) and 38 in. (9.3 mm)
With this step, low-profile chains go. than 80% of the saws produced worldwide are equipped with similar chains. Also, they are the safest for inexperienced users due to the low probability of a return shock and low vibration during operation.
0.404 inches (10.26 mm) and 34 inches (19.05 mm)
This step is distinguished by a chain with increased productivity, which has large links. These chains are used on harvester equipment and powerful felling saws. A big step, due to this, and a larger layer, removed in one pass, but, accordingly, the resistance of the processed material is also greater.
The presence of anti-vibration system
First of all, the use of such a system is necessary on professional models of chainsaws, as prolonged work with a powerful vibrating tool adversely affects the joints and can lead to serious consequences.
Its simplest form is a set of rubber gaskets located between the handles and the body. However, such an anti-vibration system is practically not used in modern chainsaws. As a rule, the principle of “two masses” is implemented: the engine block is separated from the block of arms and the fuel tank.
The dependence of the impacts of the chain elements on the material: less step. less removable layer in one pass, respectively, and the resistance of wood is also less. As a result, the level of vibration naturally decreases.
In the absence of a normal anti-vibration system in the instrument, several years of work with it can lead to sad consequences, ranging from circulatory disorders in the hands and ending with more serious diseases.
However, some household chainsaws do not have an anti-vibration system.
Its absence is explained, firstly, by the short duration of the use of tools, and secondly, by the fact that they do not develop high power and chains on them with a smaller step.
Cutting speed
When purchasing a chainsaw, buyers often ask about the speed of sawing wood with a specific instance of a chain saw (for example, whether it is necessary to “press” the entire tool when working). We answer: first of all, it depends on the state of the saw headset and, in particular, the chain.
When working with a blunt chain, not only will there be low sawing efficiency, but also the likelihood of a saw failing, as the load on the engine increases. Therefore, with professional use it is recommended to regularly “correct” the chain (for example, at the end of the working day).
In addition, the shape of the cutting tooth and the chain pitch make a significant contribution to productivity.
But there is no doubt that by informing us of such indicators, the manufacturer thereby assumes responsibility for the level of equipment operation. And, knowing the cutting speed, you can expect that your chainsaw is capable of this without threatening its integrity.
Air filter installation
The meaning of the presence of an air filter in chainsaws is that it keeps dust, sawdust and other small particles from getting into the engine and chassis.
The protection system in this case is two-part: the impeller mounted on the motor shaft will become the first barrier, and the air filter itself, kapron or felt, will be the next. This element retains most contaminants and is easy to clean or replace during maintenance.
It can also be impregnated with special oils that increase the capture coefficient of microparticles and prevent their "cementation".
Chain brake
This function is a direct necessity, proceeding from the features of the operation of the chainsaw: in case of a “reverse impact” or accidental break of the chain, irreparable harm may be caused to the operator.
Therefore, the best solution in this case is to stop the circuit. It occurs through a mechanism that is activated by the chainsaw shield.
If the saw’s hand rests against it, then through the lever the force is transmitted to the brake and the chain is blocked. This can happen automatically.
Ignition chainsaw. Device, circuits, faults
The chainsaw ignition system is a whole complex of elements with which a spark appears when the engine starts. It is needed in order to set fire to fuel and bring the engine into a state of full-fledged long-term operation.
The main element of the ignition system is the spark plug, which must be ignited whenever the engine is in the right cycle.
And although the system is reliable and thoughtful, sometimes it needs to be repaired, so the user needs to know how his chainsaw is arranged, and also what he can do to repair its ignition system.
How is the ignition of a chainsaw
The ignition system of modern chainsaws
Magneto Stihl MS 180
Previously, the ignition systems were rather unreliable, but now they are being improved. So, in their control system there are elements that regulate the momentum depending on what speed of the saw. Due to this, the engine works more efficiently, which increases the overall efficiency of the tool. In addition, such elements are important because it is easier to start the saw with them.
An equally important fact is the reliability of modern systems. If earlier the ignition failed very often, now all its components are so durable and of high quality that they rarely need to be repaired.
So, the modern chainsaw ignition system is a flywheel magneto, a spark plug, a wire and a button to turn off the ignition. Distinguish between contact and non-contact magnetos.
The device of the first is quite simple: permanent magnets (installed in the flywheel rim), ignition coil, capacitor and chopper. The coil, in turn, includes the core, as well as the primary and secondary windings of the transformer.
Another important element is the spark plug. Its design is as follows: central and side electrodes, insulator, external casing.
