What steel is used to make a circular saw
If you need to saw hardwood, it is advisable to use wood saw blades with so-called carbide tips. If you plan to work with soft species, it is recommended to use saw blades for wood with a small number of carbide tips. Thanks to their use the cut has a neat look. Alloy tool steel Marks: 05H12N6D2MFSGT ;11H4V2MFS3S2 ; 11HF ;12H1 ; 13H ;3H2MNF ; 4HMNF ;4HS ; 5HV2SF ;5HNV ; 5HNVS ;6H3MFS ; 6H4M2FS ;6H6V3MFS ; 7ХF ;8Х4V2MFS2 ; 8Х6NFT ;8ХF ; 9Г2F ; 9Х1 ; 9Х5VF ; 9ХVG ; 9ХS ; 9ХF ; 9ХFM ; V2F ; X ;XV4 ; XV4F ; XVG ; XVSG ; XVSGF;
How to choose a circular saw blade? Where and how to sharpen a circular saw blade?
Circular saw blade is a universal tool that works with a variety of materials. from wood to plastic and sandwich panels. However, that the cut was straight and smooth without jagged edges, requires a well-chosen circular saw blade. Note that there is no universal disc that is suitable for the materials, because each product solves its own problems. Already today, do not save money by buying products of an unknown brand. it is dangerous at first.
Types of circular saw blades
What remains for our customer saw blades are divided into two types:
- Solid ones are created from solid metal and are characterized by sharply sharpened teeth. They are popular because of their affordable cost, their recoverability, in other words, their resharpenability. On the other hand, one-piece products wear out more quickly.
- Carbide discs for manual circular saws are more reliable and durable, because they have sharpened cobalt or tungsten carbide tips on the teeth. With the use of carbide materials products are more durable and reliable, however, if the discs become blunt, it will be difficult to return them.
Circular saw or simply circular saw can be one unit with the machine or mobile. attached to any working surfaces. The latter type is more common today because it is cheaper and more compact. Not only wood, but also plastic and even metal can be placed under the saw. Only for this purpose it is necessary to install a special disk. “Komsomolskaya Pravda” tells about the best circular saws 2022, which are available for sale.
Top 10 rating by KP
Makita HS7601 (from 7300)
A popular brand of power tools has in its arsenal a range of circular saws. This is the most popular model, optimal in terms of performance. power, weight, And now let’s return to our heroine. You can connect a vacuum cleaner to it, so you can clearly see the line for the trimmer cut. The graphite brushes, which are used for safety work, are easily accessible. The back of the motor is flat. It makes it easier to change the blade.
If you buy an adapter, you can install a guide bar. Cutting angle is adjustable from 0 to 45 degrees. It is recommended to take boards no thicker than 5 cm. The “fatter” tool will pull, but will fail sooner. That’s more than enough for normal household use.
Features:
Saw cuts materials up to 63 mm deep. With a powerful 1600 watt motor. The standard diameter of the discs is 19 centimeters. Cutting angle can be adjusted. There are locks against accidental start and spindle. the tool shaft, so you can quickly change the disc. The base platform is made of aluminum alloy. You can put a pad on it to work with the bar.
Has a nozzle for a vacuum cleaner. There are two handles on the circular saw. Tilt angle is adjustable from 0 to 45 degrees. There are handy levers in the design for this. Those who bought the model write that the replacement of the native disk will help make the device perfect. It’s not bad, but other fully the tool will open with the sharpest counterparts.
Features:
The German manufacturer’s equipment is always a bit more expensive than competitors in its segment. But there are enough buyers. they pay for the quality. It has a comparatively light weight, and the power and speed are comparable to a large tool. The cutting depth in our rating of the best circular saws of 2022 is a record. 70 millimeters. But note that this is at a 90 degree angle. At 45 degrees the depth is reduced to 5 cm.
In the case built in a fan that blows shavings, but if it is not enough, it is possible to connect a vacuum cleaner. The handle is rubber coated for a pleasant touch. Parallel stop is included as standard. The spindle is lockable, for quick disc changes yourself. If you put a circular saw for metal, then some sheet of aluminum it will not notice as well as a board. Customers note that this model does not produce unnecessary noise unlike competitors. the engine and disk buzz, nothing else.
