What is the right drill or drill

How to correctly drill or drill. The drill is a compact and lightweight design, the main parts of which are:

Associations for the word drill

• Gold told me about how in the upper reaches of the Sanda Waku River in winter he caught two sables, which he traded from the Chinese for a blanket, axe, kettle and kettle, and with the remaining money bought a Chinese drill, from which he sewed himself a new tent.

Drill and, ж. Tech. A mechanism for rotating drills and other tools that work the holes. Hand drill. Pneumatic drill. (Small Academic Dictionary, MAS)

Drill type by application

Depending on what set of functions the drill has, there are these main types of tools:

All of these modifications decently differ from each other, including the price, so when buying is so important to be aware of the purpose of using the tool.

Standard drill

This is a drill without any frills. It has no hammer function, so it can only be used to drill into wood, drywall, metal, and other non-hard surfaces. This tool is suitable for making minor repairs in the cottage, barn, wooden house. Regular drills without a hammer function can be cordless or mains powered.

Impact drill

Impact drill will be needed for those who are going to drill holes in concrete, brick, stone and other hard materials. It is cheaper than the simple torch, but has some limitations. Continuous work with dense materials such a drill will not withstand. it will break quickly. Also, frequent drilling in concrete and stone can compromise the accuracy of normal drilling. If you are going to work regularly with dense materials, it is better to take a peorator.

An impact drill acquires the ability to penetrate hard materials through a special design. Not only is the drill rotationally imparted during operation, but also percussively. While in the rotary drill, the impact is ensured by a complex electromechanical or electropneumatic unit, the drill achieves the impact due to the presence of two ratchets. One is located inside the drill, the other is attached to the chuck. When the two parts are connected, chuck and drill bit move axially and progressively, thus achieving a chisel or hammer function. If necessary, the impact function can be disabled, the ratchets are unlocked, and the drill works in normal mode. Some models do not, however, have a disabling feature. so choose carefully.

A drill with a hammer function is more expensive than a regular drill, but cheaper than a torch. Plus, it is also lighter than a torch, so it can be called a versatile household tool. In selecting a impact drill, pay attention to the power of the tool. For the impact function to be good, it needs to be at least 800 Watts. Also pay attention to the reverse rotation function and the presence of a safety clutch.

Electric screwdriver drill

An electric screwdriver makes sense if you also need a tool for tightening/unscrewing screws, self-tapping screws and nails. In electric screwdriver mode, such a drill has a low speed and high torque, in drill mode. on the contrary. Call it a fully universal device, because this drill is not suitable for drilling in concrete and brick.

Mixing drill

The mixer drill differs from the usual universal drill by the presence of special attachments in the kit, which allow you to conveniently mix liquid and semi-liquid compositions. The tool design usually includes special handles for a comfortable grip during mixing. The mixer drill is suitable for mixing putties, glues, paints and other construction mortars of up to 10 liters and allows for more thorough mixing than in the manual process.

Angle drill

As the name suggests, this tool is designed for drilling holes in the most hard-to-reach and narrow places, where you can’t reach with a regular drill. The design of the device is distinguished by the presence of an angular gear and the location of the rotating shaft perpendicular to the body. Such drills, as a rule, have low power and there is no impact function to speak of.

Angle drill. a very specific tool, so it is better to take a regular model and, if necessary, use a special attachment. it is cheaper and in most cases more reasonable.

The drill. Types and construction. Application and operation. How to choose

Electric drill is a sought-after construction and installation tool that performs drilling work. This is not the end of the range of application. Thanks to the mass of attachments, the tool can perform a whole range of functions, from stirring construction mixtures, polishing and ending with sharpening drills.

The principle of the drill is that the electric motor transmits torque through a gearbox to the chuck, which fixes the drill. Thanks to the use of a speed-reducing mechanism, the drill rotates a little slower than the motor itself, but with increased force, so it does not stop when resisted.

The drill is a fairly simple tool that has an uncomplicated design. Nevertheless, there are several varieties, which differ in the structure of the gearbox and have different uses.

Each of these tools has advantages and disadvantages. All of them are suitable for drilling work, but have different additional functions. When choosing a tool, you need to decide for what tasks it will be used, which will facilitate further operation.

The basic drill is very compact and lightweight. It can be used for drilling in wood, plastic and metal. It ensures the creation of a neat hole. They often have variable speed capabilities, which can be useful for special materials where overheating is undesirable. Almost all conventional drill models have a receiver. When it is switched, the direction of the chuck’s rotation is reversed. This makes it possible to twist the drill bit out of the way if it should get stuck.

Impact drills have a slightly modified gearbox, in which two gears are added. As a result of the rotation of the motor not only provides the transfer of speed to the chuck, but also its sharp reciprocating motion. That gives the drilling a chisel-like effect. It is needed when working with stone, concrete and bricks. Impact drills make it possible to drill into walls, while a conventional drill cannot do this.

