What cutters and what they are made for

Types by design

Cutters with a modular tip are more expensive than monolithic cutters. Nevertheless, users prefer the first option. working with such torches gives a certain degree of freedom compared to monolithic products.

Prefabricated

Prefabricated woodworking cutters contain a standard-format support part installed in the tool. Cutting points are placed on its end.

Monolithic

The monolithic cutter has tips that are machined directly into the working base of the tool. Deformed enough to separate completely, the tip is not able to do this despite increased drive speed and particularly hard wood. But a monolithic cutter cannot be resharpened. when blunt, it is simply thrown away. The high-speed steel is capable of blunting after only three cuts of oak or boxwood.

With replaceable cutting edges

Cutters of this sub-species have a much longer service life due to their construction geometry. The edges are reversible. this allows the craftsman to reverse the working part of the cutter when one side is blunt and cuts the workpieces worse. The indexable cutter is twice as profitable for the user as a single-sided cutter.

Diamond manicure cutters

Produced by spraying (gluing) diamond chips onto a metal base blank. Diamond cutters are the most popular among masters of nail service. This is due to the variety of their shapes and functions, the versatility of the abrasive to work with different types of skin.

But for the complete removal of gel polish, such cutters are not suitable, as their fine abrasive quickly clogs. For the same reason, they are most effective on dry skin.

• Artificial. Most cutters, Depending on the quality of workmanship, the lifetime of such a coating is from 5 treatments to 4 months.
• Natural. A rarer variant, which cannot be bought at the first encountered store. Wears out much more slowly, gives the client less discomfort during treatment.

Abrasiveness of diamond nail cutters

Also, like TWS, they are marked with a colored notch on the shank, just below the working part. Similarly, from coarse abrasive to fine abrasive:

• Black is a very rough treatment;
• green coarse;
• blue medium;
• Blue red medium thin;
• red thin;
• yellow superfine treatment.

Blue and red notches are the most universal, because together with properly selected speed mode they allow to work with any type of leather. Black ones are used only for working with artificial materials, green ones for removing hyperkeratoses. Yellow can be used for very thin skin at minimal treatment. The photo below shows the difference between diamond cutters with red and blue abrasive.

Except when working on wet sensitive skin, these marking colors can be called interchangeable at different speeds. For example, you can either take the blue abrasive and set the speed to 15000 rpm, or take the red one and set the speed to 25000 rpm. Depending on what is more comfortable for the client, the handyman, and what thickness of skin is being worked with. Where you need to remove the thickness of the horny layer, it is better to choose the blue abrasive. But dry but thin skin areas are better to sand with red abrasive.

How to choose diamond cutters

The actual hardware part of the manicure procedure is divided into 2 steps: internal processing and external processing. Internal involves scraping the nail cavity removing the pterygium from the nail plate, lifting the cuticle skirt, opening cracks and grinding the inner parts of the lateral rollers adjacent to the nail. Outer cut the raised cuticle and grind the peri-nail rollers. Hardware manicure techniques differ in the choice of cutters for these two steps.

Cutters with a narrowed tip are ideal for inside work.

They can extend more or less smoothly to form the main working surface of the cheek. The nose can also be sharp or blunt. These parameters determine at what angle to the nail should work with such a cutter, as well as how functional the cutter is. The narrower, longer and sharper the spout, the deeper the manicure can be made.

From left to right: flame, drop, cone, kidney, fissure (needle). Each shape can have a different length, abrasiveness and diameter.

When working with these cutters, it is forbidden to press both the nose of the cutter and its maximum convex part of the belly into the nail. During operation, the cutter rests on the surface to be milled with its expanding barrel, called the cheek.

For external processing, cutters with a pronounced belly (spherical) are used.

Diameter of such cutters should be at least 2.3 mm, otherwise the cutter can sink too deep into the tissue, like a drill, and traumatize it. The simplest model is the ball and in the photo below you can see that it sort of fits in with the other models. Here, the functionality depends on how easy it is to cut the cuticle with the widest part of the cutter and how quickly you can grind the lateral rollers.