Features:
If you do not feel sorry for the money, look closely at this “American”. True, it is still assembled in China. The firm makes professional tools, but this one is primarily for hobbyist use. But the motor is powerful enough. There are two handles, so you can hold the saw comfortably with both hands. Suitable for straight and oblique cuts. The maximum degree of inclination is 48. Angle is adjusted by special clamps on a scale with degrees. No additional tools needed.
It has its own blower system for debris removal. On a circular saw there is already a ruler with a stop, so that the disk went in a straight line. Some kits have a disc for working in wood with nails. This is useful, for example, if you’re going to saw an old parquet. There are also variations with a case, but they are more expensive. The only thing is that this tool has non-standard disks. not 19 cm, but 184 mm. But frankly speaking, if you take the 16 millimeter hole, everything will fit.
Features:
Russian manufacturer, but tool is made in China. For such a power it is a very good price. Can work wood up to 6.5 cm thick. Gearbox is enclosed in steel casing for protection and good cooling. There is a nozzle for the vacuum cleaner, but the standard fan is in place. There is a big handy handle on the housing. There is a thumbwheel, by setting in the right position that adjusts the angle of cut. It is convenient that it is not divided into any sections, so you are free to choose the angle within a limited radius.
Design includes metal cover, which overlaps the blade to protect the operator. Like all the best circular saws, the soleplate is made of steel. The shaft is lockable and you can change the disc yourself. But why, if everything is so great, we did not put this model somewhere higher in the rating of the best? The fact that it is an amateurish tool with all the attendant disadvantages. Saws are slightly sideways in the process and the cut is beveled. Not critical. up to one millimeter. Plus, the protection system is not very well thought out in the sense that it sometimes gets in the way of the operator.
Features:
Another budget model from China, although nominally the company is German. The blade of this model works well on wood and plastic. Cutting depth of up to 64 millimeters at right angles. If you reduce the radius by half, it drops to 40 millimeters, which is also enough for domestic needs. The manufacturer gives a good five-year warranty on the tool, which means you can not worry that this is some kind of mass-produced. It includes spare carbon brushes and a simple parallel guide.
When buying it, please note that it seriously dusts, and there is no no nozzle for a vacuum cleaner. That is why it is necessary to wear goggles, a mask and it is better to work in the open air. The handles are rubberized, the ergonomics are good: all the buttons are in their place. But as usual the inexpensive equipment has its drawbacks: while working the cutting angle flies off by a couple of degrees, the screws get unscrewed every now and then from vibrations on the body. If you are planning to take it to the workshop where they will relentlessly saw for months on end, there is a high probability that the body will crack under the load.
Pros and cons of carbide discs for metal
I want to note right away that carbide discs have lots of advantages compared to abrasive discs, but the price of the equipment and the discs themselves holds back their popularity. Let’s talk about everything one at a time!
- Cutting precision. In order to maintain precision when cutting metal workpieces, a carbide blade on a pendulum saw is one of the best options for the job.
- Speed of operation. You will be surprised by how fast the carbide blade will cut.
- Great blade life. On average, a disc has a service life of 5000 cuts. In comparison with an abrasive disk, it is timeless.
- No harmful emissions. When working with abrasive, a cloud of small particles appears in the working area, which negatively affects human health.
- Metal does not heat up. After you cut the workpiece, you can safely take hold of it, it will be cold. The main advantage is that without exposure to temperatures, the properties of the metal do not change.
- Price. The cost of a carbide disk is ten times higher than an abrasive disk. In a home environment, such a disc would not pay for itself if used infrequently.
- Loss of metal. Since the disk is thicker than an abrasive disk, it is worth considering that the cutting line for the trimmer will be thick.
- Afraid of rusting. If you want to saw rusty metal, remember that it will wear out the disk faster.
Summing up all above we can say that carbide discs are more professional tools. They have fewer disadvantages than competitors, but the price makes them unaffordable for domestic use.