Impact drills have two modes of operation. The first one has the simple chuck rotation, as in the usual design, and the second one involves additional gears that provide reciprocating motion. At first sight, the percussion design seems to be the same as the torch, but it is not. The peorator uses a pneumatic mechanism, which is more reliable and efficient, making it faster to punch holes.

The mixer drill has a larger gearbox. It has considerable power, but low speed. This tool is heavier than the first two varieties and works slower. Despite this, it can drill quite well in metal, plastic and wood. The advantage of the mixer design is the high tractive power of the gearbox. With a special paddle attachment in the chuck, you can perform mixing of construction mixtures, such as concrete, adhesive or plaster.

The screwdriver can be used for drilling like a conventional drill, and it can also be used for screwing and unscrewing. It has a wide variable speed range. It is also equipped with a special ratchet. Its task is to cut off the rotational transmission to the chuck at a certain force, the force of which is set by means of an adjustment scale. This is to prevent tearing off the threads in the screw landing hole.

The following features should be taken into account when choosing a tool.

As for the power of the electric motor, for an ordinary drill, 500 watts is quite enough. Weaker tools are only suitable for woodworking. When drilling metal, they cannot resist friction and the drill stops. Optimal power for an impact tool is 700 W or more. For a mixer-type drill, you need to choose from 800-1000 watts. As for screwdrivers, it is best to look at tools with a power of 450 watts or more.

Number of revolutions per minute

The number of revolutions per minute plays an important role, as this figure indicates the drilling speed and the power of the gearbox. Good conventional and impact drills have a RPM of 3000 or more per minute. For mixers, this figure should be around 600 rpm. When choosing an electric screwdriver, it is better to look for tools with a mode switch for drilling and screwing. The optimal speed on the first switch position should be in the range of 400 revolutions, and on the second 1500 or higher. If switching is not possible, it is worth stopping at 700 rpm.

The weight of the drill should be comfortable for operation. If it will be operated constantly, the lighter design is better. It will reduce the load on the hands. If the drill will be used occasionally, you can take a heavier, but affordable model. Instruments within the range of 1.2-1.7 kg are considered normal. For mixers, the figure is much higher and amounts to 2.7-3 kg.

Presence of additional adjustments

When choosing a tool, special attention must be paid to the availability of additional adjustments. The possibility of changing the speed of rotation is desirable. For this purpose a special regulator can be provided in the design, which changes the parameters of the electric power supply of the motor. There is also a switch for changing gear settings. It is not uncommon for drills to have both modes of adjustment. Another important point is the presence of a receiver, for changing the direction of rotation of the electric motor.

The tools can be equipped with two types of chucks. key-operated or quick-action chucks. The first one clamps the drill with a special wrench. This design is very reliable, because it ensures a firm grip. The quick-action chuck works without a wrench. It only needs to be clamped and unclamped by hand strength. When working with it, you can quickly change drills and do not need to look for a wrench, but the spinning of the drill when deepening into a hard material is not uncommon.

You also need to pay attention to the power source of the drill. It can be mains or battery powered. Corded models are cheaper, but they need to look for a socket and use an extension cord. Cordless tools have no such disadvantages, but still, if you forget to charge them, you will not be able to drill even one hole. It should be noted that when selecting a self-contained tool, it is worth paying attention to the type of battery. It must have no “memory effect.”. This will allow recharging even if the battery is not yet completely dead.

drill I

Tech. mechanism for turning the drill bit and drilling small holes Exactly one hour later, the courier came again with a new present from my father: it was a jigsaw, with saws, a drill bit and a thin alder board. М. А. Osorgin, “The Times,” 1942. (quotation from NKRNYa) Well, if you want, take this square, ask for a drill in the booth and drill where the holes are marked. А. П. Gaidar, “The Drummer’s Destiny”, 1938. (quotation from the NationalKRYa) Bought at a comparable price vices, hammers, chisels, drills, and other miscellaneous things, needed to an extreme degree by a craftsman. П. Ф. Nilin, “Famous Pavlyuk”, 1937. (quotation from NKRN)

Techn. the same as an electric drill The drill smelled like a burned-out winding, but to rewind it is a mere trifle. Anatoly Azolsky, “Shovel,” 1998. // The New World (cited in NKRN)

Adjusting the angular speed of an electric drill

The drill can be adjusted in two ways: electronically or mechanically. Both methods can be used simultaneously. A mechanical change in the speed of a drill is accomplished by changing the gear ratio. gearbox with two ratios, in other words two speeds, or more rarely with a bigger ratio. When the speed is reduced, the torque increases, the output power is almost unchanged.

A drill with electronic speed adjustment performs this adjustment through a rheostat, which is actuated by the force of the drill starter button. the deeper the button is pushed in, the higher the rotation speed. Often the drill has a small knob on the button to set the maximum speed limit by turning it. When reducing the speed electronically, the output power is reduced. Nowadays, engineers, when developing drills, switched to thyristor control of power, because rheostat control has its own disadvantage. High heat generation during the drilling process.

To maintain the torque is sometimes used electronic circuits, which significantly increase the cost of the product, so they are rarely used.