The chopper and the primary winding of the coil are connected in series. The breaker is switched off due to the presence of a cam on the crankshaft. The primary winding is connected in series not only with the breaker, but also with the shutdown button. Magneto is mounted in the crankcase on the left, secured by a base on two studs and nuts.
Using the handwheel magnets, a magnetic field crosses the coil. Due to this, if the contacts in the primary winding are closed, a weak current is generated.
Accordingly, when the contacts are open, there is no magnetic field and an EMF is induced in the secondary winding. Due to this, a high voltage current is generated, which is supplied to the candle and gives a spark for igniting the fuel.
At this point, the piston is almost near top dead center (4 mm below it).
Ural-Electron 2 T and Druzhba chainsaw ignition device
Engines of Ural-Electron 2 T or Druzhba chainsaws, as well as Taiga-214-Electron chainsaws have a slightly different ignition system. So, there are used
electronic magneto contactless type. That is, they do not have a contact mechanical chopper.
What does it mean? Induced current is generated by a high voltage transformer. At the same time, its primary winding has a series connection with the thyristor through a charging winding, a capacitor diode, and also a control winding. Due to such a complex system, current flows through the thyristor only when a certain electric potential comes to it.
As soon as the thyristor is open, the capacitor is discharged to ground. When a current with a large pulse passes through the primary winding, the secondary creates a large inductive voltage, which causes a spark in the candle. That is, due to the thyristor and the control winding, the contactless chopper operates, which has high reliability, since it has no wearing parts.
Ural chainsaw ignition scheme
Ural chainsaw ignition circuit (MB-1)
Ignition diagram of the Friendship chainsaw
Chainsaw ignition diagram Friendship
Main malfunctions of the chainsaw ignition system
Having roughly understood how the ignition system of chainsaws of Chinese or domestic production works, you can already figure out what problems there may be with this mechanism and how to eliminate them.
Spark plug
Most often, a breakdown occurs due to a spark plug. It is worth checking if the insulator is damaged or the electrode is worn out. Check the entire candle for integrity and the absence of defects. this is the integrity of the wires from the coil, and the presence of insulating material, etc.
High voltage wire
Next, check the spark plug wires. Often they can lie in such a way that there are many bends. In those places, the wire may be damaged, while at the same time it looks perfect. Next, inspect the spark plug cap. It should not have a brown coating.
If there is one, this means that the spark does not fire in the right place, but in all parts near the ceramic insulator. The cap may also have damage. cracks, chips. The check must be carried out carefully, because due to a damaged insulation layer, it is possible to get an electric shock.
On / off button
A frequent failure of the ignition system is a malfunction of the toggle switch. To test it, disconnect the wires from the module and check the saw’s performance. If there is a spark, it’s the switch.
Problems with the ignition modules (coils) of chain saws
Husqvarna chainsaw ignition coil
The switch and the ignition module, which regulates its operation, can often fail. The coil may also be faulty. If all the elements of the ignition system are working and there is no spark, the module and coil are suspected.
And the problem of the malfunction of these elements is that you can not repair the module or fix part of the coil. they need to be replaced. Of course, if possible, it is better to put the module from some old saw and understand whether it is in it.
After all, you can simply make a mistake at some stage and suspect what actually works.
Do not trust all kinds of testers. they often show false information about the health of the ignition system. Only diagnostics with another module or coil will be reliable.
If the electronic module is bad, there is such a sign: as soon as the chainsaw heats up, a very weak spark is supplied. Also, after refueling, the unit may not start. This is due to the fact that the coil or module is very hot, their resistance increases, so the spark weakens.
If there are breakdowns in the ignition system, but there is no experience in repairing them, do not try to repair everything yourself. Elementary things, such as checking the integrity of a candle or wires, can be carried out at home, but more complicated diagnostics, and even more so the replacement of units, must be carried out by professionals. And then you can be sure of the quality of the work performed.
Chainsaw ignition video
Video about the chainsaw ignition device. What components it consists of, for which this or that is necessary.
The next video talks about how to replace the ignition on a modern chainsaw. This video tutorial is suitable for almost all chainsaws. Of course, there may be nuances, but the general meaning is the same.
Chainsaw ignition system. its design and adjustment
This part of gasoline saws includes a number of interconnected parts through which sparking occurs at the time of starting the engine. Their main purpose is to ignite the combustible mixture so that the engine can enter the operating mode.
Despite the thoroughness of this part of modern chainsaws, it periodically also needs not only repair, but also the correct adjustment. And what you need to know for this, and will be discussed in this article.
Ignition system device
This part of the gas tool has the following typical structure:
- magneto;
- power cable;
- spark plug;
- shutdown key.