Why it is important not to make a wrong choice
Before you start processing any material, it is important to know what kind of electric saws there are and competently choose a suitable disc.
The following aspects must be taken into consideration:
It is not a good idea to take the first circular saw blade you have found and take it home to put it in the saw. It is necessary to pay attention to the marking: the speed and dimensions should be indicated. The pictograms show for which materials the circular saw blade is intended. There must also be information about the cutting direction.
Why it is important not to make a wrong choice
Before you start working on any material, it is important to know what kind of electric saws there are and choose the right disc competently.
It is necessary to take into account the following aspects:
It is not a good idea to grab the first wood circular saw blade you come across and take it home to put it in the saw, you should first carefully study the information on the packaging. Make sure to pay attention to the marking: speed and dimensions must be specified. According to the pictograms shown, you can understand what material the wheel is designed to work with. There should also be information about the cutting direction.
Handheld with a guide bar
The home handyman does not often have to saw deeply and “long”, but the manual circular saw is a useful thing in its own right. Also, a manual circular saw with a guide rail can cut wood both crosswise and lengthwise and at any angle. And a cutting length of up to 1.5 to 2 m is quite sufficient for almost all finish work and creative work.
There are enough laths for manual circular saws on sale, and they cost inexpensively, but there is no universal one. The construction principle of a band saw is illustrated in Fig.saw’s base plate (shoe) is manufactured with a longitudinal groove, and the guide bar is stamped with the respective longitudinal groove and the guide bar with an auxiliary groove. with the ridge (shown by the arrow in the picture).).
Use of hand held circular saw with guide rail
It is convenient to work: you only need to press the tool from above, and it will not go sideways or sideways. And in the course of competition it is also convenient: we make our saws so that they do not sit on the guides of “partners”.
Uncomfortable for craftsmen. you can not find a cheaper guide bar. And a circular saw with keyway under the guide is disproportionately expensive compared to the same, but with a smooth shoe. Amateurs do the opposite: a guide bar with a groove of laminated plywood, and a pair of bosses attached to the shoe (pos. 2b in the big picture. in the beginning). But for this, firstly, you need a router table for wood, which must be made (not easy) or bought (at a high cost). Secondly, the already small depth of cut is reduced by 16-20 mm. Thirdly, if the tool is still under warranty, drilling holes in the shoe burns out the warranty. Fourthly, if the saw is for rent, nothing can be reworked in it.
There is another way, but the tool will need to be held in 3 planes at work: pressed, against sideways movement and against rotation. The plywood base of the rail can be thinner in this case, 6-8 mm. The guide bar proper will be a straight bar (or a piece of steel fillet, etc.) fixed to it.п.), see Catalogue 33. trail. fig.:
How to make a guide for a manual circular saw
“Adjustment” of the device is reduced to the fact that the circular saw simply cuts off the excess from the base. Such guide is fastened to a board / sheet of material with screw clamps, as well as a proprietary guide. when working on the workbench, spacers are put under the base plate, slightly thicker than the material, so that the depth of cut is suitably reduced. decreases.
Features of crosscut saw structure and operation
Trimming saw for cutting metal products is made as a portable tool and has small overall dimensions and weight. Such construction of the device is very successful and allows to use it in the conditions of construction sites.
Due to its structure, mitre saw can cut metal products at different angles. They can be in both vertical and horizontal planes.
Diagram of a crosscutting machine
The principles of selection
Choosing a power tool that will meet all the wishes, it is difficult even for an experienced builder. When buying, it is important to consider many criteria. power, equipment, etc. д.
Criteria
- motor power;
- The maximum number of rotations;
- Permissible cutting depth;
- disc diameter;
- possibility of angle adjustment;
- the presence of the working sole;
- RPM regulation;
- spindle lock;
- smooth start.
Power
- Simple devices. Power. from 0,8 to 1,2 kW.
- Intermediate equipment. Power. 1.2 to 1.8 kW.
- Powerful power tools for the construction industry. Power. more than 2 kW.
