How to improve a tiller with your own hands: revision and modernization
How modernization is done, alteration of a tiller, tuning and other modifications with your own hands. How to remake a tiller, what the converted heavy tillers look like. What kind of rework kit is needed
External tuning of the unit
Structurally, light, medium and heavy tillers practically do not differ. They consist of a power plant, chassis and controls. The operator resembles an ancient plowman, holding the machine handles with both hands. However, it is not protected from sunlight, rain, snow and heat from the engine. There is no need to spend additional funds to create additional comfort. Everything you need is at hand. External retrofitting of the tiller involves the installation of a removable or permanent awning, an additional protective casing or a hood over the power plant.
For work you will need:
- Roulette;
- Building level;
- Angle Grinder;
- Welding machine;
- Electric drill;
- Set of wrenches;
- Steel or aluminum corner 30 x 30 mm;
- Paint brush;
- Acrylic paint;
- Tarpaulin or cellular polycarbonate;
- Flexible plastic.
External revision of the tiller is carried out in the following sequence:
- Drawing up drawings. It is necessary to accurately calculate all dimensions of the frame, provide options for its attachment to the frame and handles.
- Marking, cutting out blanks for awning, casing, fenders and hood.
- Welding the frame from the corner. Drilling mounting holes, cleaning metal from rust, oil and dirt. Painting of the manufactured structure.
- Fitting the frame to the frame. Basting and making holes in it. Fastening the frame with bolts and nuts, checking the reliability of all connections.
- Installation of plastic covers and awnings on frames.
There is an option for mounting the instrument panel on the handle. So the unit will look solid and presentable. The operator additionally gets the opportunity to monitor the state of the power plant, know the speed of the machine and the distance traveled. When reworking the tiller from the outside, it is necessary to pay attention to the fact that the air freely penetrates to the motor, cooling it qualitatively.
Manufacturing of additional devices
Tillers are sold assembled and with a minimum set. The plow and cutter are clearly not enough to carry out the entire volume of agricultural work. The factory kit for reworking the tiller can cost more than the unit itself. You can make various attachments and attachments from scrap materials using the tools that are in every storage room of a country house and summer cottage.
It is worth considering some options for making additional equipment with your own hands:
- Redesigned rake to collect cut grass, debris, twigs and fallen leaves. If you do this work manually, then it will take a lot of time and effort. Trailed equipment will allow you to clean large areas in a matter of minutes. For work, you will need a wide strip of sheet iron and several meters of reinforcement with a cross section of 8-12 mm. The armature must be cut into 10 cm long pieces and welded to the plate in several rows and at intervals of 3-4 cm. Long rods are welded to the plate to attach to the tiller frame. The trailed rake can be equipped with rollers for improved maneuverability and smooth running.
- Blade for cleaning snow. Most units work much more efficiently in the cold as they do not overheat. Snow removal can be mechanized in winter. The moldboard is made of two pieces of channel welded together. This makes it possible to obtain a grasping height of up to 40 cm. The blade width is selected according to the power and weight of the unit in the range of 40-80 cm. The blade is rigidly bolted to the front of the machine. Initially, it can be mobile or stationary.
With a creative approach, you can make a hiller, harrows and a potato digger that are not inferior in quality to factory counterparts.
How to improve a tiller with your own hands: revision and modernization
Often, alteration of a tiller is carried out in cases where the operational characteristics of the unit, functionality and ease of operation cease to satisfy the owner of the equipment. In some cases, individual craftsmen carry out tuning of the tiller to realize their visual fantasies or to impress others. Today, almost every private house and summer cottage has a tiller or a motor-cultivator. However, the capabilities of this technique are limited. To expand the functionality of the tillers, you can contact a specialized workshop, but the cost of such a conversion can be very high. There are several ways to do it yourself inexpensively and practically.
What are the minimum and maximum tiller speeds and how do you adjust them?
Today, tillers are perhaps the most common type of mini-equipment for agricultural purposes. It happens that users of some models no longer satisfy the speed and performance of the unit. It is quite expensive to acquire a new model. In this case, you can try to upgrade your device.