From left to right: ball, rounded cylinder (barrel), inverted pear, lentil, kidney. They may also differ in diameter and abrasiveness.

It is forbidden to work on the nail with spherical burrs. Allowed to slightly touch the nail, but in no case should not try to clean up their pterygium, which remained after the internal treatment.

By far the most functional are the flame, kidney, drop and cylinder. At a proper level of skill it is possible to perform a manicure any one of the first three. Barrel is more popular than a ball, because of the larger lateral area that speeds up the craftsman’s work.

Features

Before studying the features and distinctive characteristics of this working element, it is important to define the original term. So, a metal cutter for a milling machine is a cutting tool, the design of which includes a large number of blades. Metal material is processed by the cutter through a constant rotation around its axis.

The main structural elements of the cutter should include the working part, the shank, which is usually fixed in the spindle or collet, and the neck. The metal milling cutters available on today’s construction market are classified according to key parameters (e.g., size, material of manufacture, type of attachment, and others).

Traditionally metal end mills are made of carbon, alloyed or high speed steel materials.

Due to the high level of demand for metal milling cutters, there is a large variety of such elements on the market: users can buy attachment, passage, slotting, magnetic, mushroom, cutting, round, metal elements, parts with interchangeable plates or “ballerina” type, bevel, cutters with different rotation speed, different sizes (for example, 2 mm, 3 mm, 5 mm, 10 mm, 60 mm, 20 mm, 50 mm), with different angles (such as 45 degrees). Let’s consider what are the metal cutters.

Disk

The most important distinguishing characteristic of disc milling cutters is that their diameter is usually several times the thickness. The cutters are manufactured in one piece, using special tool steel as the starting material, which undergoes a preliminary procedure of hardening and normalization.

Disc milling cutters are subdivided into two separate types: cutting and slotting. The first option is more common and in demand among users. So, if we talk about the design of circular cut-off mills, it is important to note the fact that they have an inclined tooth. And this tooth is necessarily hardened. the process of hardening is usually carried out before sharpening. In addition to the tooth, there are always slots and bolt holes (these can be found directly in the body of the disc). If we talk about the areas of use of the devices, cut-off disc milling cutters with a diameter of 120 mm or more are usually used to perform hot metal cutting in rolling mills. On the other hand, slotting cutters are characterized by a straight tooth with a contour that matches the shape of the groove to be cut.

Face milling cutters

Describing the end mills, it should be said that they are most often used to perform preprocessing of the workpiece of any product. At the same time the parts are characterized by a rather high level of productivity.

This effect is possible due to the presence of two specially designed cutting edges: one of them is frontal, and the other is lateral.

Cylindrical

As can be guessed from the name, this type of mill is shaped like a cylinder, so its height exceeds the diameter. The arrangement of the cutting edges of cylindrical devices is quite unusual. they are arranged in a spiral pattern. Tool steel is traditionally used as a manufacturing material (especially for the working part). The sharpening is made by the back of the shank, and the attachment is carried out on a mandrel. Finishing machining is usually accomplished by means of this part.

Corner cutters

Corner milling cutters have a shape of a truncated cone with a wide base and the apex toward the shank. It is used for chamfering and trimming. Cutting edge. the most important workpiece. is located on the side.

As for the type of assembly, this part can be either solid or assembled.

End mills

Like some other types of milling cutters, end milling cutters are cylindrical in shape. The element design also includes the main cutting plane. It is structurally the end part of the cylinder and is supported by the sides, which are functionally auxiliary. The end devices are usually used for deburring the surface in the recesses and grooves. It is important to keep in mind that the sharpening angle of the end mills is very important in the process of chip removal from the cutting zone. In this case the inclination of the cutting edge increases with the diameter of the tool from 30 degrees onwards.

Specially shaped cutters

Shaped cutters are parts with shaped cutting edges.

They must follow the shape of the slot.