Max rotational speed
This parameter depends on the electric motor power. The slower the cutting speed, the worse the quality of the cut. Small rotations produce a large number of burrs, irregularities. At high RPM the cuts are smooth, but at high RPM many materials overheat, which leads to melting of the cut edges.
Creation of a cut (
Cutting depth
A simple, inexpensive saw can cut workpieces up to 45mm thick. Professional tool is used to cut metal parts up to 85 mm thick.
Disc diameters
Maximum diameter depending on tool capacity. Saw blades with diameter up to 160 mm are suitable for small power saws, and up to 350 mm for industrial equipment.
Tilt angle adjustment
Cheap tools do not have this feature. To enlarge your range of applications for power tools, it is best to choose models with a variable cutting angle.
Working sole
This parameter refers to the base material. Plastic tools rapidly deteriorate under high loads. For the tool to be reliable, durable, it is better to choose devices with a metal sole.
Speed regulation
The speed regulator allows you to change the blade speed so that you can cut various materials like metals, alloys, wood and plastics without damaging the blade.
Cutting wood (
Spindle lockout
Important function to protect you from possible personal injury if the disc jams, damages the tool. Spindle lock is active in most circular saws.
Starting
It is better to choose devices with soft start. To protect the electrical equipment against voltage fluctuations. If the saw does not have this feature, it is recommended that it be connected to a separate tee to avoid damaging other equipment.
Advantages and disadvantages
- Durability, reliability if the rules of operation are followed;
- good performance;
- making precise cuts;
- A high level of safety in the presence of the protective hood.
If you need to perform different technological operations, it is better to buy two saws at once. manual, stationary.
No serious drawbacks with this type of power tool. You may encounter problems if you choose a cheap tool of low quality.
Marking
As you can see in the picture, the marking of the disk can tell you about many technical properties. But there is a correlation that should not be disregarded: tooth shape has a direct influence on the ability to work with a certain material.
The systemization developed by GASS brand representatives divides discs into subsequent categories according to the shape of the teeth:
GK and GS: alternately sloped. Suitable for all types of wood and “clean” chipboard, without plywood and plastic coatings.
GM: straight. Capable only of cutting soft wood.
GT: trapezoidal. Needed in cases where fiberboard or laminated chipboard need to be cut.
GR: tapered. Cutting double-laminated multilayer boards.
GA: trapezoidal and straight. Same capabilities as GT.
Consider cross-section
has its own size, if and equipment for it should be chosen taking into account this parameter. The cross section of the blade is important because if the cross sections are different it can cause losses. the cutting depth depends on the blade outer diameter. Specialists say that the depth of cut above the workpiece can be small: here, the kerf will be better, the heat will be reduced, and the load on the engine will be small. It is very important that the disc is firmly fixed on the dowel pin.
Saw just like any other tool needs timely caring. The most important point is sharpening circular saw blades. Specialists note that the carbide tooth is worn on the main upper surface, but if powerful workpieces are sawn, the side edges will soon wear out, too. You should not allow excessive blunting of saw blade, because it will be the least productive, and it is not possible to sharpen discs.
Sharpening properly means keeping the cutting edge sharp at the same time. If you sharpen them on one frontal plane, the number of sharpening will be less. Many owners of similar tools wonder how to sharpen circular saw blade. It makes depending on the material of the teeth. Sharpening in most cases is made on a wheel of elbor, as it is also called greenish carbide, otherwise on the basis of diamond circles. Elboron wheels are especially suitable for sharpening HSS saws, diamond wheels for hard alloys. To sharpen the sharpness was sharp, but had less impact on the degree of wear, it is worth to choose a diamond wheel with a larger grit.
Machines are also used for sharpening, which have different functions. The most complex and expensive models have automatic sharpening methods. When sharpening the teeth: if it is not done correctly, then at the time of sawing will appear smell of burning, extraneous noise, and the material itself will move jerkily, which is not too comfortable.
Completely for the same condition of the discs should be watched continuously, because their wear will affect the high load on the mechanisms and at some point lead to its complete wear. Constant sharpening certainly extends the life of your equipment, improves the performance and reduces the time required for the sawing process. If the cut after sharpening is not smooth, and the material moves unevenly, it means that more than attention should be paid to the arrangement of the teeth.