In turn, magneto also happens:
- contact;
- non-contact.
Their common elements are:
- magnets placed in the rim;
- ignition coil, consisting of a core and transformer windings;
- candle.
The last element is considered one of the most important, since it is by the appearance of the spark plug that in most cases it is possible to make a visual diagnosis of the entire ignition system of gasoline units.
Sparking is not an easy process. First, it is necessary that a magnetic field is created in the coil itself, which is possible thanks to 2 magnets. When the primary contacts are closed, a slight electrical impulse begins to occur. Accordingly, when they are open, there is neither a magnetic field nor an electromotive force of the secondary winding.
In this case, an electric current with a high voltage is formed and a candle is supplied, which gives the same spark that ignites a combustible liquid.
Usually at this moment the piston is localized near the dead point, or rather. 0.4 cm below its position. It is worth noting that the contact ignition, which was installed on chainsaws in the early 90s.
and that has come to us together with used equipment at the modern technical stage has already outlived itself.
Therefore, in the current modifications, which are presented to us by leading manufacturers, non-contact electronic ignition is installed, which is much easier to regulate and maintain.
How to set the ignition on a chainsaw yourself?
This is one of the central issues of concern to all owners of chainsaws, regardless of their power class and the brand that produced it.
Indeed, even if the tool had factory settings that were set strictly according to the rules in accordance with the operating instructions, then in the process they still cannot be avoided.
The reason for this is vibration, intense loads acting on all saw systems and the ignition as well.
It is necessary to look into the ignition coil as soon as possible if:
- the unit does not start after several consecutive attempts;
- functioning occurs intermittently, which are noticeable not only at idle, but also under load;
- the tool does not give out its power at full strength.
If at least one of these points occurs in the operation of the device, then re-installation of the ignition on the chainsaw is required.
This means that you just need to reconfigure it, which can be done with your own hands, without resorting to the help of repair shops and service centers.
Adjust the ignition: where to start?
If at one point a chainsaw suddenly does not start and this is not the only such case, then adjusting the ignition of the chainsaw will be more than ever by the way. It must be produced in the following sequence:
- Examine the candle for a malfunction. Effective candles are always dry.
- Having found that the candle is quite wet, you should turn your attention to the carburetor, whose malfunctions can lead to the filling of the candle part and prevent sparking. The presence of a darkish plaque is a signal that there are problems in the cylinder-piston elements of the motor.
- If the previous check item did not give visible results, the next step is to check if there is a spark. To do this, it is necessary to slide the cable coming from the candle to the cylinder. At the time of a small gap between these parts, a spark is necessarily allocated.
- If there is no spark, we proceed to the voltage test. Its absence can only mean one thing. the integrity of the wire is broken.
- If the high-voltage cable is working, you should double-check the ignition angle, because non-observance of it can cause the spark to either “hurry”, appearing too early, or “delay” without having time to ignite the fuel.
After all, all the leading experts emphasize that the adjusted clearance between the flywheel and the ignition coil is the basis for the timely formation of a spark, and as a result, trouble-free starting of the engine and uninterrupted operation. - Another option that must be taken into account by checking and correcting all the previous points is the candle itself, which could wear out and require replacement with a new one. A benign spark from a new working candle looks like a lightning. If it is dull, it is worthwhile to study in detail the quality of the spark.
To do this, the high-voltage wire is connected directly to the candle. Next, jerkily start the starter. Based on the results of observations, we can conclude whether to change the candle or not.
Timely diagnosis is one of the chances of saving parts
As practice shows, the problem is easier to eliminate at the stage of its development than when the equipment has already completely refused to work. For this, it is necessary to inspect all parts and assemblies on time, and not only visual. Its worthy replacement is the hardware method, popular recently.
Testers were able to combine different instruments for measuring voltage, resistance and current strength.
But before you check the ignition coil of a chainsaw with a multimeter, you should read the instructions for the chainsaw in detail to have the initial information regarding its normal technical parameters, with which the values obtained on the tester will be compared.
The verification sequence is as follows:
- Check the primary winding (zero resistance means problems with the coil, and “∞” means a wire break);
- The secondary winding is examined by connecting the scanner to a high-voltage wire and a contact with a “” sign.
As you can see, although the ignition system is considered one of the most capricious in any gasoline powered vehicle, everyone can figure it out.
The installation on new chainsaws of electric chips that regulate this process without human intervention, avoids many points. However, they are practically unrepairable, like ignition on older models.
