According to the structure of the working body, there are:
On the frame, it can be fixed rigidly, pivotally or spring-loaded, and also, based on the type of product, be positioned in a “checkerboard” or parallel.
Harrow types
Disc harrow
To the frame are attached at an angle (the so-called “angle of attack”) discs (slightly curved for greater efficiency) with a smooth or recessed edge. The angle is set depending on the complexity of the work and the condition of the soil. Sometimes a working tool with needles is used. an ideal method of dealing with stubble. Disks of one parallel make up a “battery”, and for their greater depth into the soil, special spring mechanisms or weighting materials are used.
Rules for harrowing with a walk-behind tractor
Each case of using such a multifaceted agricultural technique is quite individual, but there are a number of general recommendations that should be followed to improve the quality of the result and facilitate the process:
- Before starting work, it is advised to do a test run, checking whether there is enough effort for effective work (if necessary, increase the pressure in the system or change the gear), whether the depth of entry, the degree of grinding at the exit is sufficient, whether the angle of attack is sufficient.
- When working with a harrow, especially if it is home-made, it is important to monitor the angle of the working body, both to the frame and in relation to the work surface. If it is strictly vertical, and the system does not have enough effort to fully pull out the roots, it will simply start dragging the ground in front of it, clogging itself with clods and plant debris.
- It is very convenient to place working tools at different angles in different rows of the product to meet the variable situation with land plots, even in the same field. Then, to obtain the best result, it will be possible to simply swap the rows during operation, or, if such an opportunity is not provided, loosen or tighten the fasteners where necessary.
- If it was noticed that the teeth, grooves of discs or rotor blades are clogged. the working tool is removed to the surface and thoroughly cleaned.
- It is important to ensure that in order to increase the efficiency of processing and there is no need for repeated passes of non-yielding areas, each working tool “guided” its own furrow, and their complex as a whole was evenly distributed over the frame and had the same depth compared to its neighbors.
- The depth of the passage can be adjusted by increasing the weight of the motoblock body weights.
The rest of the nuances, as a rule, are comprehended only by practice, when each operator chooses a form of work that is convenient for himself.
How to make a harrow for a walk-behind tractor with your own hands? Requirements and the process itself
It is obligatory to equip the front side with a hook (it can also be a banal beam with a hole, which is inserted into the towbar tube with a “finger” fixation). After final assembly, a movable chain should be welded between the hook and the frame.
To make the harrow for a uniaxial tractor durable, it is better to weld the grate from strong corners or square pipes with a metal thickness greater than 3 mm. It can be decorated with a cage with transverse and longitudinal elements. When assembling the product, it is necessary to ensure that each segment of this grating has a 45 degree inclination to the straight line along which the uniaxial tractor moves to reduce bending loads. It should also be taken into account that the entire frame must fit within the limits of the technique handles. In size, it is optimal to make it a maximum of one meter, as shown in the drawing. they will pull more, perhaps, full-fledged tractors.
Then you should prepare teeth 10-20cm long. In their role, reinforcing steel 1.0-1.8 cm in diameter has proven itself well. It is important to adhere to the rule here: the longer, the thicker. The teeth are additionally hardened and sharpened before welding them to the grid. There they must be placed 10 cm apart (more frequent placement is ineffective). It is good to shift them in a checkerboard pattern to increase the intensity of processing.
In no case should the chain be welded at the initial stages of installation, since if the center of application of force is incorrectly calculated, the harrow will be pulled to the sides, and everything will have to be redone. You can learn more about an example of making a harrow for a uniaxial tractor in the video.
Harrowing with a walk-behind tractor 2020. Acacia rotary-tooth harrow.
DIY harrow for walk-behind tractor
After plowing, the soil needs high-quality loosening, which allows achieving the final destruction of weeds, leveling the surface, reducing moisture loss, oxygenation occurs for better cultivation of agricultural plants. This process is called harrowing, and the tool with which it is performed is a harrow. It can be manual, but for large areas and high soil hardness, it is recommended to use harrows for a walk-behind tractor.
Depending on their type, they can belong both to the class of attachments and installed directly instead of the basic parts of the unit. To understand how to competently purchase them or make your own, and then use them, you should familiarize yourself with the generally accepted classification.
Tooth harrow
The most elementary, but not losing efficiency with proper use and the correct choice of the shape of the tooth. He can be:
- knife-like;
- square;
- round;
- ellipsoidal.
The second and fourth types are common in heavy motor vehicles, round can be used on medium and light cultivators, and knife-like ones. even with manual harrowing.
What are the functions of the inventory?
The tasks of the harrow are quite extensive. over, every year its design becomes more and more perfect, which allows it to be used for various purposes. Nowadays, the product is designed to solve the following tasks:
- Saving the soil from drying out;
- Leveling the surface of the site;
- Effective weed removal;
- Destruction of the upper layer of the earth.