Consider the cross section
has its own size, if and tooling for it should be chosen taking into account this parameter. The cross size of the blade is important because if the cross size is different it can cause losses. So, the cutting depth depends on the outer cross-section. gurus say that the depth of cut above the workpiece can be small: here the kerf will be better, the heat will be reduced, and the load on the engine will be small. It is important that the blade is firmly seated in the dowel pin.
Saw just like any other tool needs to be serviced and maintained in time. The most critical moment. sharpening of circular saw blades. Specialists note that the carbide tooth will wear on the main upper plane, but if powerful workpieces are sawn, the side edges will rapidly wear out, too. unnecessary blunting of saw should not be allowed, because it will be the least productive, and not the fact that it is possible to sharpen the blade.
Sharpening properly means ensuring sharpness of cutting edge at the same time. If you sharpen them on one frontal plane, then the number of sharpenings will be less. Many owners of similar tools wonder how to sharpen circular saw blades. This depends on the tooth material. Sharpening in most cases is made on a wheel of elbor as it is also called greenish carbide on the other basis of diamond discs. Elboron wheels are especially suitable for sharpening high-speed steel saws, diamond. for hard alloys. To make sharpening sharp, but less influence on degree of wear it is worth to choose diamond discs with higher grit size.
Machines are used for sharpening, which have different functionality. The most complex and expensive methods of automatic sharpening. During sharpening the teeth should be adjusted: if it is not done correctly, then at the time of sawing the smell of burning, side noise will appear, and the material itself will move with jerks, which is not too comfortable.
But for the condition of the discs should be watched continuously, because their wear affects the high load on the mechanisms and at some point leads to its complete depreciation. Constant sharpening certainly extends the life of the equipment, improves performance and reduces the time of the sawing process. If after sharpening the cut is sloppy and the material moves unevenly, it means that more than attention should be paid to the arrangement of the teeth.
Important features
That the readers are not lost in the wilds of the modern market of accessories for circular saws, we have prepared 5 main criteria that will help to condition the choice. Let’s analyze them in order of importance.
READ Handmade Wood Circular Saw Knife
Disc thickness
Standard parameter is 3,2 mm. The thinner the blade, the hotter it gets, and the faster it breaks down. Greater thickness guarantees long tooling life, but slows down. Material overrun caused by wide kerf.
Wood circular saws
A circular blade circular saw is a rotating cutting tool with an abundance of cutting teeth around the perimeter, which is designed to mechanically cut wood and wood-based materials.
Circular saw is made of alloyed tool steel, with heat treatment, alignment, calibration, setting and sharpening.
heat treatment: Disk saws are hardened up to 44-48 HRc for body thickness up to 3 mm and 42-46 HRc for body thickness over 3 mm.
- Leveling: When leveling a circular saw, differences from the flatness of the surface are eliminated, t.е. so that the axial (axial) run-out of the circular saw is not exceeded:
- values of 0,2 mm for circular saws up to 200 mm
- values of 0,4 mm for circular saws up to 500 mm cross-section
- values of 0.6 mm for circular saws with a cross section of up to 800 mm
- values of 0,8 mm for circular saws with a cross section of more than 800 mm
the runout of the circular saw changes when clamped in the vicinity of the clamping hole, paying attention to the quality of the clamping flanges, which should be at least 5x√D cross-section of the saw.
calibration: By suitable correction of the preparatory load the stiffness of circular saws increases, thus increasing the feed and thereby improving the cutting accuracy and the quality of the cut surface. Circular saw blades are calibrated in production for cutting speeds of 60 m/s for the smallest thickness and 80 m/s for the thickest circular saw blades. Proper speeds at which saw
calibrated, indicated on the circular saw.
setting: The amount of setting (one side) is usually about 1/4 of the blade body thickness. Only the top third of the tooth is diluted. The pattern should be symmetrical, otherwise disc-shaped saw
begins to tilt toward the larger set. The setting is always made before sharpening, after sharpening it is only checked and corrected if necessary. If very little setting is used, the circular saw overheats, loses its strength and runs to the side. Where too large setting results in losses due to very wide cutting, higher energy input and an unevenness of the cut surface. For soft wood we choose a larger crown than for hard wood. We choose a larger setting for longitudinal cutting than for cross cutting. For wet wood, we choose a larger set than for dry wood. For frozen wood, we choose the smallest setting than for unfrozen wood. If the condition of the machine is not good, select a huge wiring.