Tiller is a kind of mini-tractor, sharpened for various agricultural operations on relatively small areas of soil.
Its purpose is to perform arable work on small and medium-sized land plots, cultivate the land using a harrow, cultivator, cutter. Also, motoblock devices can process planting of potatoes and beets, mow grass, transport goods (when using a trailer).
There are gasoline and diesel varieties of motoblock devices. For the most part, diesel units are more powerful than their gasoline counterparts. In the price category, gasoline-powered devices win – they are cheaper. But the choice largely depends on the size of the land plot and the frequency of using this technique, because diesel is more affordable than gasoline.
Motoblock devices come in two- and four-wheel configurations. Not all devices have a reverse-reverse function.
Fastest models
First, let’s find out which tillers are considered the fastest? Are there any advantages for domestic producers or does the palm unconditionally belong to foreign competitors?
By the way, it is rather difficult to determine the unconditional winner in terms of maximum speed, because not only are there simply a great many models of tillers from different manufacturers today, and independent modernization of this multifunctional agricultural unit is possible.
Tillers MTZ-05, MTZ-12 4 speeds are provided when moving forward and 2 – backward. The minimum speeds correspond to the first gear, when shifting to the next speed increases. For the aforementioned models, the minimum forward speed is 2.15 km / h, while the reverse is 2.5 km / h; the maximum with the forward movement is 9.6 km / h, with the rear – 4.46 km / h.
Tiller’s "Mobile-K G85 D CH395" / Grillo the maximum speed of forward movement is 11 km / h, reverse – 3 km / h. In this case, the gearbox provides the ability to switch between three forward and two reverse speeds. Keep in mind that all of these metrics are true for unimproved models.
"Mobile-K Ghepard CH395" – Russian-made tiller, has a 41 gearbox, can accelerate to 12 km / h.
Ukrainian tiller "Motor Sich MB-6D" can reach a speed of 16 km / h, the transmission is six-speed (42).
Unit "Centaur MB 1081D" Russian, but produced in Chinese factories. It is considered the fastest tiller in the heavy class. The maximum speed of its movement is as much as 25 km / h! Refers to diesel tillers, unlike the models listed above – they run on gasoline.
How do I adjust the speed?
Sometimes it turns out that you want to change the speed of movement of your walk-behind tractor: increase or, which happens quite rarely, decrease it.
To increase the speed of movement of motoblock units, one of the following two methods is usually used:
- Replacement of wheels with large ones;
- Replacement of a pair of gears of the reducer.
The typical wheel diameter of almost all tillers is 570 mm. Most often, when replacing, tires are selected with a diameter that is approximately 1.25 times larger than this, – 704 mm. Although the difference in size is relatively small (only 13.4 cm), the speed of movement increases significantly. Of course, if the design allows for larger tires, you can try increasing the speed gain.
The gear pair installed in the wheel reducer usually consists of two gears with 12 teeth for a small one and 61 for a large one. You can change this indicator by 18 and 55, respectively (only for specialists in agricultural equipment service centers), then the speed gain will be approximately 1.7 times. Do not try to carry out the operation to replace the gears yourself: it is very important here to select not only high-quality parts with minimal errors, but also the appropriate pulley. The gearbox shaft retaining plate also plays an important role.
A possible solution to increasing the speed is to adjust the throttle switch: when the device turns on, move it from the first position to the second. To reduce the speed of movement, return to the starting position. Of course, to change the speed downwards, you do not need special reducers – it is enough not to switch to high gears.
Also, possible solutions to the problem of increasing the tiller speed are replacing the motor with a more powerful one and upgrading or installing a clutch system (in some outdated models it is not provided).
It can help to increase the speed (especially on uneven terrain or heavy soils, where slippage of the equipment is frequent due to insufficient weight of the unit) and the installation of weights. They can be made with your own hands from metal parts. Weighting structures are installed on the tiller frame and wheels. For the frame, you will need metal corners, from which a self-made removable structure is formed, that is, you can easily remove it if there is no need. Additional ballast weights are attached to this detachable additional frame. Wheels need steel discs and solid iron blanks with a hexagon-shaped cross section. These parts are welded and inserted into the hubs. For reliable fixation, cotter pins are used, which are installed in specially prepared holes.