Worm (or “flying”)

Worm-type elements are composite in their design. Parts are most often used in the cutting process of gears and pinions. As for the design and structure of this element, it is important to note the fact that the body itself is cylindrical. It has shaped inserts (they are in rows). The shape of such blades must correspond to the shape of the recess between the workpiece teeth. Hobs are most commonly used on hobbing machines.

Shaper cutters

Bevel cutters are also often referred to as annular cutters. They are hollow and have a cylindrical shape. Grinding is carried out on the face and the spiral cutting edges are used.

Keyed

Key cutters have sharpened side cutting edges. They must be ground so as to match the size of the slot width.

The cutter can be used as a drill, deepening to the required depth (particularly useful at the beginning of the operation).

Conical (or “corn”)

Structurally, cone elements can be either solid or box type. The angle of the cutting edge can be either positive (with the taper apex toward the shank) or negative (when reversed).

Spherical

Spherical cutters are actively used in the process of creating semicircular grooves. Such parts may be solid or composite.

The element is directly sharpened on the contour.

Under the T-shaped notches

If we talk about the structure of such milling cutters, it is important to note that the cutting edges of this element are located on the sides and at the ends of the bottom wide part of the tool. In this case it is mandatory that the radius of the cutter under the T-shaped notch must coincide with the width of the groove.

Assembled (or kit)

Such milling cutters offer a high level of practicality and are in great demand among users.

Thus, thanks to such a wide variety, each user can choose for himself such an element, which will best meet his needs and requirements.

Purpose of milling cutters

Milling is the process of machining various surfaces, in order to obtain the desired product size, type and roughness class. This process is possible with the help of special high-strength multi-blade cutting devices. milling machines or milling machines.

A milling cutter is a dynamic body with sharp teeth on its surface. Cutter look depends on the shape of the surface to be milled. Metal teeth can be arranged either on the cylindrical part or on the sidewall. The working surface of milling cutters is made from the following materials: carbon steels, high-speed steels, hard and mineral-ceramic alloys.

When selecting a cutter type, the material from which the cutters are made should be considered. The strength of the composite should be directly proportional to the area of the material to be machined. To avoid buying low-quality milling cutters, you should choose proven brands with a genuine quality certificate.

The Evolution Of Cutting Tools

Brief information (types of cutters and their application):

Fields of application: equipment for oil and gas industry, production of pipeline valves, aerospace industry, production of tools and forms (POS-materials, outdoor advertising, flat and volumetric letters, plates, logos, signs, furniture and interior items, relief images, bas-reliefs, sculptures, 3D objects, etc.д.), automobile industry, general machinery, construction, energy industry, railway construction, shipbuilding, medical industry, etc.д.

Area of application. for surface machining on horizontal milling machines. Available with straight and helical blades. They are mainly made of carbon, high-speed and alloy steels.

Cylindrical milling cutters are mainly used for cutting of complicated complicated complicated surfaces and for machining of stainless heat-resistant steel, construction steel, grey cast iron, lightly machined materials (copper, aluminium), organic glass, laminated plastics and fibreglass plastics. Most commonly used with helical teeth, i.e.к. they are more functional and machining is of higher quality. When designing screw-tooth cutters, the craftsman needs to consider the load on the design. this ensures more accurate and high-quality tool performance.

Widely used in construction for the manufacture of molded products. Cutter profiles are used in various shapes, depending on the end result.

• A archtop is a special profiled device used to mill door and window frames.
• Baseboard is a strip for closing a gap between flooring and wall.
• Trim is mostly used for joints between a ceiling and a wall. Widely used in furniture production.
• Rail. is a narrow wooden bar. Indispensable detail in construction or repair.
• Trim is a narrow, strong board for finishing ceilings and walls in homes, baths and other buildings.
• Corner piece is a wooden product with an angular end. Used as a decorative element in finishing works.

Face milling cutters are used to mill flat surfaces on vertical and horizontal milling machines. Suitable for machining steel and interrupted planes. Casing made of carbon, high-speed and alloy steel.