Adjustment of angular speed is used to reduce speed when tightening and loosening screws, self-tapping screws, bolts, as well as at the beginning of drilling (piercing), in the process of drilling fusible materials, when drilling holes of large diameter.

Tool Classification

When choosing a drill, in addition to the above parameters, it is necessary to consider the intensity and frequency of its use, without going to extremes. The purchase of an expensive professional model designed for several hours of daily operation is not rational. The equipment will be idle for most of its life. If you buy a simple model and start earning on the repair of premises, very quickly such a product will have to be replaced by a new one.

The market offers several tool options for home use. The most simple and inexpensive are considered electric drills. Low weight and dimensions, ease of operation, minimum power consumption are considered the main advantages of such equipment.

For owners of apartments and private houses built of concrete slabs, bricks and other durable materials, the purchase of a peorator will be a rational investment. Large power and dimensions, availability of the impact function makes the tool an indispensable helper when drilling holes in walls. An intermediate option. the purchase of an impact drill. With this technique is quite easy to work, and in terms of functionality it is only slightly inferior to peorator.

According to the generally accepted classification, drills are divided into the following types:

• Standard drills, the most common and popular.
• Angular models that can be used to work in hard-to-reach places.
• Mixer-type equipment, capable not only of drilling, but also of working with a variety of nozzles for mixing materials.
• Compact and light screwdrivers, with AC power or cordless models.
• Peorators equipped with a special reducer, and similar in design percussion mechanisms.

The above variants are considered basic for use in the home. Specialized models can be purchased as needed, such as pneumatic device, magnetic or electro-erosion equipment, equipment for drilling holes in circuit boards. Such equipment is not used for domestic needs, and its purchase is justified if a person is engaged in similar work in the home.

Tool characteristics

A drill is an electrical device that can be used to do different types of work: drilling holes in materials such as wood, bricks, concrete, metal, etc.п., and mixing dry mixes and mortars with water. Electric device perfectly copes also with such a function as screwing self-tapping screws and screws.

The popularity of this unit is quite high, so every craftsman has 2-3 types of drills, which are divided into two groups:

Household devices are used only for work around the house: drilling holes for interior design, as well as screwing screws. An important feature of household machines is that they are not designed for continuous operation and have relatively low power.

Professional drills are used for renovation and construction work. The industry produces professional units with different power ranges. Professional tools are designed for continuous operation, so high loads do not negatively affect the working mechanisms. If a professional unit can be used both in the home and during construction and repair work, then a household device is only suitable for home use and no more.

How these two groups of tools differ, we will consider later, but for now let’s find out what kinds of drills exist.

Using the drill

The drill can be used to make holes in building materials that do not have high hardness. Concrete structures succumb with difficulty. Drills wear out quickly, especially after drilling hard materials. Using the tool for other purposes can lead to failure of the chuck. Repairing the drill is comparable to the cost of a new device.

By changing only the attachments, the drill is suitable for the following types of work:

• Drilling holes in various construction materials. The hammer function can be disabled if necessary;
• Stirring construction mixtures and paints, i.e. the drill is used as a mixer;
• To screw or unscrew various fasteners with the percussion function disabled;
• Making holes in concrete with pobedite drills and using a hammer mechanism;
• Deburring and surface grinding using grinding wheels or brushes as attachments;
• Making big holes, using core drill bits.

When buying this electrical equipment, its percussion function is not the main selection criterion, because it will not be possible to achieve significant results in this case. The drill is not suitable for drilling holes by punching. This power tool is designed for short-duration work in percussion mode. All technical indicators of the drill point to the other purpose of the device listed above.

Expert advice: Before you buy a tool, you should decide which model you want. The choice of electrical equipment depends on how much work you want to do and how often you will use the drill. The device with power up to 500 W is enough for household needs, but if you want to do construction works, give preference to the professional instrument.

What power tool to give preference to?

Rhetorical question. There is no such thing as a universal tool. precisely, there are such examples, but no more than to formally fill the consumer niche. The quality of work leaves much to be desired. That’s why it’s a smart choice: each type of work. your tool.

If you’re drilling holes in common materials like metal, wood or plastic. your choice is a regular drill. The machine is compact, inexpensive and not exhausting to operate. It is not difficult to choose power (and therefore size).

If you need to occasionally drill holes in brick walls, buy a hammer drill. The electric tool is a bit more expensive, but gives a certain versatility. Chisel-drill mode is useful only when needed, otherwise you are working with a precise drill and soft material.

At the same time the compact size and low power consumption, allows you to use the cordless version of the drill. Cordless drill is more like an electric screwdriver, but we will talk about this in another article. The battery-powered version is not available for a large (even in the most low-powered version) torch.

If you started the repair in the house, or construction of the garage, you can’t do without the lever-hammer, and this article will help you to choose it. Especially if you need a classic jackhammer. No need to put a regular drill or impact drill in the closet. When finishing you can’t do without a compact and lightweight power tool.