How to Test Magneto On a Chainsaw
Chainsaw ignition adjustment
A separate class of chain saws uses gasoline engines as an aggregate. They are certainly equipped with an ignition system, which is responsible for the timely ignition of the air-fuel consistency in the cylinders by means of an electronic discharge, breaking through the space between the spark plug electrodes. The correct operation of the motor depends on the moment at which the spark appears.
The device and principle of operation of the ignition system of a chainsaw
The standard carburetor engine ignition system consists of:
- magneto;
- spark plugs;
- an electric cable connecting them to each other;
- motor shutdown buttons.
Ural chainsaw ignition scheme
Magneto is a type of alternator that supplies spark plugs with electricity. A simple way to check if with a working magneto on magneto (this is already someone like.
It consists of a fixed winding of an inductor and a permanent magnet mounted on a flywheel that rotates with the crankshaft of a gasoline engine.
A moving magnetic field creates an electromotive force in the low-voltage winding, which is transformed by the transformer into voltage with a potential sufficient to produce a spark.
For contact magnetos, the first output of the high-voltage winding is connected to the spark plug, and the second through the mechanical switch to ground. At a certain moment, a special structural element makes contacts, which leads to a sharp increase in the voltage in the network and the passage of sparks in the interelectrode space of the candle.
To prevent overheating and oxidation of the breaker contacts, a capacitor is connected to the electrical circuit.
The ignition circuit of a chainsaw with a contactless magneto is based on the operation of the control coil, which plays the role of a voltage supply regulator. How to remove magneto on a chainsaw friendship is an electron, it’s worth a metal disk I don’t know how to remove it to get to magneto. how to properly adjust the carburetor on a husqvarna chainsaw.
The electronic unit also includes a diode, capacitor and thyristor, which transmits current with a voltage of a certain value. When it opens, the capacitor is intensively discharged, forming a current in the turns of the primary winding, which is inducted into a high voltage voltage, which gives a breakdown on the spark plug installed in the cylinder.
The electric network operates in a pulsed mode to the beat with the rotation of the crankshaft and the translational movement of the cylinders.
Chainsaw ignition (magneto, flywheel)
Chainsaw Parts. Chainsaw Ignition Coil (magneto No. 160).
How to check the ignition coil on a chainsaw
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Ignition timing
The mechanical device and the factory setting of magneto ensure that the spark discharge time coincides with the good position of the moving piston.
For four-stroke gasoline engines, spark penetration should occur even before the piston arrives at top dead center. this is because the process of complete ignition of the air-fuel mixture takes a certain time.
The speed of movement of the engine parts is comparable to the speed of ignition of the fuel, because the piston has time to go a certain way from the moment the spark passes through to the moment the extremely high pressure is created by the flaming gases.
For each motor there is an ignition timing. How to remove the rotor of a magneto flywheel on a lawn mower.
It is equal to the rotation of the crank, expressed in degrees, from the moment of breakdown in the interelectrode space of the spark plug to the moment when the piston is at top dead center.
Forte fgs 45-45 video how to remove magneto from chainsaw ignition how to put zazhiganie on the. This indicator depends on many characteristics, including the design features of the engine and the characteristics of the fuel consistency.
In practice, in the mass production of the motor at the factory, the individual ignition control of each product is not done, and proper marks are set on the rotating parts, which must be combined during installation.
When is the ignition setting required? There are the main symptoms of a system malfunction:
- the engine does not start;
- the motor works, but with prominent interruptions;
- there is a decrease in tool power.
In these cases, do not rush to contact the service center. Try to adjust the ignition first without the help of others.
The procedure for checking and tuning the correct operation of the engine
A more vulnerable element of the carburetor motor is the candle. It also allows you to judge the possible causes of malfunction of individual units of the gasoline engine. How to check the technical but it’s easier to change the magneto to a new one or give it in. The following procedure is recommended.
- Remove the candle and inspect it. A dry candle with a light brown color of the electrodes can be considered good.
Soot on a spark plug
Chainsaw ignition coil
During installation of a new electrical module on the engine, the magneto clearance should be adjusted.. The optimum distance between the flywheel and the ignition coil for most chainsaws is 0.2-0.4 mm.
The gap between the magneto and the flywheel
For fidelity, it is recommended to carefully study the documentation for the purchased model and follow the manufacturer’s requirements.
With such a small gap, it will not be possible to use an available measuring tool for direct measurement. In practice, a template is used for the Husqvarna saw in the form of a gasket cut from a thin and flexible sheet material of the required thickness. It is clamped in the space between the flywheel and the coil when it is installed, and then pulled out.
To avoid having to resort to adjusting the ignition, operate the tool carefully, avoiding impacts. In particular, this applies to chainsaws with electronic chips in the ignition system, as they are very sensitive to mechanical damage.