Cutting elements are on the cylindrical and lateral surfaces of the mill, allowing to work with two perpendicular planes simultaneously.

The cutter blade has three elements: main, transitional and auxiliary. The contact surface has a large number of teeth, which enables to restrain unnecessary vibrations. consequently, the quality of workpiece processing is improved. The main application is 3D machining of different surfaces such as dies and molds.

This type of cutter is used extensively in the automotive industry for manufacturing gear cases. Crankcases for high-performance gearboxes are usually made of pre-eutectic aluminum or magnesium alloys. The main requirements in manufacturing these parts are strict adherence to specified dimensions and minimum machine time. Face cutters with more teeth are used for high precision and cost-effective machining of these complex parts. Micronically accurate cutter inserts with optimum cutting edge geometry for high surface quality and exceptional tool life.

End mills cut grooves, through grooves, windows, s, keyways, and more. Mainly made from high-speed steel and alloy steel. Sharp-edged blades in such milling cutters are located on a cylindrical surface. they perform the main milling. The bottom of the groove is mainly ground on the sidewall. The blades in these cutters can be either helical or slanted.

A large number of products with standard and special threads are used in the manufacture of electrical power equipment and in the construction and operation of power plants. For the production of high-power turbines, among other tools, end mills with U inserts are used extensively. This allows for safe and reliable operation of the finished product, while increasing efficiency by more than 50%, while reducing the processing time of the finished product.

Disc milling cutters are used for slotting, grooving, and cutting metal and other elements. Their main purpose is to cut wood blanks. Mainly made of high speed steel and alloyed steel. This type of cutter has a high efficiency, despite the fact that they often have teeth cut.

The main use of disc milling cutters is for shaping, parting off, cutting keyways, etc.д. The design advantages are very pronounced when machining large workpieces and batch machining. That’s why special solid carbide disc prismatic cutters with angles of 60 and 90 degrees, radius on the top of tooth 0,03 mm, cutter diameters from 15 to 80 mm started to be used for gear manufacturing in machine building. These cutters enable you to machine external gear wheels, gear racks, external splines, chain sprockets, and other parts with gear elements. The use of disc milling cutters enables to achieve the highest productivity, allowing to reduce the machining cycle by no less than 50% in comparison with any other methods of gear cutting.

Angle milling cutters are used for machining grooves with angular profile. Main use is in tool industry, where cutters are used for cutting grooves, reamers, countersinks, and more. Angle milling cutters are manufactured in one-piece units of high speed steel.

Based on the design of angular milling cutters, they are massively used for milling chip grooves of various metal-cutting tools, including the cutters themselves (dovetail grooves) and designs of two mating planes. Using this type of milling cutters increases milling speed and saves time on detailing.

The main and distinctive feature is the milling, both one way and the other. The manufacturing material is alloy steel. Can be used on vertical milling machines or on machines with pendulum feed.

They are used mainly to make openings in metal products. Only the side edges are involved.

Keyway-type joints can be found in a wide variety of applications. They are mainly used in the machine tool industry. The keys for these devices come in wedge, segmental and prismatic keyways. The basic tool for machining keyways on the milling cutter are key mills produced according to State Standard 9140. They have two cutters with cutting end bases, have a shank of conical or cylindrical shape. For keyway machining they are ideal because the side edges of these cutters face directly into the tool body rather than into the outside. Key cutters operate with both longitudinal and axial feed. They guarantee the required roughness grade of shoulder and grooves after machining.

Shaped cutters are used for machining planes and grooves with a complicated shaped profile. They are made of high-speed steel and alloy steel. Unlike standard milling cutters, shaped milling cutters are special, and are designed with overall dimensions and profile of the working surface in mind.

Face-milling cutters are widely used in metal machining.к. provide high work efficiency and allow machining of complicated profiles by lower skilled workers. Face milling cutters are used for profiled planes of worms, gears, window frames, baguettes.

Since shaped cutters are special and are custom-designed, they are commonly used in the manufacture of oil and gas industry equipment. they are ideally suited for specific applications. For example, a large tool life is required for series production of clutches. This type of milling cutter performs this task 100%, while reducing the time to process the product.