Tools of this type have found their application before sowing, when it is required to break up frozen pieces of soil and level the ground. Also, the harrow for the walk-behind tractor is used immediately after harvesting to prepare the site for wintering.
Rotary harrow. functions and design
A rotary harrow for a walk-behind tractor, or, as it is also called, a rotary design, is in demand due to its ability to quickly and efficiently remove the topsoil. Depending on the goal, the equipment can be buried into the ground by 5–8 cm. When choosing such a product, one should start from the size of the site. In most cases, farmers buy a structure 140 cm wide.
When buying such equipment, you should pay attention to the position of the teeth. They must be welded at an angle and have oblique blades. Such a device will work effectively for many years.
The essence and purpose of the disc harrow
The use of such equipment is very much like processing with structures of the previous type. The main difference lies in the design, which uses discs mounted on separate axles.
The disc-type power harrow is often used on dry soil. As practice shows, with frequent operation on wet ground, the device breaks down very quickly.
Applications for tine harrows
The first type of product is used when the farmer seeks to obtain loose, even soil. The teeth are evenly spaced throughout the structure, and can be of different shapes and sizes. Most equipment owners perform harrowing with a walk-behind tractor with equipment equipped with square teeth, although sometimes equipment with round or knife teeth is also used.
You can fix such a harrow to the walk-behind tractor by connecting it to the frame. For this, hinges or a spring strut are used. Often, farmers use a harrow for a walk-behind tractor. which is fixed by means of oscillating or rotating frames. Rotary harrows are used quite actively on the farm. They are quite reliable and perform a wide range of functions.
Types of equipment and their description
There are several types of inventory. The most common designs include:
- Tooth harrow;
- Rotary harrow;
- Disc harrow.
Each of these types has found its application in different situations. Below we will consider the features of each type of harrow for a walk-behind tractor.
Harrow for walk-behind tractor. types, functions and self-production
To expand the functionality of walk-behind tractors, their owners equip their equipment with attachments.
Features of making a structure with your own hands
Before making a harrow, you need to prepare materials and equipment. You will also need to make rough drawings. They indicate the dimensions of the structure, based on the parameters of the walk-behind tractor.
If the technique is not very powerful, then you should not make too large a device.
Disc harrow. design features
Disc harrows for a walk-behind tractor can be light and heavy. The first option is used to work in tandem with walk-behind tractors weighing up to 100 kg, while heavy structures are suitable for use in tandem with equipment weighing up to 200 kg.
Disc harrows are used to solve the following tasks:
- destruction of the crust formed as a result of frost;
- stubble plowing;
- effective loosening of soddy layers;
- processing of pastures and meadows;
- removal of large weeds.
The working body of the disc harrow is a sharp steel spherical disc, which can have a diameter of 45 to 51 cm. The entire design of a disc harrow for a walk-behind tractor resembles a battery formed from several discs mounted on one axis. A distance is provided between the discs, in which the spacer bobbins are located. All cutting discs are fixed on the axis at a certain angle and always in 2 rows. In the process of soil cultivation, the front discs waddle, and the rear ones. certainly into the dump.
In order to more effectively loosen the soil, the disc harrow to the walk-behind tractor is equipped with offset rear discs. In the process of using the harrow, the discs in its design rotate, due to which they adhere to the ground. The edges of the cutting discs cut through the hard soil, lifting and turning it over. In this case, the layer of earth falls from a certain height, as a result of which it turns over and crumbles.
An important advantage of disc harrows for walk-behind tractors is that they are much less clogged with soil and weeds. Thus, they can be used for much longer without regular cleaning, which saves time and effort for the farmer.
Rotary harrow. design pros and cons
If harrowing with a walk-behind tractor is carried out on an area with virgin soil, or the use of the unit is planned to remove only the top layer of soil, then the use of a rotary harrow will be optimal. Despite the fact that the maximum processing depth of this equipment does not exceed 7 cm, it is this design that is best suited for the purpose of primary cultivation of the land in the territory where grain crops were previously grown.
Rotary harrows for walk-behind tractors can be active and passive. Unlike passive designs, active harrows on a uniaxial tractor are mounted instead of wheels or rotary tillers on standard unit shafts. To increase the efficiency and increase the productivity of the harrow, it should only be used in tandem with tillers with high power and equipped with gearboxes. These structures are best used when paired with other types of attachments. in this case, the harrow on the walk-behind tractor will not only loosen the top layer of the soil, but also effectively level the ground on the site.
Reversible plough for a walk-behind tractor.
The advantages of rotary harrows for walk-behind tractors include ease of use, high efficiency and durability of these structures. Among the main disadvantages of attachments of this type should be highlighted the high cost, difficulty in making it yourself, as well as the bulkiness of the structure.