Of course, if there are no round steel elements at hand, you can replace them with almost any material at hand: reinforced concrete products or even flattened round plastic flasks, inside which sand is poured.
To accelerate the tiller with a cart in bad weather conditions – snow, slush, soil soggy from heavy rains – you can put tracks (if the design allows). This method requires the installation of an additional wheelset and the purchase of rubber tracks of a rather large width. On the inner side of the tracked track, limiters are attached to securely fix the rubber and prevent it from jumping off the wheel pair.
Also, for this purpose, you can replace the native gearbox with a similar device with a low gear – to facilitate overcoming obstacles.
If you take good care of the unit, follow all the recommendations for operating the device, carry out regular preventive maintenance, then the tiller will give out its maximum capabilities in terms of speed and performance.
To adjust the speed of the tiller tiller, see below.
How to decrease tiller speed
To solve certain tasks (plowing virgin lands and heavy soils), some models of tillers may be too fast, in which case it is necessary to reduce the speed.
Without resorting to changes to the equipment itself, you can use the crawler gear, which is present on many models. This option allows you to reduce speed without reducing power, allowing you to work the soil more thoroughly.
To reduce the speed, you can reduce the diameter of the wheels or replace the gear pair in the wheel reducer by changing the gears. Gears of different sizes are usually installed, with 61 and 12 teeth, in order to reduce the speed, it is necessary to replace them so that the number of teeth on the larger sprocket increases.
What is the speed of the tiller
Tiller speed depends on several parameters:
- Tiller class
- Engine type
- Availability of attachments
- Type of gearbox
- Wheel size
- Terrain where the tiller works
As a rule, the tiller class is associated with the type of engine, light models are equipped with gasoline engines with a capacity of up to 5 HP, medium ones – with gasoline engines of 6-12 HP, heavy ones – with diesel engines with a capacity of 12 HP or more. Diesel engines are more powerful, so equipment with such engines will have a higher speed.
Among budget models of middle class tillers, the type of gearbox is 2 forward, 1 reverse, more expensive models have 6 forward and 3 reverse gears. The more gears, the higher the speed is available.
Wheel size matters: the larger the wheel diameter, the faster the equipment moves.
Attachments such as plows, mowers can reduce speed. A tiller with a trailer will also have a lower speed, although it is possible to accurately calculate the speed with a cart only when taking into account the speed and weight of the tiller itself, as well as the weight and type of cart. Usually the speed of a trailer with a trailer does not exceed 10 km / h.
The more difficult the terrain, the more the speed decreases. For plowing on virgin soil, it is recommended to use weighting materials that ensure passability and help maintain speed. However, it should be remembered that plowing heavy land at high speed is not recommended, as the quality of land cultivation decreases.
How to increase tiller speed
There are two ways to increase the tiller speed:
- Installation of large wheels;
- Replacement of the gear pair.
Let us first consider how changing wheels helps to increase the speed of the cultivator. The standard wheel size of almost all mini-unit models is 57 cm. When replacing, you can install tires 1.2 times larger in diameter. Usually wheels of 70.4 cm are used. Despite the small difference, the speed of the tiller increases markedly. If the arches into which the tires are inserted will allow you to insert wheels with a large diameter, then you can try adding centimeters.
Let’s consider how to increase the speed on the tiller in the second way. Like any technique, the cultivator has several speeds, which are controlled by gears. Usually cultivators move at a speed of 2 to 15 km / h, with 61 teeth on the large gear, and 12. To increase the speed, the gear pairs of the reducer are replaced. We increase the number of teeth, thus achieving the maximum speed of the tiller.
It is recommended that the replacement be carried out by professionals and preferably in specialized centers, since parts turned with a minimum error will affect the operation of the motor. Not only the replacement of the gear is important, but also the correct selection of the pulley.