Cutters are globally the most popular fixture used to machine a variety of material surfaces. Several variants of blades, teeth and cutting edges can be used simultaneously in a compound part. A wide variety of sizes, profiles, types, shapes and applications for almost any technological task is considered to be a distinctive feature of this tool. Thus, today, cutters are indispensable, and are widely used in various industries. But the most important thing to know for proper operation is how to choose the right type of tool precisely and use it correctly to get the right shape and size of the workpiece without damaging the cutters.

According to the design features of the tool is of the following types:

Disk

Disc milling tool is used for trimming workpieces, as well as preparing grooves in them. With its help, you can select metal or remove a chamfer. This tool externally resembles an ordinary circular saw blade. The only difference is the smaller diameter and greater thickness. Also the teeth of the milling disc are placed at a different angle. The quality of machining depends on the size of the teeth. The bigger they are, the rougher the work. High, sparse tines ensure rapid metal removal. They also evacuate chips more efficiently, which reduces overheating.

Socket saws

End mills are used for machining flat surfaces where you want to create a stepped transition or recess. The working part of the tool is the tip. In terms of function, it is equal to a normal drill bit, but has a larger diameter. Usually has 6 cutting teeth, allowing for a faster penetration into the metal. Special grooves to remove chips. The flattened face allows a flat bottom recess to be created.

Cylindrical

Cylindrical cutters are similar to disc cutters, except they are significantly wider. Their teeth can be straight or helical. Dies with straight edges are used for narrower surfaces. Cylindrical cutters are more versatile and can often work on harder metals. Tooth pitch is usually less than 45 degrees, to minimize runout on the roll. Cylindrical design often connects several bits on the machine shaft, which is useful for cutting wider workpieces.

Angular

The angled type is designed to plunge into metal and create inclined surfaces. You can use it to make a dovetail pattern. This tool allows making circles as well as shaped and longitudinal grooves on various metal surfaces. The wide portion of the cutting edge can be at the bottom or top, allowing the required direction of the slotting angle in the workpiece. The cutting edge inclination and height of the cutting edge can vary depending on the type of workpiece to be produced.

Ends

The end mill is also called a finger mill. It is a long drill that has about 5 cutting edges. They are used to create a deep slot. Usually such a tool is a monolithic tool, but there are some finger-edged tools. This design enables easy, rapid work in hard metals, such as steel and cast iron. The groove is created with a flat shape. If it is to be rounded, the spherical design of end mills is used.

shaped

Such cutters are used for profiling of shaped surfaces. A long workpiece is pulled through such a tool. As a result of contact, its side part is removed and adjusted to the required parameters. This tool is one of the hardest to produce because it requires special equipment for sharpening. Resetting the cutting edge at home is quite difficult, but doable with the proper experience and some tools.

Worm cutters

Worm cutters are the widest. They allow you to pick from a surface with a large grip. It is one of the most expensive tools, because its dimensions are quite large. Several dozens or more teeth. According to the direction of rotation, such bits can be left- or right-handed.

Circular

Ring cutters are familiar to most people as core drills. They are designed for drilling sheet metal. Their design resembles a tube with teeth, which plunge into the surface, creating a hollow ring. Ring diameters can vary greatly. For accurate positioning, in the center of the tip there is a regular drill bit, which is the first to plunge into the surface and provides centering.

Wood Cutter

Wood router bits are also used for woodworking. Due to the fact that this material is softer, the cutting tool for planing is smaller in size and cost. It also has a higher rotation speed. These tools are installed in hand-held milling machines or in stationary machines.

Cutters that are used on woodworking machines are virtually identical in appearance to those used for metal. The only exception is that they are made of lower quality steel, and have a different sharpening angle.

Machine tool bits are made of the following types:

Externally, cutters for woodworking machines are completely identical to those used for metal cutting. The only exception are key mills, which are not used in metalworking. They belong to the category of two toothed milling cutters, which are used to make connecting grooves.