The most common causes of short sharpening:
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Setting up a circular machine for precision work
Clearly, not every home repair shop has micrometers and clock gauges. Learn to do without high-precision measuring instruments.
Check belt and pulleys
First check if the belt pulleys are aligned by holding the ruler against them. If this is not possible due to the design of the drive, close one eye and assess the accuracy of the alignment visually. To fix the problem loosen the locking bolt and move the pulley.
Check belt tension by pressing the middle of the belt with your finger. Allowable deflection at medium force, max. 6 mm. Loosen the suspension bolts to tension the belt.
Turn back the adjusting screw by the required number of turns and secure the motor mount.
Adjusting the saw blade tilt
First check that the saw insert is flush with the table surface by putting a straight edge or straight edge drawing on top of it.
Correct the position of the insert with the adjusting screws. If not, put washers or shims on it. Lower the insert by sharpening some of the material on the underside.
After the adjustment, check the flatness with a square at several places.
Raise the saw blade fully, turn the tilt adjustment knob all the way to the stop and set the angle at 90° and check with a straight edge.
Set exact perpendicular position with Allen key through the hole in the table.
Turn the handwheel in the opposite direction to the extreme position and make sure the stop is set at exactly 45°. Adjust the position of the saw blade if necessary.
After adjusting the tilt stops, check the tilt scale and correct the indicator by loosening the screw.
Check the stops on the saw table
Cuts on the circular saw will be perfect when the saw blade is parallel to the cross-cutting stop and the longitudinal stop. Otherwise burns, non-rectangularity and rough edges of the workpieces are unavoidable.
Check the parallelism of the groove and the saw blade with a simple fixture consisting of a flat cutoff with a screw screw screwed in at the stop. Position the improvised feeler gauge until it touches the tooth of the blade and secure it with a clamp. Then move the fixture along the groove to the far edge of the blade. keeping the screw tight indicates that the parts of the machine are strictly parallel.
Four screws on the corners of the body are used to change the table position on carpentry type circular saws. In domestic models, parallelism is usually adjusted by shifting the motor, which requires unscrewing the nuts at the bottom of the machine.
Advice. You can try to correct excessively free movement of the angle stop along the groove by making holes on the side edges with a punch. Doesn’t help. you will have to buy a new one or make a self-made one, at least for an accurate right angle saw.
After you have finished with the table, check the lengthwise stop by inserting a bar firmly into the groove on both sides.
Perform the necessary actions to adjust the stop according to the saw’s manual and adjust its scale.
Electric jigsaw
The jigsaw is of electric hand tools category and is suitable for sawing most different materials including of course metal (bar and plate type). Electric hand jigsaw is designed in the form of a solid body mounted on a flat platform and equipped with a convenient handle for operation.
The main internal filling of the tool is the motor, as well as the mechanism, which has the function of converting the rotational motion of the shaft. In addition to manual jigsaw models, there are stationary models. These models have a platform at the top, and of course there is no handle, as the machine is always stationary.
Limited thickness of the sheet material is one of the main disadvantages of metal cutting with an electric jigsaw. By the way, the video of the electric jigsaw in practice, by the way, you can see on our website. However, such equipment is characterized by ease of operation, accessibility, productivity. These qualities are enough for customers to consider the jigsaw as one of the best tools for metalwork.
Another important advantage of such equipment is the absence of the phenomenon called “backfire”. When cutting metal with gas-oxygen technology, this is not so rare. Backlash poses a great danger to the user. Fortunately, using mechanical methods of metal cutting, you can not worry about the state of your health at all.
Provided, of course, that you work very carefully with the saw, because a beginner, even with an excellently operated tool, can do himself harm.