Tooth Harrow. Benefits and Applications
The design of the tine harrow includes trough-shaped and rectangular strips, at the intersection of which the teeth are located. The latter are installed in such a way that when working, each of them leads its own furrow. Depending on the type of harrow used, the furrow spacing can be between 220 and 490 mm.
In order to prevent clogging of the harrow with weeds and soil, the adjacent tines are located at a distance of 15 cm.
Depending on its design, the tines on the harrow can be straight, curved with a special spring tine, and also clawed. All tines in the harrow design are mounted on an articulated or rigid frame. Articulated harrows are preferred in areas where there are a lot of unevenness. Rigid structures should be used on more or less level surfaces.
Tooth harrows for walk-behind tractors are used to solve the following tasks:
- cutting and crumbling turf;
- crushing and pulling a molehill over the territory of pastures and meadows;
- effective combing of grass.
The design of the tine harrows allows them to be used not only as independent attachments, but also to work with cultivators, seeders and plows.
Harrow for walk-behind tractor
The harrow is a type of attached agricultural equipment, the use of which allows you to prevent the soil from drying out, destroy the crust formed on it, level its surface and destroy the existing weeds. It is quite simple to make a harrow with your own hands, however, immediately before work, you will need to decide on the type of construction, as well as study the diagram in detail and adhere to the correct procedure for manufacturing.
Design features of a homemade harrow
The best and easiest option for making your own hands is a tooth harrow. To create it, you will need to carefully study the drawings, which should indicate the sequence of actions when assembling the equipment. It is also very important that the diagrams indicate the dimensions of all parts used for the manufacture of the harrow.
The design itself in its appearance resembles a cage from a frame, to which the teeth are attached by means of bolts. The front of the structure must be equipped with a hitch, which in most cases is in the form of a hitch with holes. When installing on a uniaxial tractor, the hitch will need to be inserted into the towbar pipe, and then fix both elements with a pin. It is extremely important to weld a special chain between the towbar and the hitch, which will make it easier to work with the equipment.
The cage of the tooth harrow should be as strong as possible, therefore, for its manufacture, you should use square or water pipes, as well as corners to strengthen the joints of the structure. Each part must be made of steel, at least 5 mm thick, otherwise the soil will pull out the teeth along with pieces of metal.
The structure of the lattice to be produced should consist of transverse and longitudinal parts. At the same time, the best option would be a cage, in which the rods are welded together at an angle of 45 ⁰ in relation to the direction of movement of the walk-behind tractor. Such a homemade harrow will be much less bending stress.
To determine the size of the cells, you will need to first determine how the teeth will be placed on the harrow. To do this, the teeth need to be drawn on the drawing, and on top of them, draw a lattice on which they should be attached. The frame itself must be of such dimensions that later it does not interfere with working with the walk-behind tractor. It is also extremely important to take into account the dimensions of the hitch in time. It must be remembered that many walk-behind tractors simply will not pull a harrow more than 1 m wide.
Corrugated reinforcing steel is the best choice for making teeth. Its diameter should be at least 18 mm, and the length of each tooth being produced should be about 15 cm. The height of the tooth does not depend on the height of the hitch, since the homemade harrow will be attached to the walk-behind tractor by means of a chain. In this case, the thickness of the latter should be increased if thick teeth are fixed on the harrow.
How to make a harrow for a walk-behind tractor with your own hands?
After studying all the drawings and design features of a homemade harrow for a walk-behind tractor, you can proceed to its direct assembly. In order to avoid common mistakes, it is extremely important to adhere to the correct procedure when working.
Making a homemade harrow for a walk-behind tractor is performed in the following sequence:
- First, frame parts are assembled and welded to each other;
- Further, the teeth will need to be welded to the manufactured frame. They must be pre-sharpened and must be welded to the frame at right angles. It is not worth worrying about installing the teeth, since after welding the hardened teeth are not annealed, so that their strength is not lost;
- At the next stage, you will need to decide on the place in which the center of influence of forces will be located. In the middle of this part of the harrow, the chain provided in the design must be welded. To do this, you need to take the first of the chain links and weld it to the grate with an overlap. Then the second end of the chain used will need to be connected to the hitch using bolts or a welding machine for this;
- To check the performance of the harrow made, you need to fix it, and then walk with it and the walk-behind tractor. If it was found that the harrow is pulling in either direction, then the chain will need to be digested in the opposite direction. You can also learn more about the manufacture of the harrow from the video.
The manufactured design for the walk-behind tractor will practically be in no way inferior to its factory counterparts. It is strong enough and will be able to serve on the farm for more than one year, provided that the owner regularly cleans it and weeds and soil, and also treats the structural parts with a special anti-corrosion agent.
A self-made harrow for a walk-behind tractor can be used to work with walk-behind tractors manufactured by the brands Cascade, MTZ, Neva, Krot and Agro. The design of these units provides for almost identical coupling mechanisms, which will allow you to easily connect them with a homemade harrow.