With the increasing popularity of handheld mills, the range of end mills that are installed in them has increased significantly. They differ not only in the features of the cutting edge, but also in the diameter of the shank. It can be a 6, 8, or 12 mm thick bar.

Types of router bits for hand routers

The following varieties of cutters are used for hand routers:

The edge router group is an almost identical design to the end bits used for metalworking. They allow you to give the edges of the workpiece a shaped profile. Their foot has a bearing that stops the nozzle when it comes into contact with the workpiece, so it limits the deepening into the wood. This category has a wide variety of profile shapes and is often used for tabletop decoration. They can be used for shaped cuts, plunge cuts and complex chamfering.

The group of finger milling cutters looks very similar to the end mills that are used in metal machining. They can be used to select eyelets and create blind grooves. Side edges enable high working heights. The tool is often monolithic. Its shape can be both straight and beveled in the form of a trapezoid or wedge. This tool effectively removes chips, making it a fast worker.

The mill for joinery joints is usually a collapsible construction with many cutting elements. They are used to machine the ends of boards to create grooves for joinery joints. It is with such cutters that a comb is created to glue long boards from short blanks.

Special cutters are a combination type, which allows to create a shaped surface on the ends. This is the category of tools that can be used to turn the edge of the board into a locking part, used on batten or laminate.

How to extend the life of the milling cutters

To make the cutter last longer, it is important first of all to make sure that it is securely clamped in the machine. Runout at high RPM will cause the cutting edge to break off and the nozzle to become unusable. To avoid it, not only do you have to clamp it firmly before use, but also stop and check it from time to time to make sure it is securely clamped, because it can simply come loose.

The next important rule is to choose the right cutter. Do not use a tool whose hardness is almost identical to the hardness of the workpiece. If you ignore this and start working, the intensity of abrasion will be the same, so the cutting edge will quickly shrink and its metal will let go from overheating.

The next rule is to choose the right speed. The package of the router bits usually tells you the optimum speed. If you unscrew it more, it can cause overheating or a piece of the tooth can break off.

Do not forget that during operation the metal is very hot. To prevent overheating it is important to stop the machine in time to cool down. It is also worth applying lubrication, especially if metal is being worked on.

After each machining it is worth cleaning the cutter from chips stuck on it. Often the tool is made of steel, which is subject to corrosion. That is why it is important to keep it in an airtight box that is insulated from humidity.

If the cutter has lost its sharpness, it should not be used, as a blunt cutting edge leads to rapid overheating, as a result of which the tool can be spoiled, and then no sharpening will not help any more. It is also not necessary to create a strong pressure on the workpiece, as this also contributes to overheating.

Types of cutters on the form and purpose

It can be difficult for a novice technician to understand the variety of shapes of manicure cutters and their names. There are many different shapes, each of which is used to perform certain manipulations. Some of them are designed for specific tasks, other nozzles can perform several functions at once. If the master knows how to work with multifunctional cutters, it greatly saves his time, because he does not have to change tips often.

Let’s take a closer look at the main cutters for a hardware manicure by form and purpose.

The form of “flame”

This is the most common type of nozzles in the list of manicure cutters. The popularity of “flame” is due to its multi-functionality. The shape of this nozzle allows you to perform different types of manipulations. The convex part of the “flame” is used for processing lateral rollers, the flat part is used for scraping cuticles, and the spout is convenient for treating sinuses. During work, this cutter type must be held at a 45 ° angle to the treated surface.

Needle” shape

Cutter “needle” for hardware manicure has a characteristic pointed shape. It is also very common and is used by most masters.

The main thing you need a cutter “needle” for manicure is to perform such manipulations as lifting and opening the cuticle, removing pterygium. In addition, it allows you to file the inside of the natural nail. It is necessary for the correction of false nails.

The technician must know how to handle this cutter correctly. It must be held almost parallel to the nail plate, so as not to traumatize the client with its sharp tip.

Shape “corn”

Popular type of cutters used to remove gel nail polish and false nails. In addition, the “corn” is suitable for trimming the nail plate in length. When performing manipulation, it must be held parallel to the plane of the nail plate.

Cone

The cone-shaped manicure cutter is used for lifting and uncovering the nail cuticle. The work requires the nozzle to be held at an angle of 90 ° to the work surface.

Ball or sphere

Ball cutter for manicure allows the master to perform several types of manipulations. Including with its help cut burrs, lateral rollers, cuticle. The exact use of the ball attachment depends on its diameter. For example, small diameter nozzles are good for scraping the pterygium. Manicure cutter with a ball of medium diameter is used for trimming the cuticle.

The “lentil” or “bullet” shape

This type of nozzles for hardware manicure helps master remove pterygium. Work with “lentils” after a preliminary notion and opening of the cuticle with the “cone”.

Shape “drum” or “cylinder

Cutter “cylinder” for manicure helps to trim the nail plate under the length, well suited for the removal of artificial material. When using the “drum” cutter, it must be kept in mind that sharp cutter bits can injure the cuticle. Therefore, to perform manipulation with this tool should be as carefully as possible, especially the novice master.

Rounded cylinder” or “roller” shape

This type of manicure cutter is suitable for cutting of lateral rollers and cuticles. The rounded edges of the nozzle allow for safe treatment with minimal risk of injury to the client.

Cutters by number of starts

According to the number of cutting planes distinguish one, two, three-zahodnyh. Unlike the single-turn, the multi-turn tool performs several cutting movements in one revolution. Theoretically, multitrack cutters are cleaner for the same feed rate, or they provide the necessary surface finish at higher feed rates.

When working with multi-turn cutters, it’s important that the chips aren’t trapped in the work area, or the tool will break. Increasing the number of cutting edges is inevitably associated with a reduction in the width of the groove. Therefore, the smaller the diameter of the cutter, the smaller the number of cutting edges.

Chips are evacuated upwards or downwards from the working area.

Classification and types of woodworking cutters

Power tool for working with lumber. hand-type router. Surfaces of parts made of wood are subject to work with special devices. Manufacture of products that require the presence of the necessary grooves, recesses and recesses implies the use of a wood router. Before you start, you need to buy the tooling designed for the specific purpose according to the configuration of the product.

The choice of the tool, woodworking occurs according to the specification of handicrafts. Professionals have sufficient experience and skills to use the right equipment. The wood cutter has many uses:

• In edging is used to connect workpieces by splicing grooves.
• Making notches for use, installation of hinges, other fixtures.
• Making décor. in this case a pattern cutter is used or in processes on wood with complex configurations.

Tools greatly differ in type of configuration, purpose. Before you start your work with wood, you need to determine the type and types used for blanks. Unit of measure of the tail is calculated in millimeters or inches, depending on the type of cutter used. Common options are types of cutters with a diameter of 6 to 12 mm. It is worth focusing on the fact that the use of an inch collet and millimeter shank is not allowed, as it can cause damage to the equipment, or injury.

The kit manufacturers provide different modifications. On the construction market there is a large selection of types of hand milling cutters, depending on the purpose and the material used in the manufacture of. Manual device tooling can be used for processing plastic and metal, but is most common in the processing of wood. Main varieties for working with wood.

• Making grooves, forming recesses is performed by end mill types.
• Grooving, the cylindrical wood cutter used processes the desired rectangular groove.
• Shaped tools for wood are used in shaped recesses, edges, allow you to give a unique product.
• Edge jigs are made in a design with a bearing, which allows to make a product on the template.

It is important to remember that the presence of a bearing in a hand router implies its maintenance. It is necessary to lubricate the rotary element with a thin layer of grease, this action is carried out according to the desire for long tool life.

What is a cutter and what it is?

The milling machine is a tool for processing various parts made of metal and wood. Its design is simple, but in spite of that, it can perform an impressive number of operations. On the classification of cutters, the rules of selection and subtleties of use we will talk in detail in this review.